MIE Exam 3

interruption

a serious barrier to effective communication

product development teams

a specific type of project team formed to devise, design, and implement a new product

job enlargement

adds more tasks to a job instead of treating each task as separate

pay for performance

an incentive program that rewards employees for meeting specific, individual goals

reinforcement theory is

associated with behavior modification theory

boycott

attempt to keep ppl from buying products of a company

extrinsic reward

benefits and/or recognition received from someone else

Three tasks associated with human resources

compensating workers training workers hiring workers

Every organization regardless of size, type, profit, or product has

corporate culture

crisis management

deals with potential disasters such as product tampering, oil spills, fire, - many businesses dont have updated plans -

If Pete was tasked with developing an organizational structure for his company, he would

define the various positions in the company and their relationship to one another

leadership

defined as the ability to influence employees to work towards organizational goals

goal setting theory

describes the impact that setting goals has on performance goals are motivators goals can help employees direct efforts towards outcomes

managers

do things right

temas internal rewards

enhanced sense of accomplishment as the team reaches its goals.

narrow span of management

exists when a manager directly supervises only a few subordinates

Interpersonal Managerial Roles

figure- attending awards banquet ,leader- conducting performance appraisal for subordinates liaison- coordinating production schedule with supply manager

Which type of manager is responsible for obtaining the money needed for the successful operation of the organization?

financial manager

Wages are defined as

financial rewards based on the number of hours the employee works or the level of output achieved

Departments are commonly organized by

function, product, customer, geographic location

delegation of authority

giving employees not only tasks, but also the power to make commitments, use resources, and take whatever actions are necessary to carry out those tasks

Teams - advantages

higher quality decisions increased diversity of views increased commitment to solutions and changes lower levels of stress and destructive internal competition improved flexibility and responsiveness

soft benefits

include perks that help balance life and work such as child care and spas

Managerial roles

interpersonal, informational, decisional

Participate decision making

involves both manager and employee, supports employee empowerment within an organization

Picketing

is a public protest against management practices and involves union members marching at the employer's site.

hygeine factors

job security, company policies supervision working conditions relationships w peers, subordinates, and supervisors salary

labor tactics

picketing, strikes, boycott

Hawthorne Studies

productivity increased regardless of physical conditions - begining of concern for HR

The best way a company can encourage participative decision making is by ______.

providing employee and managerial training

Planning

requires statement of MISSION objectives are measurable statements

teams external rewards

rewards in the form of praise and certain perks.

A company that needs to fill several positions is in the process of collecting information about applicants and using that information to make hiring decisions. What process is the company in?

selection

theory z managers

stresses employee participation in all company decisions managers and workers share responsibility longterm employment -japan particpative responsivility

Leaders do

the right thing

equity theory

theory states that employees look for fairness in the workplace as compared to others before deciding to perform.

committee

usually a permanent, formal group that does some specific task

Expectancy Theory

victor vroom motivation depends on not only how much someone wants something but how likely they are to get it

Effective organizational structure

- divide responsibilities -distribute authority -coordinate and control work -promote accountability

how managers empower employees

- potency -meaningfulness -autonomy -impact

Steps in decison making process

- recognize and define - develop options - analyze options - select best option - implement decision - monitor consequences

essential management skills

-technical, conceptual, analytical, human relations (interpersonal)

labor unions

An organization formed by workers to strive for better wages and working conditions union workers make about 200 more per week than nonunion memebers

job analysis

Determines, through observation and study, pertinent information about a job including specific tasks and necessary abilities, knowledge and skills

recruitment

Developing a pool of qualified applicants from which management can select employees

job sharing

To share the responsibilities and duties of a single full time job with one or more other employees.

