MUS 105 - Part 1: Elements
What is the term describing the regular, recurrent pulse that is subdivided and organized to create rhythms and metrical configurations?
Beat
downbeat
First, or stressed, beat of the measure
Consonance
In harmony, a combination of tones that is stable and whose sound has a sense of arrival/resolution
meter
Organization of beats into regular groupings
Rhythm
Particular arrangement of note lengths in a piece of music; the ordered flow of music through time
grand staff
The bass staff and treble staff connected by a brace and a line
Which of the following is a characteristic of ABA ternary form?
When A returns, it can be slightly different from the first statement.
What are two ways of lengthening the value of a note?
adding a dot next to the note; using a tie
The ______ clef is used to indicate notation that is relatively low in pitch.
bass
A musical piece that has two contrasting sections is said to have a ______ form.
binary
What is the term for a dominant chord that resolves to a tonic chord, giving a sense of conclusion?
cadence
tonic chord
triad built on the first note of the scale
Classical
1750-1820
Romantic
1820-1900
A piece of music changes key 4 times, how many main keys does the piece usually have?
1
Select all the statements that are basic melodic principles.
A melody moves by small intervals called steps or by larger ones called leaps. Many melodies are made up of shorter parts called phrases.
What is the loudness and softness of music related to specifically?
Amplitude of the vibration that produces the sound
how many different tones are in a minor scale?
7
dynamics
Degrees of loudness or softness in music
Select all the following that help us develop awareness and understanding of the form of a piece of music from its various parts.
Memory of the parts and how they relate to each other Repeated listening to recall the parts Perceiving how the parts produce a sense of shape and structure
What term is used to refer to the organization of beats into regular groups of strong and weak ones?
Meter
Select all the characteristics of key or tonality.
Pieces of music often end on the tonic chord. The keynote is the root of the tonic triad. Familiar melodies generally end with the tonic chord.
beat
Regular, recurrent pulsation that divides music into equal units of time
Select all the characteristics of the A and B sections in binary form.
Section B may start in a different key but will conclude in the tonic key. The conclusion of each section is signaled by a cadence or a brief pause. Section A will begin in the tonic key.
What is the structure of a minor scale?
Seven different tones and an eighth tone that duplicates the first
Uppercase and lowercase letters
are typically used to designate form and sections within a piece of music
Forward motion, conflict, and change in mood are all aspects of ______ in musical form.
contrast
What is a characteristic of two tones of different pitches that are an octave apart?
They sound very much alike.
Select all the terms that are suitable for referring to tone color.
dark, rich, brilliant
Listen to the audio clip. Wagner changes the ______ when the soft, solo ends and the full orchestra returns to loudly play the main melody.
dynamics
True or false: The beat in music is always clearly emphasized and strongly felt.
false
crescendo
gradually louder
decrescendo/diminuendo
gradually softer
When a melody moves from one tone to a tone that is NOT adjacent, it is said to move by which of the following?
leap
Select all the types of emotions that composers have invoked by using the chromatic scale.
loss, grief, sorrow
Which of the following was a development in western music after 1900?
many composers abandoned tonality
On which musical element is the attention focused in a homophonic texture?
melody
imitation
when a melodic idea is presented by one voice or instrument and then is restated immediately by another voice or instrument
When is a measure in duple meter?
when it has 2 beats
form
organization of musical elements/ideas in time
main properties of musical sounds
pitch, dynamics, tone color, duration
tempo
rate of speed of the beat of music
pitch
relative highness or lowness of a sound
In creating musical form, ______ creates a sense of unity.
repetition
When a dissonance moves to a consonance, it can be called a
resolution
cadence
resting place or point of arrival at the end of a melodic phrase
In music, what is the flow of patterns through time called?
rhythm
What is the term for the particular arrangement of note lengths and silences in a piece of music?
rhythm
progression
series of chords
melody
series of single tones that add up to a recognizable whole
unison
several voices or instruments singing or playing the same melody, adding richness to a monophonic texture
phrase
short part or section of a melody
parts of ternary form (ABA)
statement, contrast, return
When a melody moves from one tone to the one next to it, it is said to move by what?
step
Modern-day symphony orchestras include which four groups of instruments?
strings, woodwinds, brass, percussion
In which type of musical form is there a musical statement (A), then a contrasting statement (B), then a return to the first musical statement (A)?
ternary (3-part) form
Arpeggio
the playing of the tones of a chord in rapid succession rather than simultaneously
The interval pattern of any major scale is always
the same
The half step in a minor scale is between
the second and third tones.
Which of the following are appropriate descriptions of texture?
thick, dense, light
Listen to the audio clip. Select the three chief elements that Stravinsky uses to create sharp musical contrasts in this selection as the melody is repeated over and over.
tone color, rhythm, dynamics
Select all the following that are elements that interact in a musical composition to produce a sense of shape and structure.
tone color, texture, pitch, rhythm
The central tone around which a musical composition is organized is called the
tonic
No matter how often a work changes key, what is its main (home) key called?
tonic key
The ______ clef is used to indicate notes that are relatively high in pitch.
treble
dominant chord
triad built on the fifth note of the scale
upbeat
unaccented pulse preceding the downbeat
measure
unit or group containing a fixed number of beats
In creating musical form, ______ keeps some elements while changing others.
variation
Baroque
1600-1750
How many notes are in an octave?
12 (chromatic), 8 (scale)
Renaissance
1450-1600
How many major scales are there?
12
how many half steps are in a major scale?
2
Middle Ages
450-1450
Dissonant
A combination of tones that feels unstable and demands onward motion toward a stable chord
metronome
Device that produces ticking sounds or flashes of light at any desired musical speed
Select all the elements that can be present in polyphonic or contrapuntal music.
Melodies that are woven together The inclusion of imitation Two or more combined melodies
Select all the correct statements about modulation.
Modulation usually changes the central tone. Modulation is the shifting from one key to another key.
syncopation
Putting an accent in music where it would not normally be expected
What is the term for the distance between the lowest tone to the highest tone that an instrument can play?
Range
A composition in binary form usually does which of the following?
Repeats both parts, in the form A A B B.
Beat, meter, accent, tempo, and syncopation are interrelated aspects of what musical element?
Rhythm
accent
Stress or emphasis on a note
Which of the following statements is true concerning the use of the chromatic scale?
The chromatic scale has been used as the basis for entire compositions.
In general, what is true about the frequency at which an object vibrates?
The faster the vibrations, the higher the pitch
What purpose does a complete cadence serve in music?
To provide a sense of conclusion and satisfaction
What is the quality of sound that distinguishes different voices and instruments from each other called?
Tone color, or timbre
Select all the following that are present in a key.
central tone, chord, central scale
triad
chord made up of the three notes root, third, and fifth (do, mi, sol)
polyphonic texture
performance of 2+ melodic lines of relatively equal interest at the same time (ex. 2 main themes occurring simultaneously)
chord
simultaneous sounding of three or more tones/pitches
harmony
simultaneous tones in music that add support and richness to a melody; refers to the way chords are constructed and how they follow each other
homophonic texture
single line of melody supported by a harmonic accompaniment
monophonic texture
single melodic line without accompaniment
texture
the different layers of musical sound and how they relate to each other
interval
the distance between any two pitches