Muscles MA&P
Without lateral rotation of the humerus by the teres minor and infraspinatus muscles, the maximum angle of abduction by the deltoid would be __________. 180 degrees 30 degrees 75 degrees 90 degrees
90 degrees
________ are the muscles primarily responsible for producing a particular movement. Agonists Synergists Fixators Antagonists
Agonists
What do the geniohyoid, hyoglossus, and stylohyoid muscles have in common? All names reflect direction of muscle fibers. All names indicate the relative size of the muscle. All act on the tongue. Each acts synergistically to elevate the jaw.
All act on the tongue.
A sports hernia is an athletic injury due to a tear of muscles that insert on the pubic bone. Which of the following muscles would not be affected due to this injury Adductor magnus Internal oblique Pectineus All of the above have an attachment on the pubic bone and could be damaged in a sports hernia.
All of the above have an attachment on the pubic bone and could be damaged in a sports hernia.
Which generalization concerning movement by skeletal muscles is not true? Muscles produce movement by pulling on bones. During contraction the two articulating bones move equally. The movements produced may be of graded intensity. The bones serve as levers.
During contraction the two articulating bones move equally.
Which muscle assists with strenuous breathing by elevating the rib cage for the inspiration phase of breathing?
External intercostals
Hernia
Hernias are typically caused by an increase in intra-abdominal pressure, such as improper lifting techniques (not exhaling when lifting the weight), pregnancy, straining while having a bowel movement (constipation), or a chronic cough. Sometimes an individual has a genetic predisposition to developing a hernia.
Which of the following best describes the orbicularis oris? It draws the eyebrows together. It closes, purses, and protrudes the lips. It pulls the lower lip down and back. It closes the eye.
It closes, purses, and protrudes the lips.
A nurse can facilitate respiratory functioning by encouraging deep breathing exercises such as diaphragmatic breathing. What is diaphragmatic breathing? It is the alternating contraction of the external and internal intercostals muscles to aid inspiration and expiration. It is the contraction of the external intercostal muscles to lift the ribcage, aiding inspiration. It is the alternating contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm, causing a decrease in pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity and facilitating blood flow to the heart. It is the alternating contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm, causing an increase in pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity and facilitating blood flow to the heart. It is the contraction of the internal intercostals muscles to depress the ribcage, aiding expiration.
It is the alternating contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm, causing an increase in pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity and facilitating blood flow to the heart.
Donna was rushing to class and slipped on a patch of ice and fell backward. An x-ray revealed a broken coccyx. All the associated muscles were bruised. Which muscles were they? Ischiocavernosus, coccygeus, and gluteus maximus Levator ani and coccygeus Gluteus maximus, coccygeus, and levator ani Perineal muscle, levator ani, and coccygeus Coccygeus and gluteus maximus
Levator ani and coccygeus
A young pregnant woman went to a childbirth class and the instructor informed them about strengthening the muscles of the pelvic floor. What are these muscles, and why should she strengthen them? Gluteus maximus, coccygeus, and levator ani; strengthening these muscles helps in correctly positioning and orienting the child prior to birth. Ischiocavernosus, coccygeus, and gluteus maximus; strengthening these muscles helps in correctly positioning and orienting the child prior to birth. Perineal muscle, levator ani, and coccygeus; strengthening these muscles helps in the delivery of the child by resisting downward forces when "pushing." Coccygeus and gluteus maximus; strengthening these muscles helps in correctly positioning and orienting the child prior to birth. Levator ani and coccygeus; strengthening these muscles helps in the delivery of the child by resisting downward forces when "pushing."
Levator ani and coccygeus; strengthening these muscles helps in the delivery of the child by resisting downward forces when "pushing."
Which of the following statements about muscles of the elbow joint is true? The brachioradialis originates and inserts on the ulna. The biceps brachii has two heads that share the same origin site. The biceps brachii is a posterior extensor. None of these statements is correct.