Kotter's 8 step change model

-create a sense of urgency - build a guiding coalition -form a strategic vision & inititatives -enlist a volunteer army -enable action by removing barriers -generate short term wins -sustain acceleration -institute change

line structure

-the simplest organizational structure, -structure has a clear chain of command, which enables managers to make decisions quickly. A mid-level manager facing a decision must consult only one person, his or her immediate supervisor. - managers must know a lot at this structure - most common in small business

5 rules of successful diversity recruiting

1. Involve employees 2. Communicate diversity 3. Support diversity initiatives and activities 4. Delegate resources 5. Promote your diversity initiatives

2 positives of product departmentalization

1. helps coordinate all the activities related to a product or product group 2. simplifies decision making

Decision Making Process

1. recognizing and define decision situation 2. develop options to resolve problem 3. analyzing options 4. selecting the best option 5. implementing the decision 6. monitoring the consequences of the decision

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, minorities will be the majority in the United States by:

2044.

compressed work week

A four-day (or shorter) period in which an employee works 40 hours.

Management by Objectives (MBO)

A process in which objectives set by a subordinate and a supervisor must be reached within a given time period.

Groupthink

A situation in which group members seek unanimous agreement despite their individual doubts

line and staff structure

A structure having a traditional line relationship between superiors and subordinates and also specialized managers - called staff managers - who are available to assist line managers

flex time

A system of working that allows an employee to choose, within limits, the hours for starting and leaving work each day.

centralized organization

An organization structure in which decision-making authority is maintained at the top level of management

organizational culture

An organization's values, beliefs, traditions, rules, and role models for behavior that are shared by all are an organization's

Requirements for Successful Leadership

Communicate objectives and expectations. Gain the respect and trust of stakeholders. Develop shared values. Acquire and share knowledge. Empower employees to make decisions. Be a role model for appropriate behavior. Provide rewards and take corrective action to achieve goals.

employees are motivated by

Employees are motivated by the nature of the relationships they have with their supervisors, by the nature of their jobs, and by the characteristics of the organization.

What federal agency was created as part of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

2 benefits of teams to a company

Have the ability to create more solutions Can pool members' knowledge

intrinsic reward

Having a sense of personal satisfaction after completing a big project at work

three benefits teams can provide to a company

Help cut costs Boost productivity Foster innovation

What are three benefits of fostering and valuing workforce diversity? Multiple select question.

Increased innovation and creativity Reduced conflict among employees from different backgrounds Ability to better serve a diverse customer base more productive use of human resources more productive working relationships

analytical skills

Knowing how to sort large amounts of information in order to find relevant facts to resolve a problem or issue

free rein leaders/ laissez- faire

Let employees work without much interference; set performance standards and let employees find own way to meet them

What are three examples of benefits that provide additional compensation to employees beyond wages?

Life insurance Sick days Paid vacation

organizational structures

Line structure Line-and-staff structure Multidivisional structure Matrix structure

In his classical theory of motivation, Frederick Taylor proposed two things that he thought would improve worker productivity. What were they?

Linking pay to output Job specialization

expectancy theory / victor vroom

Motivation depends on how much we want something and how likely we think we are to get it

knowledge based pay

Pay tied to an employee's acquisition of knowledge or skills; also called competency-based pay or skill-based pay

Managers engage in

Planning Organizing Directing Controlling They are interrelated and can be performed more than one at a time

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act prohibits job discrimination based on what four conditions?

Religion Race or color Sex National origin

U.S. Department of Labor

The agency that deals with complaints filed by employees who feel that their rights protected by fair labor laws have been violated

the organizational structure

The arrangement or relationship of positions within an organization

Management

The process of accomplishing the goals of an organization through the effective use of people and other resources.

controlling

The process of evaluating and correcting activities to keep the organization on course is known as

organizational chart

The visual representation of an organization's structure

reason for the decline in union growth

There has been a shift to a service economy. There are fewer manufacturing jobs. The need for union protection is decreasing. Most blue-collar workers are already union members.

four activities that are most often part of an orientation to a company

Tour of the building Distribution of manuals Introduction to fellow workers Socializing

arbitration

a 3rd party is brought in to settle the dispute arbitartors solution is legally binding and enforceable

EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission)

a federal agency that administers and enforces civil rights laws against workplace discrimination - eliminating discrimination based on race, religion, color, sex, national orgin

gig economy

a labor market characterized by the prevalence of short-term contracts or freelance work as opposed to permanent jobs.

