Milady Esthetics Chapter 10 Physiology & Histology of the Skin
Fibroblast
Cell stimulator
Rosacea
Chronic vascular disorder characterized by couperose veins & congestion of the skin
Apocrine Glands
Coiled structures attached to the hair follicles found under the arms and in the genital areas
Stratum Granulosum
Composed of cells that resemble granules & are filled with keratin
Papilary Layer
Connects the dermis to the epidermis
What effect does nicotine have on the body?
Contraction of the blood vessels
Arrector Pili Muscle
Contracts when a person is cold, causing goosebumps
Adipose Tissue
Creates protective cushion that gives contour & smoothness to the body, as well as providing source of energy for the body
Reticular Layer
Denser & deeper layer of the dermis comprised mainly of collagen & elastin
Telangiectasia
Dilation of capillary walls
Keratin
Fiber protein that provides resiliency & protection the the skin
Elastin
Fibrous protein that forms elastic tissue & gives skin its elasticity
Intercellular Matrix
Fluid formed between epidermal cells
Subcutaneous Layer
Loose connective tissue & adipose tissue found below reticular layer
Subum
Oily substance that protects the surface of the skin & lubricates both the skin & hair
Pore
Opening for a sweat gland
Epidermis
Outermost layer of skin
Where do phytoestrogens come from?
Plants
Acid Mantle
Protective barrier made up of sebum, lipids, sweat, and water
Langerhans Immune Cell
Protects the body from infection by identifying foreign material (antigens)
What are the basic material & building blocks for body tissues?
Proteins
What type of glands secrete oil?
Sebaceous
Stratum Germinativum
Single layer of basal cells laying on a "basement membrane"
Barrier Function
Skin's mechanism that protects us from irritation & intercellular transepidermal water loss (TEWL)
Stratum Spinosum
Spiny layer
Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)
Stimulates skin cells to reproduce & heal
What is the bottom layer of the epidermis?
Stratum Germinativum
Dermis
Support layer of connective tissues below the epidermis
Eccrine Glands
Sweat glands found all over the body with openings on the skin's surface through pores
Free Radicals
Take electrons from compounds in the body such as proteins, lipids or DNA
Stratum Lucidum
Thin, clear layer of dead skin cells under the stratum corneum
Stratum Corneum
Top, outermost layer of the epidermis
Ceramides
Waxy lipid molecules important to barrier function & water-holding capacity
Leukocytes
White blood cells that have enzymes to digest & kill bacteria and parasites
What color is eumelanin?
dark brown to black
What percentage of hair is comprised of hard keratin?
90%
What is NOT a method by which the body maintains thermoregulatuon?
Absorption
What is NOT a function of lymph?
Bathing the skin cells
Glycation
Binding of a protein molecule to a glucose molecule, resulting in the formation of damaged, nonfunctioning structures
