MNGT Test 2

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Chain of Command

1. unity of command 2. scalar principle unbroken like of authority that links all employees and shows who reports to whom

Exploration, Cooperation, Innovation Roles

Three Innovation Strategies for New Products and Technologies

Organization Chart

You would study a business's _________ to see a visual representation of its vertical structure, including the chain of command.

Centralization

decision authority is at the top

Decentralization

decision authority is pushed downward

talent management

how to manage employees once you hire them

ambidextrous approach

incorporating processes that are appropriate for both the creative impulse and the systematic implementation of innovations

performance appraisal

observing and assessing employee performance and providing feedback

Civil Rights Act Title VII 1964

prohibits discrimination in employment on the basis of race, religion, color, sex, or national origin

new-venture fund

provides financial resources to develop new ideas

Re-engineering

radical redesign of practices to achieve dramatic improvements

innovation by acquisition

recognizing that innovation often happens with young, small, entrepreneurial companies

affirmative action

requires that an employer take positive steps to guarantee equal employment

skunkworks

separate, small, informal, highly autonomous and often secretive group that focuses of breakthrough ideas

job description

summary of specific tasks, duties, responsibilities

job analysis

systematic process of gathering information

recruiting

talent acquisition

Delegation

transferring authority and responsibility to positions below them

OD stages

unfreezing, changing, refreezing

croudsourcing

using internet to let others contribute

Strategy

what to do

functional structure

whole company has different activities organized at top of org.

line authority

your manager has ___________ when he has the right to tell you what work to do and to hold you accountable for doing it

Responsibility

duty to perform the task as assigned

Unity of command

each employee is held accountable to only one supervisor

human capital

economic value of the combined knowledge, experience, skills, and capabilities of employees

large group intervention

entire system, fast brings together participants from all parts of the organization

Occupational Safety and Health Act OSHA

establishes mandatory safety and health standards in organizations

open innovation

extending the search for new ideas beyond boundaries of organization and industry

virtual network structure

firm subcontracts most of its major functions

human resource planning

forecasting of HR needs (how many to hire at each level)

Authority

formal and legitimate right of a manager to make decisions

Negotiation

formal bargaining

Organization structure

formal reporting relationships (lines of authority, decision responsibility, number of hierarchical levels, span of control, etc.)

relational coordination

highest level of horizontal coordination - frequent, timely problem-solving communication

Discrimination

hiring and promotion decisions are based on criteria that is not job relevant

promote from within

how do many organizations fill high level positions

Organizing

how to do it - deployment of organizational resources to achieve strategic goals

Disruptive innovation

innovations that typically start small and end up completely replacing an existing product or service

Changing

intervention - when individuals experiment with new behavior and skills

collaboration

joint effort b/t two or more departments

Unfreezing

makes people aware of problems

Old, Tall Structure

more levels of management after president

matrix approach

multiple managers - combines functional and divisional

New, flat structure

president, then one level of management

Staff authority

right to advise, recommend, and counsel - not formal authority

organizational development

specific problem or group, gradual planned, systematic process of change that helps with mergers, revitalization, etc.

structured interviews

standardized questions to compare applicants similarly

development

teaching people broader skills

training

teaching people how to perform tasks

disruptive approach

the smartphone, which essentially put a computer in people's pockets, is an example of ___________ because it has replaced other technologies.

human capital, customer relationships, product and service innovation

top three factors for maintaining competitive success

fear of personal loss

what is the biggest obstacle to organizational change

Refreezing

when individuals acquire new attitudes or values

Exploration

- creativity -bottom up approach -internal contests -idea incubators

Cooperation

-horizontal coordination mechanisms -customers, partners -open innovation

Innovation Roles

-idea champions -new venture teams -skunkworks -new venture fund

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

EEOC

blind hiring

Focuses managers on an applicant's job skills and performance rather than educational credentials, appearance, or prior experience.

Line authority

Formal authority to direct and control

change agent

OD specialist that performs systematic diagnosis of organization to identify problems

Accountability

People with authority and responsibility are subject to reporting to those above them

Family and medical leave act

Requires that employers provide 12 weeks of unpaid leave for medical and family reasons, including paternity and illness of a family member.

Responsibility

When your manager assigns you a task, you have the _________ to carry out that task as assigned.

coordination

adjusting and synchronizing diverse activities b/t individuals and departments

strategic HRM approach

all managers are involved in managing human resources

people change

change that concerns a few employees

culture change

change that concerns the organization as a whole

scalar principle

clearly defined lines of authority

employment tests

cognitive ability, physical ability

divisional structures

company divided into multiple division each with their own activities organized within the division


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