Picketing

a public protest against management practices that involves union members marching and carrying anti-management signs at the employer's plant or work site

multidivisional structure

a structure that organizes departments into larger groups called divisions -can be formed based on product, customer, geography, - more innovative -con= makes duplication

coworking

a style of work that involves a shared working environment (such as an office) and independent activity among individuals who are usually not employed by the same organization

Task force

a temporary group of employees responsible for bringing about a particular change

task force

a temporary group of employees responsible for bringing about a particular change

motivational factors

achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility, advancement, growth

matrix structure

also called a project management structure, sets up teams from different departments, thereby creating two or more intersecting lines of authority. - beneifits; flexibility, enhanced cooperation, creativity - cons; expensive and complex whose authority has power?

if you find yourself in a managers role..

always provide feedback and be proactive

the right people doing the right thing at the right time are

an organizations most important asset

Xander

analyzes employees responses to surveys to find emotion behind responses - can predict workplace behavior -

selection process

application, interview testing, refernece checking

self directed work teams

are a group of employees responsible for an entire work process or segment that delivers a product to an internal or external customer

strikes

are employee walkouts and are one of the most effective weapons

theory x managers

assume that employees are basically lazy and extrinsically motivated. - dont like work have to be forced. -china -managerial responsibility

conciliation

bring in neutral 3rd party to keep labor and management talking

mediation

bringing in a neutral third party to help others resolve their conflicts peacefully

Conciliation

brings in a neutral third party for no other reason than to keep labor and management talking.

strikebreakers

called "scabs" by striking union members, are people hired by management to replace striking employees

characteristics of effective teams

clear sense of purpose open and honest communication creative thinking manage conflict constructively accountability focus decision by consensus

labor unions and management reach agreements through the process of

collective bargaining

Performance appraisals are used for

compensation provide employee feedback rewards

pay and benefits make up a worker's

compensation plan

Outside Resolution

conciliation, mediation, arbitration

Human Resource Management

consists of the activities managers perform to plan for, attract, develop, and retain an effective workforce

job specification

describes the minimum qualifications a person must have to perform the job successfully

Actions you should and shouldn't take when you are terminated:

do not criticize your boss who terminated you do not take files or property that is not yours do try to get a reference letter do not criticize former employer in job interview do look to the future and be pos about new job opportunities.

Organizing/departmentalization by products...

duplicates functions and resources and emphasizes the product rather than the achievement of the organizations overall goals

top 10 resume lies

education, emploment dates, technical skills, previous work history, language fluency, gpa, job descriptions, gradutaion year, promotions, salary

secondary characteristics of diversity

education, work background, income, marital status, parental status, military experience, religious beliefs, geographic location

work specialization advantages

efficiency, productivity, ease of training, activities too numerous for one person

Work Specialization con

employees become bored job disatisfaction turnover - poor quality of work increased injuries

Managers make decisions about

employees financials and supplies

improving effective communication

encourage employees to provide feedback avoid interruptions develop strong and effective communication channels through training

For a team to maximize its contribution to the firm it must ______.

engage in a a harmonious, synchronized work effort that remains flexible to changing conditions

primary characteristics of diversity

ethnicity, race, sexual orientation, gender, age, abilities

controlling

evaluating and correcting activities to keep the organization on course.

Union growth has slowed in recent years because

factories have become more automated.

Tuckmans stages of team development

forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning

organizing

function of management when they review plans and determine what activities are necessary to implement them; then, divide the work into small units and assign it to specific individuals, groups, or departments. - helps create synergy -improves communication -helps avoid duplication of resources - speeds up decision making

project teams

groups similar to task forces that normally run their operation and have total control of a specific work project

a person using conceptual skills..

has the ability to think in abstract terms and see how parts fit together to form the whole.

