Module 1: The Materials of Music (test 1)
** 1 (twin-kle, twin-kle, lit-tle star)
**In the following image, click the example that is in duple meter. Remember, the numbers below the text refer to the beats in the measure.
** 4 (My coin-try 'tis ofthee, Sweet land of li- - ber-ty.)
**In the following image, click the example that is in triple meter. Remember, the numbers below the text refer to the beats in the measure.
** 2 (a-las my love, you do me wrong, to cast me off dis-cour-teous-ly,)
**In the following image, click the line that is in sextuple meter. Remember, the numbers below the text refer to the beats in the measure.
** chords
**What are the circled sections?
Triple Meter
Basic pattern. Has three beats to a measure- One strong beat and two weak ones. ONE two three. Traditionally associated with dances such as the waltz and the minuet.
All music has a strong, discernable beat. True/False
False
Consonance creates a sense of suspense that is only resolved with dissonance. True/False
False
Historically, harmony and melody developed simultaneously. True/False
False
Melody constitutes the vertical aspect of music, and harmony constitutes the horizontal aspect. True/False
False
Several rhythmic patterns that conflict with the underlying beat occurring simultaneously is called polyphony. True/False
False
The first accented beat of each metric pattern is known as the offbeat. True/False
False
Which of the following is a tradition in live Western "classical" music performances?
Is a tradition in live Western classical performances: -knowing when to clap -the formal attire the performers wear Is NOT a tradition in live Western classical performances: -audience participation on the stage
Melody= Harmony=
Melody= horizontal dimension Harmony= vertical perspective
Nonmetric
Music that moves without any strong sense of beat or meter.
When is the best time to arrive at a "classical" concert?
at least twenty minutes before the performance is scheduled to begin
There are certain traditions surrounding concerts and concert-going: these include the performers' _________, the appropriate time to _________, and time to move from your _________.
attire applaud seat
Sextuple meter is also known as ___________ meter.
compound duple
What term is usually used to refer to the first-chair violinist in an orchestra?
concertmaster
Each melody is unique in _____________ (how it moves up and down) and in ____________ (span of pitches).
contour range
Accents on the weak beats create syncopation. True/False
True
A melody may be accompanied by a secondary melody, or a _______________.
countermelody (literally "against a melody")
In Western music two scales—major and minor—have been predominant. True/False
True
Which of the following best describes the harmony in this excerpt? Haydn, Symphony No. 94 Surprise, II5:32
mostly consonant
What are the sections of a symphony known as?
movements
In most Western music, each measure contains a fixed number of beats, and the __________ beat gets the strongest accent.
down
In most Western music, each measure contains a fixed number of beats, and the _________________ beat gets the strongest accent.
down
Measures often begin with a strong _________
downbeat
In some Asian cultures, harmony consists of a single sustained pitch called a:
drone
Simple Meters
duple, triple, and quadruple--are the most common. each beat is divided into two.
In triple meter, the accent is typically on the first beat. True/False
True
The development of harmony is central in Western art music. True/False
True
The most common chord in Western music is a triad, which consists of three pitches built on alternate notes of the scale. True/False
True
Which of the following are true of dissonance?
True About Dissonance: -Dissonance adds a sense of drama and tension in music -The combination of dissonant tones sounds unstable NOT True About Dissonance: -The combination of dissonant tones sounds stable -Dissonance adds a sense of relaxation in music
Which of the following are true about scales?
True About Scales: -The distance between the first and last notes of a scale is called an octave -Most Western music is based on major or minor scales NOT True About Scales: -Melody and harmony are derived independently of scales -The tonic (or, do) is the least important note of the scale
Staff
five parallel lines where notes (the symbol for each pitch) are placed
Melody and ________ do not function ________ of one another. On the contrary, each ________ influences the other.
harmony independently constantly
How do performers of "classical" music ensembles typically dress?
in black formal wear
At a concert, there is usually a break when you can move around. What is this break called?
intermission
Meter, marked in ___________ (or bars), organizes the ___________ in music.
measures beats
Duple Meter
most basic pattern. alternates a strong downbeat with a weak beat. ONE two, ONE two or LEFT right, LEFT, right.
