Module 4 tissues

Choose the answer that shows the correct order for the standard preparation of a histological specimen.

(1) fixation, (2) sectioning, (3) staining

Marfan's syndrome is a disease associated with faulty manufacture of the extracellular protein fibrillin. Since this is a component of elastin, in which of the numbered cells would the damaged gene be expressed?

2

Which numbered cell type initiates inflammatory responses to infection or tissue damage?

5

Which of the following statements is true?

Dense connective tissue includes a great deal of collagen.

Pseudostratified epithelia are well adapted to the digestive system because the cilia increase the surface area for absorption.

False

Which of the following describes a holocrine gland?

Holocrine glands secrete their products by rupturing.

Which event must precede all others during tissue repair?

Inflammation occurs near the affected cells.

Predict what would happen if a lung's visceral membrane were pulled away from its parietal membrane still attached to the chest wall.

Loss of membrane adhesive force would cause lung collapse.

__________ are water-soluble, complex glycoproteins that are secreted by goblet cells.

Mucins

Which of the following characteristics is lacking in the typical areolar connective tissue pictured in the figure?

None of these characteristics is lacking.

Recall the different techniques for improving contrast of a specimen in the video. When you look under the microscope you see the following image

Open or close the iris diaphragm.

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

Simple cuboidal epithelia are found in areas that stretch.

Which part of the neuron (a specialized nerve cell) receives signals from other cells and is also the main metabolic region of the neuron?

Soma

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

The cutaneous membrane is made of a simple columnar epithelium

Why are adipose tissue, blood, and bone all considered to be connective tissues?

They have a common origin: mesenchyme.

All epithelia have two surfaces, an apical surface and a basal surface, that differ in both structure and function. This property is called polarity.

True

Which of the following sentences regarding microscope care and handling is correct?

Use the coarse adjustment knob only with the lowest-power objective.

Which survival need shortage would most affect articular cartilage's ability to rebound after joint compression, and why does it have this effect?

Water, since it makes up to 80% of cartilage's content and helps cushion articular bone surfaces.

Which of the following is NOT a role of connective tissue?

absorption

Which is the most atypical connective tissue since it does NOT act as a binding or packaging material under normal conditions or provide structural support?

blood

Which tissue is correctly paired with its primary cell type?

bone; osteoblast

After open heart surgery, the heart's pumping efficiency may be reduced because__________.

both adhesions and fibrosis will interfere with the heart's normal pumping activity and reduce its effectiveness

What do the glands shown in A and B both have in common?

both are exocrine glands

Which muscle cell type has visible striations but is not under voluntary control?

cardiac

Which tissues have little to no functional regenerative capacity?

cardiac muscle and nervous tissue in the brain and spinal cord

What process is depicted in the basal layer of the glandular epithelium shown in B?

cell division

You observe a uniform tissue under a microscope. There is no lumen. The material looks densely packed, but you do not observe many nuclei. It appears that there are strands of fibers running in parallel directions. What type of tissue are you looking at?

connective tissue

Connective tissues are made of different combinations of ground substance and fibers. As you compare slides of connective tissues, which would most likely be the strongest type of connective tissue based on the composition of ground substance and fibers?

connective tissues high in collagen fibers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of nervous tissue?

creates linings

Which of the following is a dry membrane exposed to the air?

cutaneous membrane

How are endocrine and exocrine glands different from each other?

endocrine glands have no ducts

Which tissue type consists of a sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity?

epithelial tissue

Which of the following is a property of epithelial tissue?

epithelial tissue is innervated

What tissue type has polarity and is avascular?

epithelium

Which of these terms applies best to all material in this tissue that is not cellular?

extracellular matrix

All muscle cells contain striations.

false

After a heart attack, fibrosis occurs at the site of cardiac muscle cell death. This reduces the efficiency of the heart's pumping activity because __________.

fibrous connective tissue is incapable of contracting

Diabetics with poor lower limb circulation often have slow-healing pressure ulcers on the bottom of their feet. In speeding up the healing process, surgical removal (debridement) of dead tissue from an ulcerative area would encourage increased __________.

granulation tissue formation

Which property is most consistent in the majority of connective tissues?

greater amount of extracellular matrix compared to cellular content

Which of the following does NOT describe a multicellular exocrine gland?

hormone glands

The correct order of events in tissue repair, from first to last, is __________.

inflammation, organization, and regeneration

Smooth muscle __________.

is under involuntary control

Which of the following substances would NOT be found in significant amounts in the extracellular matrix of the illustrated areolar connective tissue?

keratin

Which of the following is NOT a manner in which any epithelial tissue is classified?

location

An exocrine gland that has an unbranched duct would be classified as a __________.

multicellular simple gland

Which of the following are INCORRECTLY paired?

muscle; endoderm

Besides oxygen, what other bloodborne material must be provided to the affected tissues in adequate quantities to promote normal wound healing?

nutrients

Which of the following glands might utilize the secretory mechanism and duct structure shown in A?

pancreas

What activity does cell 1 undertake to contribute to the body's defense against injury and infection?

phagocytosis of foreign materials

In connective tissue, the role of elastic fibers is to __________.

provide flexibility

You observe a tissue under a microscope. There appears to be a lumen on one side of the tissue. Lining this lumen, the cells seem to have long, fingerlike projections. Beneath the projections, the cells seem to have the shape of shoeboxes and are packed tightly together. What type of tissue are you looking at?

simple columnar epithelia

The proximal tubule of the nephron (kidney tubule) in the kidney is composed of which type of epithelium?

simple cuboidal epithelium

The wall of the alveolus (air sac) in the lung is composed of which type of epithelium?

simple squamous epithelium

Which of the three muscle cell types has multiple nuclei?

skeletal

Under a microscope you observe a tissue that appears to have long fibers that appear striated. The nuclei are pushed off to the side of the fibers. The tissue looks very vascular. What type of tissue are you observing?

skeletal muscle tissue

Injured cartilage might heal more quickly if a treatment were discovered that would __________.

stimulate blood vessels to develop within cartilage

The epithelium of the esophagus is composed of which type of epithelial tissue?

stratified squamous epithelium

Which of the following epithelial tissue types is NOT correctly matched to its function?

stratified squamous epithelium; absorption

What function do transitional epithelia have?

stretching

What distinguishes the gland in A from the gland in B?

the method of secretion