Milady Esthetics Chapter 10 Physiology & Histology of the Skin

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Fibroblast

Cell stimulator

Rosacea

Chronic vascular disorder characterized by couperose veins & congestion of the skin

Apocrine Glands

Coiled structures attached to the hair follicles found under the arms and in the genital areas

Stratum Granulosum

Composed of cells that resemble granules & are filled with keratin

Papilary Layer

Connects the dermis to the epidermis

What effect does nicotine have on the body?

Contraction of the blood vessels

Arrector Pili Muscle

Contracts when a person is cold, causing goosebumps

Adipose Tissue

Creates protective cushion that gives contour & smoothness to the body, as well as providing source of energy for the body

Reticular Layer

Denser & deeper layer of the dermis comprised mainly of collagen & elastin

Telangiectasia

Dilation of capillary walls

Keratin

Fiber protein that provides resiliency & protection the the skin

Elastin

Fibrous protein that forms elastic tissue & gives skin its elasticity

Intercellular Matrix

Fluid formed between epidermal cells

Subcutaneous Layer

Loose connective tissue & adipose tissue found below reticular layer

Subum

Oily substance that protects the surface of the skin & lubricates both the skin & hair

Pore

Opening for a sweat gland

Epidermis

Outermost layer of skin

Where do phytoestrogens come from?

Plants

Acid Mantle

Protective barrier made up of sebum, lipids, sweat, and water

Langerhans Immune Cell

Protects the body from infection by identifying foreign material (antigens)

What are the basic material & building blocks for body tissues?

Proteins

What type of glands secrete oil?

Sebaceous

Stratum Germinativum

Single layer of basal cells laying on a "basement membrane"

Barrier Function

Skin's mechanism that protects us from irritation & intercellular transepidermal water loss (TEWL)

Stratum Spinosum

Spiny layer

Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)

Stimulates skin cells to reproduce & heal

What is the bottom layer of the epidermis?

Stratum Germinativum

Dermis

Support layer of connective tissues below the epidermis

Eccrine Glands

Sweat glands found all over the body with openings on the skin's surface through pores

Free Radicals

Take electrons from compounds in the body such as proteins, lipids or DNA

Stratum Lucidum

Thin, clear layer of dead skin cells under the stratum corneum

Stratum Corneum

Top, outermost layer of the epidermis

Ceramides

Waxy lipid molecules important to barrier function & water-holding capacity

Leukocytes

White blood cells that have enzymes to digest & kill bacteria and parasites

What color is eumelanin?

dark brown to black

What percentage of hair is comprised of hard keratin?

90%

What is NOT a method by which the body maintains thermoregulatuon?

Absorption

What is NOT a function of lymph?

Bathing the skin cells

Glycation

Binding of a protein molecule to a glucose molecule, resulting in the formation of damaged, nonfunctioning structures


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