MIS Ch. 3

____ is used to temporarily hold small units of program instructions and data immediately before, during, and after execution by the central processing unit (CPU). a. Main memory b. A register c. The control unit d. The motherboard

A register

____ is a type of high-speed memory that a processor can access more rapidly than main memory. a. Virtual memory b. Cloud memory c. Volatile memory d. Cache memory

Cache memory

____ is a program concerned with the efficient and environmentally responsible design, manufacture, operation, and disposal of IS-related products. a. Green computing b. Grid computing c. Cloud computing d. Utility computing

Green computing

_____ is the use of a collection of computers, often owned by many people or different organizations, to work in a coordinated manner to solve a common problem. a. Cloud computing b. Grid computing c. Parallel computing d. Web computing

Grid computing

____ is a computing model in which an organization outsources the equipment used to support its business operations, including storage, hardware, servers, and networking components. a. Storage as a service b. Grid computing c. Cloud computing d. Infrastructure as a Service

Infrastructure as a Service

Which of the following statements is true of organic light-emitting diode (OLED)? a. It enables improved contrast than a liquid crystal display (LCD). b. It consumes more power than a light-emitting diode (LED). c. It employs a backlight. d. It produces dull images.

It enables improved contrast than a liquid crystal display (LCD).

Which of the following is a multiple-user system? a. Mainframe computers b. Thin client computers c. Workstations d. Nettop computers

Mainframe computers

____ is a hard disk drive storage device that is set up with its own network address and provides file-based storage services to other devices on the network. a. The motherboard b. A thin client c. A storage area network (SAN) d. Network-attached storage (NAS)

Network-attached storage (NAS)

_____ are used in standardized tests, including the SAT and GMAT tests, and to record votes in elections. a. Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) devices b. Optical mark recognition (OMR) systems c. Speech recognition devices d. Optical character recognition (OCR) systems

Optical mark recognition (OMR) systems

Explain the primary difference between random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM).

RAM is temporary and volatile while ROM is nonvolatile and provides permanent storage for data and instructions that do not change.

_____ are the most powerful computers with the fastest processing speed and highest performance. a. Blade servers b. Workstations c. Mainframe computers d. Supercomputers

Supercomputers

Which of the following statements is true of the European Union's Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive? a. The directive enables purchasers to evaluate, compare, and select electronic products based on a total of 51 environmental criteria. b. The directive ranks products according to three tiers of environmental performance: bronze, silver, and gold. c. The directive implements a plan to manage products at the beginning of their life cycle in an environmentally safe manner. d. The directive implements a plan to manage products at the beginning of their life cycle in an environmentally safe manner.

The directive implements a plan to manage products at the beginning of their life cycle in an environmentally safe manner.

____ is an advanced optical disc technology that can store up to 3.9 terabytes, roughly 75-150 times more data than the Blu-ray optical disc system although it is the same size and shape as a regular digital video disc (DVD). a. The holographic versatile disc b. The motherboard c. A compact disc read-only memory d. A magnetic disc

The holographic versatile disc

____ is the backbone of a computer, connecting all of its components including the central processing unit (CPU) and primary storage and providing connectors for peripheral devices such as printers, external hard drives, sound cards, and video cards. a. The motherboard b. A register c. A bus d. The microprocessor

The motherboard

Briefly explain the three associated elements of a central processing unit (CPU).

The three associated elements of a CPU include the arithmetic/logic unit (ALU), the control unit, and registers. The ALU performs mathematical calculations and makes logical comparisons. The control unit sequentially accesses program instructions, decodes them, and coordinates the flow of data in and out of the ALU, registers, primary storage, and even secondary storage and various output devices. The registers are high-speed storage areas that are used to temporarily hold small units of program instructions and data.

Identify three advantages of the use of solid state secondary storage devices (SSDs) over magnetic or optical media.

Three advantages of SSDs are that they require less power and provide faster access than magnetic data storage devices, and that they have no moving parts, meaning they are less fragile than hard disk drives.

____ is a storage technology for less frequently needed data that makes it appear to be stored entirely on tape cartridges, although some parts may be stored on faster hard disks. a. Magnetic disk b. Compact disc c. Virtual tape d. Cache memory

Virtual tape

____ are used to support engineering and technical users who perform heavy mathematical computing, computer-assisted design (CAD), video editing, and other applications requiring a high-end processor. a. Desktops b. Netbooks c. Workstations d. Notebooks

Workstations

A _____ is a climate-and-access-controlled building or a set of buildings that houses the computer hardware that delivers an organization's data and information services. a. data mart b. data warehouse c. data center d. data mine

data center

The process of converting human-readable data into machine-readable form is called _____. a. source data automation b. data input c. data entry d. data conversion

data entry

A(n) _____ bus enables the central processing unit (CPU) to communicate with a system's primary storage. a. back-side b. expansion c. internal d. input/output

internal

Compared with main memory, secondary storage: a. is faster. b. is less expensive. c. is more volatile. d. has less capacity.

is less expensive.

A type of memory whose contents are not lost if the power is turned off or interrupted is said to be _____. a. unarbitrary b. nonvolatile c. inaccessible d. nonadjacent

nonvolatile

A _____ is a computer employed by many users to perform a specific task, such as running network or Internet applications. a. cache b. register c. server d. bus

server

The central processing unit (CPU) and the primary storage of a computer are housed in the same box call the _____. a. processing b. motherboard c. chip set d. system unit

system unit

The faster the clock speed of the central processing unit (CPU), _____. a. the more memory is required for processing b. the more heat the processor generates c. the larger the chip size required d. the slower the machine cycle time

the more heat the processor generates

A _____ is a low-cost, centrally managed computer with no internal or external attached drives for data storage with limited capabilities. a. nettop computer b. cloud computer c. thin client d. workstation

thin client

Which of the following is related to Moore's Law? a.​ Data security b. ​​Chip manufacturing c. Secondary storage d. ​Database administration

​​Chip manufacturing