Module 1 Problem Set Quiz

The length of a table is reported as 125 ± 0.5cm. What is the percent uncertainty?

(.5/125) x 100 = 0.4%

How many g are equal to 0.0278 kg?

(0.0278kg)(1kg/1000g) = 27.8g

How many mm are equal to 0.0379 m?

(0.0379m)(1000mm/1m) = 37.9mm

If you are traveling at 56.4 kph, how fast are you traveling in m/s?

(56.4 kph)(1000m/1km)(1hr/60min)(1min/60s) = 15.7m/s

The mass of a bag of flour is 2.35 kg ± 6%. What is the absolute uncertainty?

(6/100)(2.35kg) = 0.14 kg

If you are traveling at 734 m/s, how fast are you traveling in km/s?

(734m/s)(1km/1000m) = 0.734 km/s

How many dm are equal to 75 m?

(75m)(10dm/1m) = 750dm

The time for a drag race is 75.5s ± 8%. What is the absolute uncertainty?

(8/100) (75.5) = 6.0s

How many Ms are equal to 9,045,000 cs?

(9,045,000cs)(1s/100cs)(1Ms/1,000,000s) =.09045 cs

Convert the following numbers with a prefix to the unit without a prefix. 1.) 1 km = ? m 2.) 1 ms = ? s 3.) 1 dg = ? g 4.) 1 hs = ? s 5.) 1 cm = ? m

1. 1 km = 1000 m 2. 1 ms = 0.001 s 3. 1 dg = 0.1 g 4. 1 hs = 100 s 5. 1 cm = .01 m

Using Table 1.2, answer the following questions: 1. What is the approximate mass of the Sun? 2. What is the approximate diameter of a hydrogen atom? 3. What is the approximate duration of a nerve impulse? 4. What is the approximate mass of a mosquito? 5. What is the approximate length of a football field? 6. What is the approximate age of the universe?

1. 10^30 2. 10^-10 3. 10^-3 4. 10^-5 5. 10^2 6. 10^18

Classical physics is an excellent approximation as long as three things are true. What are those things?

1. Matter must be moving at speeds less than about 1% of the speed of light. 2. The objects dealt with must be large enough to be seen with a microscope. 3. Only weak gravitational fields, such as the field generated by Earth, can be involved.

Match the statement with the best term to describe it. 1.) The chair will support me when I sit on it because it looks strong. (belief, technology, science) 2.) Using the principle of cushioning we can make a more comfortable chair. (belief, technology, science) 3.) Using the principle of tensile strength, we can show people how the chair supports someone when he or she sits on it. (belief, technology, science) 4.) Using the equations for kinematics we can determine that when we drop the chair it will start with an acceleration of 9.8 m/s2. (belief, technology, science)

1. belief 2. technology 3. science 4. science

The list below contains physical quantities and units. Identify which ones are physical and which ones are units. 1. distance (quantities/units) 2. kilogram (quantities/units) 3. mass (quantities/units) 4. meter (quantities/units) 5. second (quantities/units) 6. time (quantities/units)

1. quantities 2. unit 3. quantities 4. unit 5. unit 6. quantities

Convert the following values into scientific notation. 1.) 0115 m 2.) 5 s 3.) 000485 g 4.) 920,000 s 5.) 00743 m

1.) 1.15 x 10^-2 m 2.) 5 x 10 s 3.) 4.85 x 10^-4 g 4.) 9.2 x 10^5 s 5.) 7.43 x 10^-3 m

What are the orders of magnitude of the following numbers? 1.) 245 2.) 0912 3.) 501,000 4.) 000297 5.) 64,500,000 6.) 35 x 10^-3 7.) 27 x 10^12 8.) 71 x 10^-6 9.) 47 x 10^21 10.) 24 x 10^-2

1.) 245 = 10^2 2.) 0912 = 10^-2 3.) 501,000 = 10^5 4.) 000297 = 10^-4 5.) 64,500,000 = 10^7 6.) 35 x 10^-3 = 10^-3 7.) 27 x 10^12 = 10^12 8.) 71 x 10^-6 = 10^-6 9.) 47 x 10^21 = 10^21 10.) 24 x 10^-2 = 10^-2

Convert the following numbers without a prefix to one that has a prefix. 1.) 5,000,000 m = ? 2.) 07 s = ? 3.) 400 g = ? 4.) 2 m = ? 5.) 6,000 s = ?

