MUS 105 - Part 1: Elements

What is the term describing the regular, recurrent pulse that is subdivided and organized to create rhythms and metrical configurations?

Beat

downbeat

First, or stressed, beat of the measure

Consonance

In harmony, a combination of tones that is stable and whose sound has a sense of arrival/resolution

meter

Organization of beats into regular groupings

Rhythm

Particular arrangement of note lengths in a piece of music; the ordered flow of music through time

grand staff

The bass staff and treble staff connected by a brace and a line

Which of the following is a characteristic of ABA ternary form?

When A returns, it can be slightly different from the first statement.

What are two ways of lengthening the value of a note?

adding a dot next to the note; using a tie

The ______ clef is used to indicate notation that is relatively low in pitch.

bass

A musical piece that has two contrasting sections is said to have a ______ form.

binary

What is the term for a dominant chord that resolves to a tonic chord, giving a sense of conclusion?

cadence

tonic chord

triad built on the first note of the scale

Classical

1750-1820

Romantic

1820-1900

A piece of music changes key 4 times, how many main keys does the piece usually have?

1

Select all the statements that are basic melodic principles.

A melody moves by small intervals called steps or by larger ones called leaps. Many melodies are made up of shorter parts called phrases.

What is the loudness and softness of music related to specifically?

Amplitude of the vibration that produces the sound

how many different tones are in a minor scale?

7

dynamics

Degrees of loudness or softness in music

Select all the following that help us develop awareness and understanding of the form of a piece of music from its various parts.

Memory of the parts and how they relate to each other Repeated listening to recall the parts Perceiving how the parts produce a sense of shape and structure

What term is used to refer to the organization of beats into regular groups of strong and weak ones?

Meter

Select all the characteristics of key or tonality.

Pieces of music often end on the tonic chord. The keynote is the root of the tonic triad. Familiar melodies generally end with the tonic chord.

beat

Regular, recurrent pulsation that divides music into equal units of time

Select all the characteristics of the A and B sections in binary form.

Section B may start in a different key but will conclude in the tonic key. The conclusion of each section is signaled by a cadence or a brief pause. Section A will begin in the tonic key.

What is the structure of a minor scale?

Seven different tones and an eighth tone that duplicates the first

Uppercase and lowercase letters

are typically used to designate form and sections within a piece of music

Forward motion, conflict, and change in mood are all aspects of ______ in musical form.

contrast

What is a characteristic of two tones of different pitches that are an octave apart?

They sound very much alike.

Select all the terms that are suitable for referring to tone color.

dark, rich, brilliant

Listen to the audio clip. Wagner changes the ______ when the soft, solo ends and the full orchestra returns to loudly play the main melody.

dynamics

True or false: The beat in music is always clearly emphasized and strongly felt.

false

crescendo

gradually louder

decrescendo/diminuendo

gradually softer

When a melody moves from one tone to a tone that is NOT adjacent, it is said to move by which of the following?

leap

Select all the types of emotions that composers have invoked by using the chromatic scale.

loss, grief, sorrow

Which of the following was a development in western music after 1900?

many composers abandoned tonality

On which musical element is the attention focused in a homophonic texture?

melody

imitation

when a melodic idea is presented by one voice or instrument and then is restated immediately by another voice or instrument

When is a measure in duple meter?

when it has 2 beats

form

organization of musical elements/ideas in time

main properties of musical sounds

pitch, dynamics, tone color, duration

tempo

rate of speed of the beat of music

pitch

relative highness or lowness of a sound

In creating musical form, ______ creates a sense of unity.

repetition

When a dissonance moves to a consonance, it can be called a

resolution

cadence

resting place or point of arrival at the end of a melodic phrase

In music, what is the flow of patterns through time called?

rhythm

What is the term for the particular arrangement of note lengths and silences in a piece of music?

rhythm

progression

series of chords

melody

series of single tones that add up to a recognizable whole

unison

several voices or instruments singing or playing the same melody, adding richness to a monophonic texture

phrase

short part or section of a melody

parts of ternary form (ABA)

statement, contrast, return

When a melody moves from one tone to the one next to it, it is said to move by what?

step

Modern-day symphony orchestras include which four groups of instruments?

strings, woodwinds, brass, percussion

In which type of musical form is there a musical statement (A), then a contrasting statement (B), then a return to the first musical statement (A)?

ternary (3-part) form

Arpeggio

the playing of the tones of a chord in rapid succession rather than simultaneously

The interval pattern of any major scale is always

the same

The half step in a minor scale is between

the second and third tones.

Which of the following are appropriate descriptions of texture?

thick, dense, light

Listen to the audio clip. Select the three chief elements that Stravinsky uses to create sharp musical contrasts in this selection as the melody is repeated over and over.

tone color, rhythm, dynamics

Select all the following that are elements that interact in a musical composition to produce a sense of shape and structure.

tone color, texture, pitch, rhythm

The central tone around which a musical composition is organized is called the

tonic

No matter how often a work changes key, what is its main (home) key called?

tonic key

The ______ clef is used to indicate notes that are relatively high in pitch.

treble

dominant chord

triad built on the fifth note of the scale

upbeat

unaccented pulse preceding the downbeat

measure

unit or group containing a fixed number of beats

In creating musical form, ______ keeps some elements while changing others.

variation

Baroque

1600-1750

How many notes are in an octave?

12 (chromatic), 8 (scale)

Renaissance

1450-1600

How many major scales are there?

12

how many half steps are in a major scale?

2

Middle Ages

450-1450

Dissonant

A combination of tones that feels unstable and demands onward motion toward a stable chord

metronome

Device that produces ticking sounds or flashes of light at any desired musical speed

Select all the elements that can be present in polyphonic or contrapuntal music.

Melodies that are woven together The inclusion of imitation Two or more combined melodies

Select all the correct statements about modulation.

Modulation usually changes the central tone. Modulation is the shifting from one key to another key.

syncopation

Putting an accent in music where it would not normally be expected

What is the term for the distance between the lowest tone to the highest tone that an instrument can play?

Range

A composition in binary form usually does which of the following?

Repeats both parts, in the form A A B B.

Beat, meter, accent, tempo, and syncopation are interrelated aspects of what musical element?

Rhythm

accent

Stress or emphasis on a note

Which of the following statements is true concerning the use of the chromatic scale?

The chromatic scale has been used as the basis for entire compositions.

In general, what is true about the frequency at which an object vibrates?

The faster the vibrations, the higher the pitch

What purpose does a complete cadence serve in music?

To provide a sense of conclusion and satisfaction

What is the quality of sound that distinguishes different voices and instruments from each other called?

Tone color, or timbre

Select all the following that are present in a key.

central tone, chord, central scale

triad

chord made up of the three notes root, third, and fifth (do, mi, sol)

polyphonic texture

performance of 2+ melodic lines of relatively equal interest at the same time (ex. 2 main themes occurring simultaneously)

chord

simultaneous sounding of three or more tones/pitches

harmony

simultaneous tones in music that add support and richness to a melody; refers to the way chords are constructed and how they follow each other

homophonic texture

single line of melody supported by a harmonic accompaniment

monophonic texture

single melodic line without accompaniment

texture

the different layers of musical sound and how they relate to each other

interval

the distance between any two pitches