MLS 414 Exam 4

Which organism causes pharyngitis and may present just like Group A Strep pharyngitis (Strep Throat)? Arcanobacterium haemolyticum Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Gardnerella vaginalis

Arcanobacterium haemolyticum

What is the causative agent of Lyme disease? Borrelia garinii B. afzelii B. burgdorferi

B. burgdorferi

What bacterium produces colonies that are nonhemolytic, non-motile, large, gray, and flat on blood agar plate (BAP), and are sometimes referred to as a "meduasa head"? Bacillus anthracis Streptococcus pneumoniae Nocardia asteroides Listeria monocytogenes

Bacillus anthracis

What Bacillus sp. is a relatively common cause of food poisoning and opportunistic infection in susceptible hosts? Bacillus cereus B. anthracis B. asteroids B. pneumonia

Bacillus cereus

What are the hemolysis and motility results of B. cereus? Beta-hemolytic and motile Beta-hemolytic and non-motile Non-hemolytic and non-motile Non-hemolytic and motile

Beta-hemolytic and motile

Acceptable specimens during the first week of leptospirosis include which the following? Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Blood Urine Both CSF and blood

Both CSF and blood

All of the following are used to describe the gram stain of Corynebacterium spp. EXCEPT: Palisading Fence posts Chinese letters Boxcars

Boxcars

Which botulinum toxin is NOT associated with human disease? A B E C

C

Which organism can cause pseudomembranous colitis and may occur after antimicrobial treatment? C. perfingens C. tetani C. difficile

C. difficile

What organism produces a double zone of beta-hemolysis in culture, and can cause gas gangrene or food poisoning? C. perfingens C. tetani C. difficile

C. perfingens

What organism causes Parrot Fever? Chlamydophila pneumonia C. trachomatis C. psittaci

C. psittaci

Complication of Tertiary Syphilis

Central nervous system disease

What organisms are considered obligate intracellular parasites? Chlamydia Mycoplasma Ureaplasma Haemophilus

Chlamydia

What organism has been established as a risk factor for Guillain-Barré syndrome? Chlamydophila pneumoniae C. trachomatis C. psittaci C. urealyticum

Chlamydophila pneumoniae

All of the following are non-spore-forming, anaerobic, gram-positive rods except: Actinomyces Bifidobacterium Eubacterium Clostridium

Clostridium

Causes flaccid paralysis

Clostridium botulinum

What organism displays Babes-Ernest granules on a gram stain? Listeria monocytogenes Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Rhodococcus equi Corynebacterium diptheriae

Corynebacterium diptheriae

What is the causative agent of Q fever? Coxiella burnetii Anaplasma phagocytophilum Ehrlichia chaffeensis

Coxiella burnetii

An untreated patient develops tertiary syphilis how long after the initial reaction? Decades 2-3 years 1 year 5 years

Decades

What is the vector for Rocky Mountain spotted fever? Dermacentor variabilis tick Aedes aegypti mosquito Oriental rat flea

Dermacentor variabilis tick

What is the infectious form of Chlamydia organisms? Elementary Body Reticulate Body PMN with phagocytized organism

Elementary Body

What has an outer membrane similar to that of many gram-negative bacteria, with the most prominent feature being the major outer membrane protein (MOMP)? Haemophilus Reticulate body Elementary body (EB) Intracellular parasites

Elementary body (EB)

What are the organisms called that exist inside the bodies of humans and become sources of infection? Endogenous Exogenous

Endogenous

How can Nocardia spp. be presumptively identified? Strong staining with Gram stain and the presence of filamentous, branching organisms Medusa head colonies with filamentous, branching organisms present on acid-fast stain branching rod that is positive using an india ink stain Filamentous, branching organisms with a positive partial acid-fast stain, but a negative Kinyoun acid-fast stain

Filamentous, branching organisms with a positive partial acid-fast stain, but a negative Kinyoun acid-fast stain

Which organism causes Lemierre's disease? Bacteroides fragilis Propionibacterium acnes Fusobacterium necrophorum

Fusobacterium necrophorum

After 24 hours, a BAP from a vaginal culture is read. The BAP has alpha hemolytic, pinpoint, rough colonies all over the plate. A catalase test is performed, and it is negative. What organisms do these characteristics fit? Lactobacillus and viridans streptococci Diptheroids and rhocococci Staphylococcus and Listeria Corynebacterium and Arcanobacterium

Lactobacillus and viridans streptococci

Detected only through serology. Early phase: initial 4 year relapses occur and patient is infectious. Late phase: indefinite duration and sometimes no complications ever appear

Latent Syphilis

What organism is responsible for spontaneous abortion and stillborn neonates, and can cause meningitis with a fatality rate approaching 50% in newborns? Corynebacterium diphtheriae Rhodococcus equi Listeria monocytogenes Rothia dentocariosa

Listeria monocytogenes

What is the primary vector for Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis? American dog tick Lone Star tick Female Head louse

Lone Star tick

Erythema migrans is a classic sign of what? Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Lyme Disease Relapsing Fever

Lyme Disease

What disease, caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, is considered a sexually transmitted disease where the organisms enter the lymph nodes near the genital tract, resulting in bubo formation and ultimately rupturing the lymph node? Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) Trachoma Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) Conjunctivitis

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

The four major groups of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli include all the following except: Bacteroides fragilis. Porphyromonas. Prevotella. Mobiluncus.