1.) 5,000,000 m = 5 Mm 2.) 07 s = 7 cs 3.) 400 g = 4 hg 4.) 2 m = 2 dm 5.) 6,000 s = 6 ks

Determine the number of significant figures in the following numbers: 1.) 935 2.) 2500 3.) 904,500 4.) 299,792,458 5.) 3.00 6.) 4,005 7.) 0.020030 8.) 4.500 9.) 9.010

1.) 935 - 3 SF 2.) 2500 - 2 SF 3.) 904,500 - 4 SF 4.) 299,792,458 - 9 SF 5.) 3.00 - 3 SF 6.) 4,005 - 4 SF 7.) 0.020030 - 5 SF 8.) 4.500 - 4 SF 9.) 9.010 - 4 SF

You go to the hardware store and purchase five 2 X 4 X 8 pieces of wood. A 2 X 4 X 8 is 2 inches wide, 4 inches high, and 8 feet long. You measure the length of each of the pieces of wood and obtain the following measurements: 8.02 ft 7.96 ft 7.98 ft 8.07 ft 7.92 ft Determine the absolute uncertainty and the percent uncertainty.

Average uncertainty: 8 - 7.92 = .08 ft Percent uncertainty: .08/8 x 100 = 1%

In an experiement, you show that as you increase the force acting on an object, the acceleration of the object also increases. This is an example of which proportion?

Direct proportion

True or False: In general, a law is much more complex and dynamic than a theory.

FALSE. Theories are broader in scope. Usually laws and principles are for specific systems.

The length of a board is reported as 150 ± 5cm. If you were to measure this board, what is the largest possible value that you could expect the get? What is the smallest?

Largest - 150cm + 5cm = 155cm Smallest - 150 - 5cm = 145cm

Quantum mechanics deals with objects that are how big?

Objects smaller than can be seen with a microscope.

What is the current definition of the second?

One second is the time it takes cesium atoms to vibrate 9,192,631,770 times.

Modern physics is comprised of two revolutionary theories. What are they?

Relativity Quantum mechanics

What is the current definition of the kilogram?

The kilogram is now defined in terms of the second, the meter, and Planck's constant (h).

What is the current definition of the meter?

The meter is defined as the distance that light travels in a vacuum 1/299,792,458 of a second.

A __________ is an explanation for patterns in nature that is supported by scientific evidence and verified multiple times by various groups of researchers.

Theory

Under what condition must we use relativity?

When the speed of an object is above 1% of the speed of light.

What is an acceptance that a statement is true, even without any evidence to support that statement?

a belief

Which of the following usually can be a mental image of an observation of nature? a. model b. theory c. law

a. model

What term refers to the closeness of a measurement to the correct value of that measurement?

accuracy

Which of the following usually can be represented by equations? a. model b. theory c. law

all of the above

Which one of the following is not just one description of a pattern in nature, but rather several descriptions of related observations that give rise to a bigger picture of patterns in nature? a. model b. theory c. law

b. theory

What is defined as prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair?

bias

There are two kinds of basic proportionalities in science. From the list below, select the name of these two types of scientific proportionalities. a. direct proportion b. indirect proportion c. inverse proportion

both a and c

Besides factors that are unique to the situation, the factors contributing to uncertainty in a measurement include: a. limitations in the measuring device b. the skill of the person making the measurement c. both a and b d. neither

c. both a and b

What is the best practice when making measurements in science? a. be accurate with those measurements b. be precise with those measurements c. both a and b d. neither

c. both a and b

Physics as it developed from the Renaissance to the end of the 19th century is called __________.

classical physics

What kind of units are combinations of other units?

derived

Physics is concerned with describing the interactions of __________, __________, __________, and __________.

energy, matter, space, and time

Science is the search for relationships that __________ and __________ natural phenomena.

explain, predict

There are two kinds of units, what are they called?

fundamental, derived

In an experiment you drop a ball and time how long it takes for it to fall to the ground. You then drop the ball again from a higher height and time it again. You continue and each time you increase the height and how long it takes to fall. In every trial, you use the same ball. For this experiment, match the type of variable below. Height of drop (IV,DV,CV) Mass of ball (IV,DV,CV) Time of fall (IV,DV,CV)

height of drop - independent variable mass of ball - control variable time of fall - dependent variable

What are the six steps of Karl Pearson's scientific method?

identify the problem, gather information, form a hypothesis, expand the hypothesis, test the hypothesis, and evaluate the hypothesis.

As you increase the pressure on a gas, the volume of the gas decreases. This is an example of which proportion?

inverse proportion

A __________ is a generalized rule used to explain observations of the natural world.

law

There are seven fundamental units. What are they?

meter, kilogram, second, ampere, candela, kelvin, mole

A __________ is a representation of something that is often too difficult to display directly.

model

The revolutionary discoveries made starting at the beginning of the 20th century led to a collection of physics principles __________.

modern physics

The ancient Greeks did not study physics as a separate discipline; rather it was incorporated along with other modern disciplines into one area of study called what?

natural philosophy

A __________ is a property of an object that can be measured.

physical quantity

A good hypothesis is both __________ and __________.

plausible and testable

What term refers to the agreement of several measurements to each other?

precision

What is a systematic process to find the solution to a problem?

scientific method

What is science applied to meet society's needs and goals?

technology

A __________ is a definite value of a physical quantity.

unit

The mass of a block of wood is reported as 275 ± 11cm. What is the percent uncertainty?

x 100% = 4.0%