Kouzes and Posner leadership

honest competent inspirining forward looking

Theory Y

humanistic view of management where it assumed that workers like to work - employees seek out responsibility in order to help their self esteem - more democratic in decision making - united states -collaborative responsibilities

profit sharing

incentive pay in which payments are a percentage of the organization's profits and do not become part of the employees' base salary

fringe benefits

include sick-leave pay, vacation pay, pension plans, and health plans that provide additional compensation to employees beyond base wages

Teams - disadvantages

inefficiency groupthink diminished individual motivation structural disruption excessive workloads

job description

is a formal written explanation of a specific job

management

is a process designed to achieve an organizations objectives by using its resources efficiently and effectively

leadership in teams

is becoming the norm

staffing

is the hiring of ppl to carry out the work of the organization

democratic leaders

leaders who encourage group discussion and decision making through consensus building

Autocratic leaders

leaders who hoard decision-making power for themselves and typically issue orders without consulting their followers

Managers who have the ability to influence employees to work toward organizational goals have the skill of

leadership

Management Tactics

lockout, strikebreakers

autocratic leaders

make all the decisions and tell employees what must be done and how to do it

lockout

management's version of a strike, wherein a work site is closed so that employees cannot go to work

Free-Reign Leadership Style

managers adopt a "hands-off" approach and provide relatively little direction to subordinates. They may advise employees but usually give them considerable freedom to solve problems and make decisions on their own.

grapevine

most informal channel of communication - managers use it as a sounding device for possible new policies and info that can improve decision making - can use it to float ideas and solicit feedback to act accordingly

Directing

motivating and leading employees to achieve organizational objectives

directing

motivating and leading employees to achieve organizational objectives.

One tool managers can use to foster employee loyalty and boost productivity is

motivation

the classical theory

motivation theory suggests that money is the sole motivator for workers

soft skills

nontechnical skills needed by most workers for success on the job - communicate

Assessing an employee's performance is

one of the most difficult tasks for managers.

In some companies, human resources management is referred to as

personnel management

strategic plans

plans that establish the long-range objectives and overall strategy or course of action by which a firm fulfills its mission

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

prohibits discrimination in employment and created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory

proposed that work satisfaction and dissatisfaction arise from two different factors hygeine factors and motivational factors

cafeteria benefit plans

provide a financial amount to employees so that they can select the specific benefits that fit their needs

employee life cycle

recruitment, onboarding, development, retention, separation, engagement

analytical skills

refer to the ability to identify relevant issues and recognize their importance, understand the relationships between them, and perceive the underlying cause of the situation.

morale booster

respect, involvement, appreciation, adequate compensation, promotions, positive work environment

tactical plans

short-range plans designed to implement the activities and objectives specified in the strategic plan - 1 year of less time range -deals w changing environment

quality assurance teams or quality circles

small groups of workers brought together from throughout the organization to solve specific quality, productivity, or service problems

4 components of the selection process of HRM

testing, the application, interviewing , reference checking

the difference between unsatisfied needs and satisfied needs is

that unsatisfied needs continue to motivate.

Departmentalization

the dividing of organizational functions into separate units

specialization

the division of labor into small, specific tasks and the assignment of employees to do a single task

job enrichment

the incorporation of motivational factors, such as opportunity for achievement, recognition, responsibility, and advancement, into a job

organizational layers

the levels of management in an organization

span of management

the number of subordinates who report to a particular manager

planning

the process of determining the organization's objectives and deciding how to accomplish them; the first function of management

physiological needs

those relating to the basic biological necessities of life: food, drink, rest, and shelter

the objective of negotiations with unions is

to reach a agrement about a labor contract

Lost productivity in the vacated job and an increase in the costs and time to find a new employee are side effects of

turnover

When employees quit or are fired from an organization and must be replaced by new employees it is referred to as

turnover

group

two or more individuals who communicate with one another, share a common identity, and have a common goal. Multiple choice question.

The Hawthorne studies were originally designed to study the relationship between

workplace conditions and productivity