Module 19: The nonvisual senses

The coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses is called the:

cochlea

Which sequence correctly arranges the structures of the inner ear from the largest and most inclusive to the smallest and most specific?

cochlea > basilar membrane > hair cells

As John was leaving the rock concert, he was unable to hear his friend talking next to him in the normal conversational tone of _____ decibels because the music had been well over 130 decibels.

60

Sandra is at a social gathering with a lot of good friends. She will likely feel that the temperature in the room is warmer than her friend who is feeling excluded. This phenomenon is called:

embodied cognition.

Lucy is convinced she senses the odor of rotten eggs, but no one in the house can detect the odor. Lucy's sensation is known as:

phantom smells

With respect to the sensory systems, the cerebellum is involved:

in the vestibular sense and kinesthesia.

Phantom limb sensations and other experiences of amputees show that the brain can produce pain in the absence of:

normal sensory input.

Kari is a fan of heavy metal music. Her mother is concerned because she knows that prolonged exposure to earsplitting music can cause:

sensorineural hearing loss.

One sense influencing the perception of another is known as:

sensory interaction.

Given what is known about the relationship between distraction and pain, if Charlene is trying to pick the BEST hospital room for a loved one who is in a great deal of pain, she should pick:

shared room with television and window

The middle ear contains a structure called the:

stirrup

In a condition called _____, one sort of sensation, such as hearing sound, produces another, such as seeing color.

synesthesia

George sees the sound of a trumpet as a pointed, triangular shape. George's experience BEST exemplifies a condition called:

synesthesia.

Fifty-year-old Jack finds that he really enjoys the taste of scotch, whiskey, mushrooms, strong peppers, and onions, but his 21-year-old son does not. The reason for this difference in taste is likely due to:

the number of taste buds in the mouth that decreases with age.

The pain system differs from the visual system in that:

there are multiple stimuli that trigger pain.

Perceiving remote events is to perceiving future events as _____ is to _____.

clairvoyance; precognition

The _____ theory claims that hypnosis causes a split in consciousness.

dissociation

_____ refers to our sense of smell.

Olfaction

The sense of _____ is called audition.

hearing

Retina is to _____ as _____ is to hair cell.

rod and cone; cochlea

The ability to see future events before they happen is known as:

precognition.

Which statement BEST defines hypnosis?

It is a cooperative social interaction in which the hypnotized person responds to the hypnotist's suggestions; it can be used to reduce pain.

When we see the mouth movements for ga while hearing ba we may perceive da. This BEST illustrates the _____ effect.

McGurk

Morrie has had a cold for five days, and his nose is so stuffy that he cannot smell anything. When he drinks his coffee, he finds that it is tasteless. What is the MOST likely reason for this?

To savor a taste, we need to breathe the aroma through our nose.

Research on many wine drinkers demonstrated that:

a wine's price has a top-down influence on its perceived taste.

When people are told that a bottle of wine is much more expensive than it really is, they are likely to:

believe it tastes better than it would otherwise.

Tania was running outside and she felt a sensation on her leg and stopped to look. She saw a large red bump that she deduced was caused by getting stung by an insect. This deduction seemed only to increase her anxiety and pain. The influence of the sting itself on Tania's pain is a _____ influence. The influence of her deduction is a _____ influence.

bottom-up; top-down

The place theory is specialized to detect _____ sounds and the temporal theory is specialized for _____ sounds.

high-frequency; low-frequency

Hammer, anvil, and stirrup are to hair cells as _____ is to _____.

middle ear; inner ear

Marty and Becky are in the mood to have a hamburger for lunch. Marty wants to grill the hamburger outside instead of cooking it on top of the stove because he says he likes the taste of a grilled hamburger more than one cooked on top of the stove. The difference in taste Marty prefers is actually caused by the smell of the charcoal embedded into the hamburger. This is an example of sensory _____.

interaction

In vision, the amplitude of a light wave relates to people's perception of the brightness of a stimulus. To which perceptual dimension does the amplitude of a sound wave correspond in hearing?

loudness

Laurie has a persistent itch on her arm. This is MOST likely caused by the action of _____ receptors.

pain

Affecting physical events or objects with one's mind is called:

psychokinesis.