Mobiluncus.

What are the hemolysis and motility results of B. anthracis? Beta-hemolytic and motile Beta-hemolytic and non-motile Non-hemolytic and non-motile Non-hemolytic and motile

Non-hemolytic and non-motile

Useful test for only primary and secondary stage syphilis

Nontreponemal test

What structure is responsible for motility in spirochetes? Axiles Periplasmic flagella Flexible cell wall Compressed nucleus

Periplasmic flagella

Chancre at infection site

Primary Syphilis is defined by

What organism causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever? Rickettsia prowazakii R. typhi R. canada R. rickettsii

R. rickettsii

The chigger is a vector for what? Murine typhus Scrub typhus Boutonneuse Fever

Scrub typhus

2 to 12 weeks after chancre appearance. Widespread macular rash in palms and soles of feet

Secondary Syphilis

What is the primary method used to screen for syphilis infections? Microscopy Serologic Culture Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA)

Serologic

Anaerobes outnumber aerobes in all of the following locations except: Skin Oral cavity Gastrointestinal (GI) tract genitourinary tract

Skin

What type of bacteria are in the genus Clostridium? Anaerobic cocci Spore-forming anaerobic rods Spore-forming anaerobic cocci Anaerobic bacill

Spore-forming anaerobic rods

Late complications of syphilis involving many organs

Tertiary (Late) Syphilis

What do clue cells indicate? bacterial vaginosis caused by Gardnerella vaginalis Meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes Pharyngitis caused by Archanobacterium haemolyticum

bacterial vaginosis caused by Gardnerella vaginalis

Chlamydia trachomatis produces all the following conditions in adult women except: pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). salpingitis. bacterial vaginosis. endometritis.

bacterial vaginosis.

What is caused in 60% of patients in Stage 1 of B. Burgdorferi?

bulls-eye rash

All of the following are complications of tertiary syphilis except: gummas in the skin, bones, and liver. encephalitis. cardiovascular abnormalities aortic valve insufficiency.

encephalitis.

An obligate anaerobe is an organisms that: requires some oxygen but moderate concentrations of CO2 to live. requires small amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide to live. is killed in the presence of oxygen. can live with very little oxygen.

is killed in the presence of oxygen.

All of the following are urogenital infections in men, produced by Chlamydia trachomatis except: epididymitis. orchitis. prostatitis. nongonococcal urethritis (NGU).

orchitis

Where on the body is the secondary syphilis rash typically seen? Chest and back back and soles buttocks and palms palms and soles

palms and soles

All of the following symptoms are characteristic of Weil's disease except: pneumonia. renal failure. hepatic failure. intravascular disease.

pneumonia.

Useful test for all stages of syphilis, although more effective for secondary and late stages

Treponemal test

What kind of motility does Listeria monocytogenes exhibit? Swarming motility Umbrella motility Gliding motility It is non-motile

Umbrella motility

What is the only gram negative cocci? Peptostreptotococcus spp. Veillonella spp. Bacteroides spp.

Veillonella spp.

What is a Leptospira infection called when it becomes a severe systemic disease? Niemann-Pick Bordet-Gengou Gaucher's disease Weil's disease

Weil's disease

What is the severe, systemic disease caused by Leptospies that may be fatal? Weil's disease Addison's disease Lyme disease

Weil's disease

chronic nonvenereal disease

Yaws

What characteristic does Listeria monocytogenes possess that makes deli meat potentially dangerous for pregnant women? Ability to grow without oxygen Ability to grow at cold temperatures Ability to grow at warm temperatures Antimicrobial resistance

Ability to grow at cold temperatures

How are suspected colonies of anaerobes processed? gram stain morphology is noted an aerotolerance test is set up A pure culture/subculture plate is inoculated and appropriate disks are added All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is true about Nocardia spp.? These organisms grow well on standard nonselective media. Growth may take a week or more. Infections occur in immunocompromised patients. All of the above

All of the above

Diseases caused by rickettsial organisms are typically transmitted to man by: Ingestion of contaminated food An arthropod vector Animal bites Inhalation of aerosols

An arthropod vector