Module 04 - Operating Systems & File Management

How do you know if a device is an input device or an output device?

An input device enters data and instructions into the memory of the device. An output device is how the processed information is displayed.

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

GUIs are based on graphical objects, where each object represents a task, command, or object. Controls how you interact with menus, windows, and icons by touching, pointing, tapping, or clicking buttons and other input devices to issue commands.

What happens when you delete a folder?

It goes the Recycle Bin or Trash folder.

Why is the date a file was modified useful?

It identifies the most recent version.

You and your friend both send documents to the printer, but the printer can only print one document at a time. What does it do with the other document?

It places the document in a buffer.

If you delete a shortcut from your desktop, have you also deleted the original file?

No, because a shortcut does not place the actual file, folder, or app on the desktop.

An operating system is also called a(n) _____.

Platform

Paging

The technique of swapping items between memory and storage. Very time-consuming process and slows the operating system down.

What is the main purpose of an operating system?

To coordinate the resources and activities on a computer.

Where can you pin frequently used apps for easy access?

To the taskbar

How is an executable file different from a data file?

Unlike a data file, you cannot open and read executable files.

Platform

another name for an operating system (OS). More so the type of OS such as iOS or Android.

Input

any instructions or data that is entered into the device, into the RAM.

Executable File

contains the instructions your computer or device needs to run programs and apps. Unlike a data file, you cannot open and read an executable file. You run it to perform a task, such as opening a program or app.

Data file

contains words, numbers, and pictures that you can manipulate. For example, a spreadsheet, a database, a presentation, and a word processing document all are data files.

Bootstrap program

executes a series of tests to check the components, including the RAM, keyboard, and storage, and identifies connected devices and checks their settings.

Disk Cleanup Utility

finds and removes unnecessary files, such as temporary Internet files or files in the Recycle Bin. Disk optimization utilities free up disk space by reorganizing data. Recycle Bin, or Trash folder, is another type of disk utility.

Deleting a Folder

folder or file goes to another type of disk utility called the Recycle Bin or Trash folder. When you move a file to the Recycle Bin or Trash, it still takes up storage space, but no longer appears in the folder or location where it was created. The file only is permanently deleted when you empty the folder or run a disk cleanup utility. Or your computer will write over the original file as open storage space and write over it with a new file.

Shortcut Menu

is a list of frequently used commands that relate to an object, typically displayed by right-clicking; the commands on a shortcut menu are related to the item you right-clicked.

Shortcut command

is the type of document it is, and tells you at the end of the file name such as .docx or .pdf

Boot Process

series of steps that your computer or device go through before you interact with the operating system. 1. The computer receives power from the power supply or battery and sends it to the circuitry. 2. The processor runs the bootstrap program. 3. The bootstrap program executes a series of tests to check the components. 4. The computer loads the operating system files into RAM, including the kernel. 5. The computer loads the system configuration information and loads startup programs.

Which of the following can you run to find and remove unnecessary files?

Disk Cleanup Utility

Samantha has a file named vacation.jpg. What type of file is it?

Graphics File

Folder names should _____.

Identify the content and purpose of the folder.

Output

Input information processed into a useful form. Output is the goal of input.

How can you display the main folders on a Windows computer?

Open File Manager

File Manager or Finder

Operating system's management tool. Helps you to navigate, open, create, delete, reorder, and move files or folders on your computer.

Output Device

Output formats include text, graphics, audio, video, or any combination of these. Output methods include speakers, headphones, interactive whiteboards, screen displays, and printers.

Swapping items between memory and storage is called _____.

Paging

What is the most common type of volatile memory?

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Operating System (OS)

Responsible for coordinating the resources and activities on a computer. Manages interactions between hardware and software. Also manages memory. Is like the policemen managing the flow of traffic.

When does the boot process start?

When you turn on your computer.

Which of the following is an advantage to saving a file to a flash drive?

You can take it with you and then work on it on another computer.

Folder Names

is a named location on a storage medium that usually contains related documents. Related files are stored in folders.

Kernel

is the core of an operating system. It manages memory, runs programs, and assigns resources.

Taskbar

or Apple Doc, is where you can pin frequently used apps for easy access.

Headphones

output device

Active Window

the current webpage or window being used.

Graphics File

type of file format that can be opened in multiple programs or apps. Often using the file extension (.jpg), (.png), or (.tif).

On a desktop, the _____ is the window you are currently using, and it appears in front of any other open windows.

Active Window

A(n) _____ contains the instructions your computer or device needs to run programs and apps.

Executable File

_____ is data and instructions entered into the memory of a device.

Input

What type of window are you opening when you click the Start button on the Windows desktop, and then click the name of an app?

Program Window

What would you need to install if you have an app that is incompatible with your current operating system?

A Virtual Machine

Buffer & Spooling

A buffer is an area of memory that stores data and information waiting to be sent to an input or output device. Placing data into a buffer is called spooling. An example of spooling is when a document is sent to the buffer while it waits for the printer to be available. If a computer or device is slow in accepting or providing input or output, the operating system uses buffers.

How are desktop and mobile operating systems similar? A. Both are designed to work on desktops and laptops, as well as smartphones and tablets. B. Both feature a graphical user interface (GUI). C. Both are optimized to work with limited memory and processing power. D. Both are optimized to work with limited battery life and feature touchscreen GUIs.

B. Both feature a graphical user interface (GUI).

File Properties

Every file has properties that include the file's: name, type or format, location, and size.

Which of the following is not an input device?

Headphones (Without microphone)

What does an operating system provide so you can interact with a device?

INCORRECT: Platform Possible Answer: (GUI) Graphical User Interface

A(n) _____ is a small picture that represents a program, file, or hardware device.

Icon

Input Device

Interaction with touchscreen, or using keyboard. Mouse, game controllers, microphones & webcams, and card readers.

Date Modified

Is the date that the file was last modified and is part of every file's properties. The modified date is useful If you have several versions of a file and want to identify the most recent version.