Milady Esthetics Chapter 6
How many muscles are in the face
30
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in the body
31
What is the chief sensory nerve of the face
5th cranial nerve / Trifacial nerve
What is the normal resting state of the heart
72-80 beats a minute
What is the chief motor nerve of the face
7th cranial nerve
How much blood is in the human body?
8-10 pints
What is the sternum
A flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs
What gland secretes about 30 steroid hormones and control metabolic processes including fight or flight response
Adrenal gland
What do white blood cells do
Also called leukocytes; these cells destroy disease causing organisms ( immune cells )
What is the metabolic process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones
Anabolism
What are the two phases of metabolism
Anabolism and Catabolism
What is the study of the structures of the human body; can be seen with the naked eye
Anatomy
What is the scalp tendon; connects the occipitalis and frontalis
Aponeurosis
What part of the hand is supplied by the radial nerve and it's branches
Back
Where in the skull is the occipital bone located
Back
What is a nutritive fluid flowing through the circulatory system
Blood
What are platelets
Blood components that contribute to the blood-clotting process
Where in the body does the spinal cord originate
Brain
What is the primary function of the respiratory system
Breathing
What nerve affects the muscles of the mouth
Buccal Nerve
What is a key function of blood
Carrying water, oxygen, food, and secretions to the cells in the body
When, during metabolism, are complex compounds within the cells broken down into smaller ones
Catabolism
What is the basic unit of all living things; responsible for carrying out all life processes
Cells
What are cells composed of a jelly-like substance called protoplasm
Cellular construction
What is the splitting of a cell into a daughter cells; also called mitosis
Cellular division/reproduction
What is a chemical process where cells are nourished and carry out their activities
Cellular metabolism
What system controls consciousness, mental activities, and all aspects of the five senses
Central Nervous System
What are the two main parts of the Nervous system
Central and Peripheral
What part of the brain controls movement
Cerebellum
What is the part of the brain that sends most messages pertaining to thought, hearing, and sight
Cerebrum
What are two physical characteristics of lymph
Colorless and watery
What binds tissues of the body together?
Connective tissue
What are nerve fibers that extend from the nerve cells that receive impulses from other neurons
Dendrites
What is the muscular wall that controls breathing
Diaphragm
What body system is responsible for changing food into nutrients and waste
Digestive
What is defecation?
Eliminating waste from the body
What glands are ductless and secrete hormones
Endocrine glands
What body system affects the growth, development, sexual activities, and health of the body
Endocrine system
What type of tissue provides a protective covering on the body surfaces
Epithelial
What do kidneys do
Excrete water and waste products
What gland excrete substances like oil and sweat
Exocrine glands
What are lymph nodes
Gland-like structures found inside the lymphatic vessels
What nerve located on the side of the neck affects the the face, ears, neck, and parotid gland
Greater Auricular nerve
What organ circulates blood
Heart
What is the study of tiny structures found in living tissues
Histology
What are the secretions that the endocrine glands release directly into the bloodstream and that influence the welfare of the entire body
Hormones
What is the U-shaped bone often considered the Adams apple
Hyoid bone
What is the hip bone known as
Iliac crest
What is the term for taking food into the body
Ingestion
What is the moving part of the muscle
Insertion
Massage pressure should be in what direction
Insertion to origin
What body system serves as a protective covering of the body
Integumentary system
What are the two main veins of the head, face, and neck
Internal and external jugular vein
What is true of the origin of the muscle
It is attached to the skeleton
What is true of the pituitary gland
It is the most complex organ of the endocrine system
What is a connection between two or more bones of the skeleton
Joint
What is the smallest, most fragile bones of the face (front inside area of eye socket)
Lacrimal bones
What is another term for white blood cells
Leukocytes
What supplies oxygen to the blood
Lungs
What system protects the body from disease, kills disease, and drains tissues of excessive fluids
Lymphatic system
What is the largest and strongest bone in the face
Mandible
What nerve affects muscles of the chin and lower lip
Mandibular nerve
What is the process of cell reproduction called
Mitosis
What nerves carry impulses from the brain to the muscles ( pertain to movement )
Motor/Efferent Nerves
What is the primary function of the circulatory system
Moving blood through the body
What is the name of the two bones that form the bridge of the nose
Nasal
What carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body functions
Nerve tissue
What is the body system that controls and coordinates all other body systems
Nervous system
What is the primary structural unit of the nervous system
Neuron
What are the muscles that work without us consciously thinking about them( involuntary, visceral and smooth)
Non-Striated
What is the ring muscle of the eye socket; closes the eye
Orbicularis oculi
What are structures composed of specialized tissues and performing specific functions
Organs
What is the non-moving part of the muscle; attached to bone
Origin
What organ controls insulin
Pancreas
What organ in the endocrine system secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
Pancreas
What is the primary function of the reproductive system
Perpetuating the human race
What is the study of the functions and activities performed by the body structures
Physiology
What is the fluid part of the blood and lymph that carries food and secretions to the cell and carbon dioxide from the cell
Plasma
What is the neck muscle that lowers the jaw and lip
Platysma
What are the muscles that cover the bridge of the nose and cause wrinkles across the bridge of the nose
Procerus
What is the muscle that turn the hand inward so that the palm faces down
Pronators
What is the primary function of the lymphatic/immune system
Protecting the body from disease
What is the primary function of the skeletal system
Providing the physical foundation of the body
What is the primary function of the excretory system
Purifying the body by elimination of waste matter
What artery supplies blood on the thumb side and back of the hand
Radial artery
What is the function of the liver
Removing waste created by digestion
What system deals with hormonal imbalances or changes that have many affects on the skin; including acne, melasma ( form of hyperpigmentation ) and changes in amount and color of hair growth
Reproductive system
What is the muscle that draws the corner of the mouth back(grinning/smiling)
Risorius
What nerves carry impulses from the organs to the brain ( pertain to senses )
Sensory/Afferent Nerves
What is covered, shaped, and supported by the muscular system
Skeletal tissue
Why does the parathyroid gland regulate blood calcium and phosphorus levels
So the nervous and muscular system can function properly
What are glands?
Specialized organs that remove and convert elements from the blood
What organ aids the intestines in the digestion of food?
Stomach
What are valves
Structures that close a passage or permit flow in one direction only
What is osteology
Study of the bones
What is protoplasm?
Substance of which the cells of all living things are composed
What are muscles connected to the bones by
Tendons
What plays a role in pain recognition and body temperature
Thalamus and Hypothalamus
What is formed by 12 pairs of bones in the ribs
Thorax
What serves as as the protective framework for the lungs, heart and other internal organs
Thorax
What glad controls how quickly the body burns energy and makes proteins
Thyroid gland
What is a collection of similar cells that perform a particular function
Tissue
What is one reason Estheticians should study body systems, organs, and tissues
To understand the effect services have on the body
What is the thin spongy layers of bone on the outer walls of the nasal depression
Turbinal
How many identical daughter cells are formed when a cell divides during mitosis
Two
What term refers to thin-walled blood vessels that are less elastic than arteries
Veins
What are small vessels that connect capillaries to veins
Venules