Milady's Basics Of Electricity Chp. 11

Electric Current

A flow of electricity along a conductor.

Electricity

A form of energy that produces magnetic, chemical, and thermal effects.

Complete Circuit

A path of an electric current from the generating source through conductors and back to its original source

Insulator or Nonconductor

A substance that does not easily transmit electricity.

Conductor

A substance that permits electrical current to pass through it; any substance that transmits electricity.

Rectifier

An apparatus that changes alternating current to direct current.

Converter

Apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current.

Polarity

Indicates the negative or positive pole of an electric current

Galvanic Current

Most commonly used modality; constant and direct current (DC), having a positive and negative pole and producing chemical changes when it passes through the tissues and fluids of the body

Cathode

Negative electrode

Anaphoresis

process of forcing liquids into the tissues from the negative toward the positive pole

Iontophoresis

process of introducing water soluble products into the skin with the use of electric current, such as the use of the positive and negative poles of a galvanic machine

Desincrustation

process used to soften and emulsify grease deposits and backheads in the hair follicles

Fuse

special device that prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit

Circuit Breaker

switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit at the first indication of overload

Inactive Electrode

the opposite pole from the active electrode.

Visible Light

the primary source of light used in facial and scalp treatments

Blue Light

theraputic light that should only be used on bare oily skin; contains few heat rays, is the least penetrating and has some germicidal and chemical benefits

Telsa High Frequency

thermal or heat producing current with a high rate of oscillation or vibration;also called violet ray

Ohm (O)

unit that measures the resistance of an electrical current.

Infrared Rays

make up 60 percent of natural sunlight.

Ultraviolet (UV) Rays

makes up 5% of natural sunlight

Watt (W)

measurement of how much electric energy is being used in one second.

White Light

mixture of all the colors in the visible spectrum

Milliampere

one thousandth of an ampere

Kilowatt (K)

1,000 watts

Direct Current (DC)

Constant, even-flowing current that travels in one direction only.

Two types of electric current

Direct (DC) and Alternating (AC)

Electromagnetic Radiation

Energy that is transferred by electromagnetic waves. Visible light that we can see

Cataphoresis

Forces acidic substances into deeper tissues using galvanic current from the positive toward the negative pole.

Anode

Positive electrode

Alternating Current (AC)

Rapid and interrupted current, flowing first in one direction and then in the opposite direction

Wavelength

The distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves

Red Light

Theraputic light used on dry skin types in combination with oils & creams; penetrates the deepest & produces the most heat

Amp (A)

Unit that measures the amount of an electric current.

Volt (V)

Unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through a conductor.

Catalysts

Used to make reactions happen more quickly.

Four main types of electrical measurements

Voltage, Amp, Ohm and Watt

Electrode

applicator for directing the electric current from machine to clients skin

Modalities

currents used in electrical facial and scalp treatments

Active Electrode

electrode used on the area to be treated

Wall Plate

instrument that plugs into an ordinary wall outlet and produces various types of electric currents that are used for facial and scalp treatments