modules 14.4-14.6

Which of the following is NOT an effect of the sympathetic nervous system?

A decrease in heart rate

The neurotransmitter released by all parasympathetic neurons is __________.

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Why are the effects of parasympathetic stimulation short lived?

Acetylcholine is quickly destroyed.

Important functions of the postganglionic fibers that enter the thoracic cavity in autonomic nerves include which of the following?

All of the listed responses are correct.

eurotransmitter used by the sympathetic nervous system?

All of the listed responses are correct.

Stimulation of which receptor brings about contraction of the smooth muscle in vascular smooth muscle?

Alpha-1

Stimulation of which receptor causes dilation of the airways?

Beta-2

How would the stimulation of muscarinic receptors in cardiac muscle affect the heart?

Decreased heart rate

What are the receptors found at neuroglandular junctions in the parasympathetic division?

Muscarinic receptors

What are the receptors that are found on all ganglionic cells of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS?

Nicotinic receptors

What are the nerves that carry sacral parasympathetic output to the bladder, terminal parts of the large intestine, and the sex organs?

Pelvic nerves

How does a medication that blocks beta receptors help a patient with high blood pressure?

The medication blocks the beta-1 receptors in the heart from stimulating an increase in the force and rate of heart contractions.

Which nerve is responsible for parasympathetic innervation of the lungs, heart, stomach, liver, pancreas, and parts of the small and large intestine?

The vagus nerve

Which of the following sympathetic receptors causes an increase in heart rate and force of contraction and an increase in metabolic activity?

beta-1

The effects of parasympathetic stimulation are usually __________.

brief in duration and restricted to specific organs and sites

Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers of the vagus nerve entering the abdominopelvic cavity join the __________.

celiac plexus

What is the name of the endocrine gland that is innervated by the sympathetic division of the nervous system and is a modified sympathetic ganglion?

suprarenal gland

During a crisis, the event necessary for an individual to be able to cope with stressful and potentially dangerous situations is called __________.

sympathetic activation