Additive Rhythms
Where larger patterns are built from combinations like 2+3+3(=8), rather than recurring patterns of two or three. Typical of Indian classical music.
Melody is the horizontal dimension in music, while harmony adds ________ perspective.
vertical
Rhythm
what moves music forward in time
In addition to the _________ being performed, the program may include short notes about each composition and _________ sketches about the soloist and _________.
works biographical conductor
Some music is __________, with an obscured pulse.
nonmetric
Which term is used to describe music that moves without a strong sense of beat?
nonmetric
Harmony is defined as the simultaneous combination of ________, which results in intervals and ________.
notes chords
Frequency
number of vibrations per second
In a concert in which a symphony is performed, when is the audience generally expected to clap?
only at the end of the final movement
Which term describes a collection of pitches arranged in ascending and descending order?
scale
*Which term best describes the meter of the song Tonight, from Bernstein's West Side Story? (Hint: The beat is divided into twos.) Simple/Compound?
simple
What is created when the accent is shifted to a weak beat or an offbeat?
syncopation
Which of the following determines the tonality of a piece?
the scale chosen by the composer
Phrases
the units that make up a melody. phrases end in resting places called cadences.
In simple meters the beat is divided into two, and in compound meters the beat is divided into how many?
three
The ________ is the first and central note of a scale. The principle of organization around a central note is called ________.
tonic tonality
The most common type of chord in Western music is the:
triad
An accented beat followed by two weak beats indicates a ___________ meter.
triple
When a melody does not begin on the first beat (or downbeat), it is said to begin on a(n):
upbeat
Polyrhythm
"many rhythms"
Compound Meter vs. Simple Meter
Compound Meter: ONE-and-a, TWO-and-a Simple Meter: ONE-and, two-and
Sextuple Meter
Compound duple. Six beats to the measure. Two main beats that divides into three. ONE-and-a, TWO-and-a. Marked by a gently flowing effect. Often found in lullabies and nursery rhymes.
Conjunct vs. Disjunct
Conjunct: a melody that moves in small, connected intervals Disjunct: a melody that moves by leaps, many wide leaps
Quadruple Meter
Contains four beats to the measure. Primary accent on the first beat and a secondary accent on the third. Usually has a broader feeling than duple meter.
Which of the following are true of harmony?
Correct Answer(s): -The most common chord in Western music is the triad -Harmony is derived from scales -Chords occur when three or more notes are sounded simultaneously Incorrect Answer(s): -Harmonic practices are identical today to what they were a millennium ago
Which of the following create rhythmic complexity in music?
Correct Answer(s): -accented offbeats -polyrythm -syncopation Incorrect Answer(s): -a strong regular pulse
At the concert, what information does a program provide and what does it not provide?
Provided in concert program: -the pieces on the concert -the names of the performers Not provided in concert program: -the music notation for the night's concert
Which of the following are terms that can be used to label a piece of music that is composed and which are not?
Term for composed music: -work -piece Not a term for composed music: -orchestra -conductor
Which is a characteristic of consonance? a. stability b. introduction of conflict c. creates suspense d. instability
a (stability)
Syncopation
a deliberate upsetting of the normal patterns of accents
Melody
a line, or the tune, in music
Which of the following meters can only be classified as compound? a. duple b. quadruple c. sextuple d. triple
c (sextuple)
Three or more tones sounded together produce a(n):
chord
Rhythmic complexities occur with:
offbeats syncopation polyrhythm
Which of the following is NOT true of tonality? a. The first note of the scale is the tonic b. In Western music between the late seventeenth and early twentieth centuries, the main types of tonality were major and minor c. It is a principle of musical organization d. Each scale sounds identical to the other scales
d (each scale sounds identical to the other scales)
Which term best describes a combination of tones that sounds discordant or in need of resolution?
dissonance
Range
distance between the lowest and highest notes. This span can be very narrow, as in an easy children's song, or very wide, as in some melodies played on an instrument.
Tone Color (or timbre)
distinguishes voices from instruments, a trumpet from a clarinet, etc.
Compound Meters
divide each beat into three (rather than two)
Syllables in the order they appear in a major scale:
do re me fa sol la ti do
Interval
the distance between any two pitches
Downbeat
the first accented beat of each pattern. referring to the downward stroke of a conductor's hand.