module 77 reading quiz

Which of the following describes a stereotype?

Robin is convinced that university professors are usually impractical and forgetful.

Prejudice is a(n) ________; discrimination is a(n) ________.

attitude; behavior

The three components of prejudice are

beliefs, emotions, and predispositions to action.

The just-world phenomenon often leads people to

believe that victims of misfortune deserve to suffer.

Explicit attitudes are typically ________, whereas implicit attitudes are often ________.

conscious; unconscious

A store owner charges Black customers more than Hispanic customers for the very same merchandise. The owner is most clearly engaging in

discrimination.

A vivid example of a North Korean's behavior has an unusually strong influence on people's judgments of all North Koreans primarily because people

estimate the frequency of group characteristics in terms of the memorability of these characteristics.

At a conscious level, Aaron doesn't think he's prejudiced. Yet he automatically feels uncomfortable in situations where he has to interact with people of different races from his own. Aaron's experience best illustrates the distinction between

explicit and implicit attitudes.

Only when experimental participants were informed that a woman was raped did they perceive the woman's behavior as inviting rape. This best illustrates that victim-blaming is fueled by

hindsight bias.

In one experiment, White respondents typically took longer to identify words such as peace and paradise as "good" when the words were associated with Black-sounding names rather than White-sounding names. This best illustrated

implicit prejudice.

A sense of social identity is most likely to promote

ingroup bias.

During a Girl Scout picnic, Lavinia was randomly selected to be on one baseball team and Carla on the opposing team. Before the game started, Lavinia and Carla were each convinced that their own team was the better one. The girls' beliefs best illustrate

ingroup bias.

Six-year-old Ezra believes that boys are better than girls, while 5-year-old Arlette believes that girls are better than boys. Their beliefs most clearly illustrate

ingroup bias.

Facing the threat of death at the hands of terrorists is likely to heighten

patriotism.

When White university women withheld criticism of a flawed essay written by a Black fellow student, they demonstrated

patronization.

Cross-cultural research on gender relations indicates that

people perceive their fathers as more intelligent than their mothers despite gender equality in intelligence scores.

Government officials who emphasize that African-Americans are personally responsible for the economically disadvantaged position of their ethnic group are most likely to promote

prejudice.

Ever since he lost his job because he was constantly late for work, Richard has become increasingly hostile toward the "government bureaucrats who are leading the country toward bankruptcy." Richard's increasing prejudice is best explained in terms of

scapegoat theory.

Ingroup bias best illustrates the impact of our ________ on prejudice.

social identities

Compared with numerical majorities, numerical minorities, such as the Scots in Britain, are especially conscious of their

social identities.

Arturo believes that most young women from California are extremely good looking and that extremely good-looking women are usually selfish and egotistical. His beliefs are examples of

stereotypes.

If poverty causes high rates of crime, the high crime rates can be used to justify discrimination against those who live in poverty. This best illustrates

the blame-the-victim dynamic.

A readiness to assume that enslaved people deserve the terrible treatment they receive best illustrates

the just-world phenomenon.

The tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races is called

the other-race effect.

White children are better at recognizing White faces than Black faces. This illustrates

the other-race effect.

Montel, a White university student, is on academic probation for poor grades. Ever since he received notice of his probation, Montel has become increasingly hostile toward racial minority students and staff on campus. His increasing hostility can best be explained in terms of

the scapegoat theory.

We are most likely to ________ the diversity among members of an ________.

underestimate; outgroup