None of these statements is correct.
Susan has always hated the wrinkles and "laugh lines" in the corner of her mouth. She decides to have Botox injected to remove them. Which muscle is the best candidate for the injection? Masseter Orbicularis oculi Mentalis Orbicularis oris
Orbicularis oris
James needed to have his hernia surgically repaired. This can be done through laparoscopic surgery. The surgeon must cut through to the herniated area and put a Teflon mesh underneath the hernia to close it off and provide more support to the area. Use your knowledge of anatomy to select the correct sequence of structures that would be cut for this procedure. Make sure you select the structures in the order they would be cut by the surgeon.
Skin, hypodermis, subcutaneous fat, external oblique aponeurosis, internal oblique, transverse abdominis, peritoneum
The rhomboideus minor muscle originates on which process on the vertebrae? Pedicle Transverse process Posterior process Spinous process
Spinous process
Impingement syndrome is a common shoulder injury that results from excessive abduction of the shoulder. Which muscle does this occur in? Infraspinatus Deltoid Teres minor Supraspinatus
Supraspinatus
The names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle. What does the term levator mean? The muscle functions as a synergist. The muscle is a fixator and stabilizes a bone or joint. The muscle flexes and rotates a region. The muscle elevates and/or adducts a region.
The muscle elevates and/or adducts a region.
When the term biceps, triceps, or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, what does it tell you about the muscle? The muscle is able to change direction twice, three times, or four times faster than other muscles, respectively. The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively. The muscle has two, three, or four functions, respectively. The muscle has two, three, or four insertions, respectively.
The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively.
Which of the following statements about muscles of the forearm is true? The pronator teres originates on the medial epicondyle and inserts on the radius. Contraction of the pronator quadratus and the supinator results in forearm pronation. The pronator quadratus originates on the radius and inserts on the ulna. The pronator quadratus is a two-headed muscle.
The pronator teres originates on the medial epicondyle and inserts on the radius.
Which of the following describes the suprahyoid muscles? They are often called strap muscles. They depress the larynx and hyoid bone if the mandible is fixed. They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity. They move the pharynx superiorly during swallowing.
They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity.
Why are the muscles that move the fingers and wrist located in the forearm? a This design allows the muscles to contract more rapidly. b This design allows the hand and fingers to have greater sensitivity to environmental stimuli. c This design allows the hand to maintain fine motor control and strength without the interference of bulky muscles. d This design allows for less torque strength by the tendons of the fingers.
This design allows the hand to maintain fine motor control and strength without the interference of bulky muscles.
Which type of lever is demonstrated by using scissors? a first-class lever a second-class lever a third-class lever a fourth-class lever
a first-class lever
What type of muscle assists an agonist by causing a like movement or by stabilizing a joint over which an agonist acts? a prime mover an antagonist an agonist a synergist
a synergist
The teres major adducts the arm but does not __________ the arm. extend abduct medially rotate or extend medially rotates
abduct
The middle fibers of the deltoid muscle __________. medially rotate the arm laterally rotate the arm adduct the arm abduct the arm
abduct the arm
Movement of the shoulder laterally away from the body is called __________. abduction extension adduction flexion
abduction
The location of the rotator cuff muscles in relation to the glenohumoral joint minimizes the upward pressure against the __________. humerus clavicle coracoid process of the scapula acromion of the scapula
acromion of the scapula
