Module 4
External vs Internal Focus
indicate whether or not the organization's culture is externally or internally oriented.
What are the big five personality traits?
openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism
Person-job fit
the degree to which a person's skill, knowledge, abilities, and other characteristics match the job demands
Person-organization fit
the degree to which a person's values, personality, goals, and other characteristics match those of the organization
organizational culture
the set of values, ideas, attitudes, and norms of behavior that is learned and shared among the members of an organization
Mechanistic organizational structures
utilize traditional top-down hierarchy and rigid departmentalization and are best suited to stable environments that contain low uncertainty, such as government agencies
Conscientiousness
-People who are conscientious are organized, punctual, and dependable. -Hierarchy
Openness
-People who have a high level of openness are curious, original, creative, and open to new ideas. -Adhocracy
Neuroticism
-People with neuroticism are anxious, irritable, and moody -No CVF Quadrant relation
Extraversion
-This refers to people who are outgoing, talkative, and sociable -Market
Agreeableness
-Those with a high level of agreeableness are tolerant, sensitive, trusting, and kind -Clan culture
The Ritz-Carlton is customer obsessed with a main focus of creating incredibly personalized experiences. During interviews, interviewers use a variety of techniques to determine if a candidate is similarly obsessed. This exemplifies: A) Attraction; B) Selection; C) Attrition; D) Acculturation
A) Attraction
What attracts an employee to join and leave organizations?
ASA (Attraction-selection-attrition)
A job candidate is preparing for an interview with an organization. The candidate wants to work for the organization because its values align with the candidate's personality and goals. Which process is this candidate using?
Attraction
What are the three interrelated dynamic processes that cause employees to join and leave organizations?
Attraction, selection, and attrition
Tina's Cleaning Team has a culture based on collaboration. Employees see themselves more as family members who value teamwork and consensus. Tian's Cleaning Team exhibits what CVF culture? A) Clan; B) Hierarchy; C) Market; D) Adhocracy
B) Hierarchy
Enjoys taking risks and is willing to try new things
Comfortable with uncertainty
Dynamo, Inc. has a culture based on energy and creativity. The organization is held together by experimentation, ingenuity and freedom. Dynamo exhibits what CVF culture? A) Clan; B) Hierarchy; C) Market; D) Adhocracy
D) Adhocracy
What are the four concepts that comprise the CVF (Competing Values Framework) model?
Elements of: -Clan -Adhocracy -Hierarchy -Market
What is the purpose of the CVF (Competing Values Framework) model?
For measuring an organization's cultural effectiveness
Challenges authority and likes to be able to make decisions
High capacity to influence others
Attraction
Individuals are attracted to organizations that are like themselves in terms of personality and values
Market
It tends to be externally focused on competition and profits and less flexible (e.g., security companies).
Hierarchy
It tends to be internally focused on internal processes and procedures and less flexible (e.g., government agencies).
Clan
It tends to be more family oriented and flexible and less structured and has a more extensive hierarchy (e.g., small start-up business).
Adhocracy
It tends to be more flexible and responsive to external forces and is characterized as a dynamic, entrepreneurial, and creative workplace (e.g., technology businesses).
Cultural alignment
Linking of organizational goals with the employees' personal goals
A manager reads an industry report and learns that the company is still leading the competition in customer satisfaction ratings. The manager values this measure of success and commits to do whatever it takes to maintain that ranking the following year. Which competing value does this represent?
Market
A business is managed by executives who value stability. The executives make all the decisions and managers follow specific company guidelines to implement them to maximize operational efficiency. Which type of organizational structure does this represent?
Mechanistic
What are the two axes of the CVF (Competing Values Framework) models?
Mechanistic and Organic
A customer asks a service associate for a refund on a product that is broken. The associate asks how the product was broken, and the customer explains that it was broken when the box was opened. The associate thinks that is very unlikely but reflects on how the company values customer satisfaction above all else. The associate processes the refund for the customer. Which factor is influencing this associate's decision?
Organizational cultures
Selection
Organizations are more likely to select those who possess skills and values similar to the ones their existing members possess
Attrition
Over time, those who do not fit in well are more likely to leave
Interested in stability and traditions
Past-present oriented
Which consideration describes the degree to which a candidate's skill, knowledge, and abilities match the demands of a position?
Person-job fit
What causes an employer to select a candidate?
Person-organization fit Personal-job-fit
Open-minded and willing to experience new things
Present-future oriented
Personality
Relatively stable feelings, thought, and behavioral patterns a person has
According to the book, what is one of the most important causes of attrition?
Research indicates that person-organization misfit is one of the important reasons for employee turnover.
Organic organizational structure
are characterized by fluidity and a wider span of control. They work best in unstable, complex, changing environments such as high-tech industries
Flexibility vs Stability/Control
determine whether a culture functions better in a stable, controlled environment or a flexible, fast-paced environment.