Milady Esthetics Chapter 6

How many muscles are in the face

30

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in the body

31

What is the chief sensory nerve of the face

5th cranial nerve / Trifacial nerve

What is the normal resting state of the heart

72-80 beats a minute

What is the chief motor nerve of the face

7th cranial nerve

How much blood is in the human body?

8-10 pints

What is the sternum

A flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs

What gland secretes about 30 steroid hormones and control metabolic processes including fight or flight response

Adrenal gland

What do white blood cells do

Also called leukocytes; these cells destroy disease causing organisms ( immune cells )

What is the metabolic process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones

Anabolism

What are the two phases of metabolism

Anabolism and Catabolism

What is the study of the structures of the human body; can be seen with the naked eye

Anatomy

What is the scalp tendon; connects the occipitalis and frontalis

Aponeurosis

What part of the hand is supplied by the radial nerve and it's branches

Back

Where in the skull is the occipital bone located

Back

What is a nutritive fluid flowing through the circulatory system

Blood

What are platelets

Blood components that contribute to the blood-clotting process

Where in the body does the spinal cord originate

Brain

What is the primary function of the respiratory system

Breathing

What nerve affects the muscles of the mouth

Buccal Nerve

What is a key function of blood

Carrying water, oxygen, food, and secretions to the cells in the body

When, during metabolism, are complex compounds within the cells broken down into smaller ones

Catabolism

What is the basic unit of all living things; responsible for carrying out all life processes

Cells

What are cells composed of a jelly-like substance called protoplasm

Cellular construction

What is the splitting of a cell into a daughter cells; also called mitosis

Cellular division/reproduction

What is a chemical process where cells are nourished and carry out their activities

Cellular metabolism

What system controls consciousness, mental activities, and all aspects of the five senses

Central Nervous System

What are the two main parts of the Nervous system

Central and Peripheral

What part of the brain controls movement

Cerebellum

What is the part of the brain that sends most messages pertaining to thought, hearing, and sight

Cerebrum

What are two physical characteristics of lymph

Colorless and watery

What binds tissues of the body together?

Connective tissue

What are nerve fibers that extend from the nerve cells that receive impulses from other neurons

Dendrites

What is the muscular wall that controls breathing

Diaphragm

What body system is responsible for changing food into nutrients and waste

Digestive

What is defecation?

Eliminating waste from the body

What glands are ductless and secrete hormones

Endocrine glands

What body system affects the growth, development, sexual activities, and health of the body

Endocrine system

What type of tissue provides a protective covering on the body surfaces

Epithelial

What do kidneys do

Excrete water and waste products

What gland excrete substances like oil and sweat

Exocrine glands

What are lymph nodes

Gland-like structures found inside the lymphatic vessels

What nerve located on the side of the neck affects the the face, ears, neck, and parotid gland

Greater Auricular nerve

What organ circulates blood

Heart

What is the study of tiny structures found in living tissues

Histology

What are the secretions that the endocrine glands release directly into the bloodstream and that influence the welfare of the entire body

Hormones

What is the U-shaped bone often considered the Adams apple

Hyoid bone

What is the hip bone known as

Iliac crest

What is the term for taking food into the body

Ingestion

What is the moving part of the muscle

Insertion

Massage pressure should be in what direction

Insertion to origin

What body system serves as a protective covering of the body

Integumentary system

What are the two main veins of the head, face, and neck

Internal and external jugular vein

What is true of the origin of the muscle

It is attached to the skeleton

What is true of the pituitary gland

It is the most complex organ of the endocrine system

What is a connection between two or more bones of the skeleton

Joint

What is the smallest, most fragile bones of the face (front inside area of eye socket)

Lacrimal bones

What is another term for white blood cells

Leukocytes

What supplies oxygen to the blood

Lungs

What system protects the body from disease, kills disease, and drains tissues of excessive fluids

Lymphatic system

What is the largest and strongest bone in the face

Mandible

What nerve affects muscles of the chin and lower lip

Mandibular nerve

What is the process of cell reproduction called

Mitosis

What nerves carry impulses from the brain to the muscles ( pertain to movement )

Motor/Efferent Nerves

What is the primary function of the circulatory system

Moving blood through the body

What is the name of the two bones that form the bridge of the nose

Nasal

What carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body functions

Nerve tissue

What is the body system that controls and coordinates all other body systems

Nervous system

What is the primary structural unit of the nervous system

Neuron

What are the muscles that work without us consciously thinking about them( involuntary, visceral and smooth)

Non-Striated

What is the ring muscle of the eye socket; closes the eye

Orbicularis oculi

What are structures composed of specialized tissues and performing specific functions

Organs

What is the non-moving part of the muscle; attached to bone

Origin

What organ controls insulin

Pancreas

What organ in the endocrine system secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

Pancreas

What is the primary function of the reproductive system

Perpetuating the human race

What is the study of the functions and activities performed by the body structures

Physiology

What is the fluid part of the blood and lymph that carries food and secretions to the cell and carbon dioxide from the cell

Plasma

What is the neck muscle that lowers the jaw and lip

Platysma

What are the muscles that cover the bridge of the nose and cause wrinkles across the bridge of the nose

Procerus

What is the muscle that turn the hand inward so that the palm faces down

Pronators

What is the primary function of the lymphatic/immune system

Protecting the body from disease

What is the primary function of the skeletal system

Providing the physical foundation of the body

What is the primary function of the excretory system

Purifying the body by elimination of waste matter

What artery supplies blood on the thumb side and back of the hand

Radial artery

What is the function of the liver

Removing waste created by digestion

What system deals with hormonal imbalances or changes that have many affects on the skin; including acne, melasma ( form of hyperpigmentation ) and changes in amount and color of hair growth

Reproductive system

What is the muscle that draws the corner of the mouth back(grinning/smiling)

Risorius

What nerves carry impulses from the organs to the brain ( pertain to senses )

Sensory/Afferent Nerves

What is covered, shaped, and supported by the muscular system

Skeletal tissue

Why does the parathyroid gland regulate blood calcium and phosphorus levels

So the nervous and muscular system can function properly

What are glands?

Specialized organs that remove and convert elements from the blood

What organ aids the intestines in the digestion of food?

Stomach

What are valves

Structures that close a passage or permit flow in one direction only

What is osteology

Study of the bones

What is protoplasm?

Substance of which the cells of all living things are composed

What are muscles connected to the bones by

Tendons

What plays a role in pain recognition and body temperature

Thalamus and Hypothalamus

What is formed by 12 pairs of bones in the ribs

Thorax

What serves as as the protective framework for the lungs, heart and other internal organs

Thorax

What glad controls how quickly the body burns energy and makes proteins

Thyroid gland

What is a collection of similar cells that perform a particular function

Tissue

What is one reason Estheticians should study body systems, organs, and tissues

To understand the effect services have on the body

What is the thin spongy layers of bone on the outer walls of the nasal depression

Turbinal

How many identical daughter cells are formed when a cell divides during mitosis

Two

What term refers to thin-walled blood vessels that are less elastic than arteries

Veins

What are small vessels that connect capillaries to veins

Venules