The primary function of the pectoral girdle is to __________. provide the only connection between the humerus and the scapula provide the only connection between the arm and the axial skeleton act as an attachment point for the rotator cuff muscles act as an attachment site for muscles that move the arm
act as an attachment site for muscles that move the arm
One of the actions of the latissimus dorsi muscle is to __________. flex the arm adduct the arm lateral rotation of the arm abduct the arm
adduct the arm
A reduction in the lateral angle of the glenohumeral joint in relation to the anatomical position would be called __________. abduction adduction extension flexion
adduction
Which of the following muscles is a flexor of the thigh? tibialis posterior adductor magnus gluteus maximus vastus lateralis
adductor magnus
producing a specific movement? Which functional group has the major responsibility for producing a specific movement? fixators synergists agonists antagonists
agonists
What is a muscle that provides the major force for producing a specific movement called? a synergist a fixator an agonist an antagonist
an agonist
Which of the following is not true of the deep fascia of the leg? prevents excess swelling of the muscles; separates anterior and posterior muscles; an insertion for the majority of lower leg muscles; aids in venous return
an insertion for the majority of lower leg muscles
The smallest of the posterior extensors of the elbow joint is the __________. brachioradialis anconeus biceps brachii triceps brachii
anconeus
A muscle that opposes, or reverses, a particular movement is a(n) ________. antagonist agonist synergist fixator
antagonist
The origin of the Sartorius muscle is from the __________ spine. posterior inferior iliac posterior superior iliac anterior superior iliac anterior inferior iliac
anterior superior iliac
At its insertion (unlike at its origin), the buccinator muscle __________. attaches to fibers of another facial muscle attaches to a prominent point on the mandible attaches at two distinct sites on the bone converges on a single process of the mandible
attaches to fibers of another facial muscle
Forearm supination is assisted by the triceps brachii biceps brachii supinator brachioradialis
biceps brachii
Which of the following is a hamstring muscle? rectus femoris vastus medialis fastus lateralis biceps femoris
biceps femoris
Which of the following muscles is not part of the shoulder? brachialis supraspinatus infraspinatus subscapularis
brachialis
The primary function of the deep muscles of the thorax is to promote ________. breathing vomiting back posture swallowing
breathing
A nursing infant develops a powerful sucking muscle that adults also use for whistling. What is this muscle called? platysma zygomaticus masseter buccinator
buccinator
The ________ muscles compress the cheeks to help keep food between the grinding surfaces of the teeth while chewing. buccinator medial pterygoid temporalis masseter
buccinator
The pectoral girdle consists of the __________. clavicle and scapula clavicle and humerus scapula and humerus clavicle, scapula, and humerus
clavicle and scapula
The buccinator muscle __________. purses the lips does not function during chewing raises the corners of the mouth compresses the cheeks
compresses the cheeks
The actions of the internal obliques include __________. compression of the rib cage to assist in forced expiration compression of the rib cage to assist in forced inspiration compression of the abdomen to assist in forced inspiration compression of the abdomen to assist in forced expiration
compression of the abdomen to assist in forced expiration
Which of the following is CORRECTLY matched? convergent arrangement of fascicles: fan shaped muscle circular arrangement of fascicles: describes the deltoid muscle pennate arrangement of fascicles: spindle-shaped muscle parallel arrangement of fascicles: characteristic of sphincter muscles
convergent arrangement of fascicles: fan shaped muscle
The coracobrachialis muscle originates on the __________. medial surface of the humeral shaft radial tuberosity coracoid process of the scapula greater tuberosity of the humerus
coracoid process of the scapula
The forearm muscles can be divided into anterior flexors and posterior extensors, as well as __________.
