Module 5 quiz 1&2

At sea level, the partial pressure of oxygen is approximately ____% (round to the nearest whole number).

21

A 10-year-old develops pneumonia. Physical exam reveals subcostal and intercostal retractions. The child reports that breathing is difficult with feelings that, "I cannot get enough air." What term should the nurse use to document this condition? a. Cyanosis b. Dyspnea c. Hyperpnea d. Orthopnea

Dyspnea

An 80-year-old develops pneumonia in the hospital. An assessment identifies that the patient is cyanotic and tachycardic and has developed a cough. Chest x-ray reveals pus in the pleural space. This symptomology supports which medical diagnosis?

Empyema

A patient's arterial blood gas reveals decreased carbon dioxide levels. What is the most likely cause of this situation?

Hyperventilation

A nurse is reviewing the results of an arterial blood gas and finds reduced oxygenation of arterial blood. What term should the nurse use to describe this condition?

Hypoxemia

Asthma is thought to be caused by:

Interactions between genetic and environmental factors

_______is the movement of blood into and out of the capillary beds of the lungs to the body organs and tissues.

Perfusion

Aspiration of oral secretions increases a patient's risk for which complication?

Pneumonia

What phrase describes the condition in which a series of alveoli in the left lower lobe receive adequate ventilation but lack adequate perfusion?

alveolar dead space

A majority of airway resistance takes place in the:

bronchi

Which pathology is characteristic of asthma?

expiratory wheezing

If an individual with respiratory difficulty were retaining too much carbon dioxide, which of the following compensatory responses would be initiated?

increase in respiratory rate

During inspiration, muscular contraction of the diaphragm causes air to move into the lung. The mechanism that drives air movement during inspiration results in a(n):

increase in size of the thorax and decrease in intrapleural pressure.

Airway obstruction contributing to increased air flow resistance and hypoventilation in asthma is caused by:

mucous secretion, bronchoconstriction, and air way edema

Which of the following is a potentially fatal complication of cystic fibrosis?

respiratory failure

Pleural membranes are examples of ______ membranes.

serous

A low ventilation-perfusion ratio of the lung will results in:

shunting

Acidosis will shift the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the:

to the right, causing more O2 to be released to the cells

Pneumonia is caused by

viral or bacterial infections

The maximum amount of gas that can be displaced (expired) from the lung is called:

vital capacity VC