MKTG test 2 ch 7
The three major categories of influences on the consumer buying decision process are:
situational influences, social influences, and psychological influences.
Temporary and dynamic factors that result from a particular set of circumstance a consumer is facing when making purchase decisions characterize
situational involvement
When organizing perceptual inputs, people tend to mentally fill in missing elements in a pattern or statement. This principle is called
closure
Selective exposure refers to
admitting only certain inputs into consciousness.
Which American subculture spends the highest proportion of its income on utilities, footwear, children's apparel, groceries, and housing?
african americans
A social class is ...
an open aggregate of people with similar social ranking
Which of the following is the fastest growing, most affluent subculture in the United States?
asian americans
The three major types of reference groups are:
aspirational, disassociative, and membership.
problem recognition occurs when a consumer...
becomes aware that there is a difference between a desired state and an actual condition.
When shopping for detergent, Josh looks at Tide, Fresh Start, Surf, and All and chooses the one that is on sale. These four brands make up his _________ set.
consideration
Purchasers who intend to use or benefit from the purchased product and do not buy products to make profits are part of the
consumer market
If a consumer receives information that is inconsistent with her or his beliefs, the consumer may alter this information. This perceptual process is known as selective
distortion
Chloe and Max are searching for a health club to join. This purchase will likely be affected by ___________ involvement.
enduring
A group of brands that a consumer views as alternatives for possible purchase is called a(n)
evoked set
Which of the following products would probably require extended problem solving before a purchase?
expensive products
Beth Hines is buying furniture for her apartment for the first time. She is spending considerable time and effort comparing the products that different stores offer. Which type of problem-solving process is she using?
extended
For which of the following products would a consumer most likely use limited problem solving?
hair dryer
An unplanned buying behavior resulting from a powerful urge to buy something immediately is called
impulse buying
according to Maslov's hierarchy of needs..
individuals first satisfy the most basic needs and then try to fulfill needs at the next level up.
During the evaluation of alternatives stage of the consumer buying decision process, framing most likely influences the decision process of ___________ buyers.
inexperienced
Within the information search step of the consumer buying decision process, what two primary aspects exist?
internal and external search
As Jeff runs out of shaving cream, he immediately tries to remember what he did the last time this happened. He is engaging in
internal search
When Trevor realizes his liquor cabinet supply was devastated by last weekend's party, he first retrieves information from his memory about what types of liquor he and his friends like most and then asks the attractive clerk at the liquor store what she would recommend. Trevor started with a(n) _____ search and then progressed to a(n) _____ search.
internal;external
Assignment of meaning to organized information inputs is called
interpretation
Extended problem solving is the type of consumer problem-solving process that
is the most complex problem-solving behavior, which comes into play when a purchase involves unfamiliar, expensive, or infrequently bought products.
A major determining factor in deciding which type of problem-solving process should be used depends on the individual's intensity of interest in a product and the importance of the product for that person. This is known as an individual's ______
level of involvement
Jenny plans to buy a new swimsuit for her spring break cruise. She has not seen this year's styles and thus will do some comparison shopping before making a purchase decision. Jenny is engaging in
limited problem solving
when a consumer purchases products occasionally or needs information about an unfamiliar brand in a familiar product category, he or she will most likely engage in ____
limited problem solving
three most popular types of consumer problem solving are
limited problem solving, extended problem solving, and routinized response behavior.
According to Coleman's major social class categories, which of the following social classes in our culture has these characteristics: lives in well-kept neighborhoods, likes fashionable items, and is often found in management positions?
middle class
Evaluative criteria for brands within the consideration set are both
objective and subjective
Doubts in a buyer's mind about whether the purchase decision made was the right one may occur during the
post purchase evaluation
As Steve is shopping for groceries, he notices a product on the shelf and remembers that he is about to run out of it at home. In terms of the consumer buying decision process, Steve just experienced______
problem recognition
The five major stages of the consumer buying decision process, in order, are
problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase, and postpurchase evaluation.
While shopping at a Kroger grocery store, Tom sees a display of his favorite brand of diet cola. He buys a six-pack to take home for the weekend. This purchase process would be described as
routinized response behavior
When individuals choose which information inputs will reach their awareness and ignore other inputs, they are using
selective exposure
People's needs to grow, develop, and achieve their full potential are referred to by Maslow as ______ needs.
self actualization
Human requirements for love, affection, and a sense of belonging would be classified by Maslow as _____ needs.
social
___________ are situational influences that include the characteristics and interactions of others who are present when a purchase decision is being made, such as friends, relatives, and salespeople.
social surroundings
Market researchers for a local bakery determined that Jewish people consume 63 percent of the portion of bagels sold in New York City. This is an example of ___________ influence on consumer buying decision processes.
subcultural
Many aspects of consumer buying decisions are affected by the individual's level of involvement. Level of involvement is
the importance and intensity of interest in a product in a particular situation.
According to Coleman's major social class categories, the social class in our society that favors prestigious schooling, neighborhoods, and brands is the
upper class
According to Coleman's social class categories, the social class that includes approximately 40 percent of the population, shops for bargains, and buys sports and recreational equipment is the
working class