deep and superficial layers
Of the nine muscles that cross the shoulder joint and insert on the humerus, which muscle is considered to be a prime mover? coracobrachialis supraspinatus deltoid pectoralis minor
deltoid
The __________ is a prime mover of the glenohumeral joint during flexion. teres major deltoid biceps brachii coracobrachialis
deltoid
The muscle that subdivides the ventral body cavity into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities is the ________. diaphragm transversus abdominis quadratus lumborum internal oblique
diaphragm
Which is(are) the most important muscle(s) of inspiration (inhalation)? rectus abdominis diaphragm external intercostals internal intercostals
diaphragm
Muscles of the shoulder can be divided into groups based on __________. location (anterior and posterior) size distribution and functional relationships location (superior and inferior)
distribution and functional relationships
The origin of the serratus anterior includes __________ ribs. six ten seven eight
eight
The action that moves the scapula towards the head is called __________. medial rotation protraction retraction elevation
elevation
The vastus intermedius __________ the leg at the knee. extends laterally rotates flexes medially rotates
extends
The semimembranosus __________ the thigh at the hip and __________ the leg at the knee. extends; flexes adducts; extends abducts; flexes flexes; extends
extends; flexes
The gluteus maximus is the most powerful muscle during __________. extension flexion lateral rotation medial rotation
extension
What muscle is primarily responsible for preventing foot drop? extensor hallucis longus extensor digitorum longus fibularis tertius tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
The buccinator muscle is innervated by the __________. vagus nerve facial nerve trigeminal nerve abducens nerve
facial nerve
A pair of tweezers is a good example of a second-class lever. True False
false
Although all skeletal muscles have different shapes, the fascicle arrangement of each muscle is exactly the same. True False
false
Both first- and second-class levers operate at a mechanical disadvantage. True False
false
Muscles that help to maintain posture are often called synergists. True False
false
The deltoid is a prime mover of the arm that acts in adduction. True False
false
The more a muscle shortens during a contraction, the greater the power of the muscle. True False
false
The vastus lateralis is innervated by the __________. tibial nerve sacral nerve fibular nerve femoral nerve
femoral nerve
The lateral rotators act on the __________. os coxae lumbar vertebrae sacrum femur
femur
The origin of the external obliques includes ribs __________. seven through twelve six through twelve eight through twelve five through twelve
five through twelve
Both heads of the biceps femoris muscle __________. extend the hip extend the leg at the knee flex the leg at the knee flex the hip
flex the leg at the knee
The soleus muscle __________ the foot at the ankle and is innervated by the __________. flexes; tibial nerve flexes; fibular nerve extends; fibular nerve extends; tibial nerve
flexes; tibial nerve
The actions of the internal intercostals are most important during __________. normal expiration forced expiration normal inspiration forced inspiration
forced expiration
Abduction requires the action of two muscles, and adduction requires the action of __________. three muscles two muscles four muscles one muscle
four muscles
The soleus muscle shares an insertion with the __________. fibularis longus muscle flexor hallucis longus flexor digitorum longus gastrocnemius muscle
gastrocnemius muscle
A cute, little curly-haired child is sitting behind you in church. You turn around for a moment and she sticks her tongue out at you. Which tongue muscle did she use? genioglossus stylohyoid hyoglossus orbicularis oris
genioglossus
The rotator cuff is a term used to describe the group of muscles and tendons that stabilize and reinforce the __________. pectoral girdle glenohumeral joint scapula elbow joint
glenohumeral joint
Which of the following is not a member of the hamstrings? biceps femoris semitendinosus semimembranosus gracilis
gracilis
The infraspinatus inserts on the ____________ of the humerus. acromial process of the scapula coranoid process of the scapula lesser tubercle of the humerus greater tubercle of the humerus
greater tubercle of the humerus
The insertion of the supraspinatus muscle is on the __________. greater tubercle of the humerus lesser tubercle of the humerus spinous process of the scapula intertubercular groove of the humerus
greater tubercle of the humerus
The insertion of the teres minor is on the __________. intertubercular groove of the humerus greater tubercle of the humerus lesser tubercle of the humerus lateral border of the scapula
greater tubercle of the humerus
Paralysis of which of the following muscles would make an individual unable to flex the knee? hamstring muscles gluteal muscles brachioradialis soleus
hamstring muscles
All the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles combine at which location? scapula humeral head radial tuberosity coranoid process
humeral head
The majority of the fibers of the gluteus maximus insert onto the __________. superior border of the os coxae ileotibial tract gluteal tuberosity inferior border of the os coxae
ileotibial tract
Paralysis of which of the following would make an individual unable to flex the thigh? iliopsoas and rectus femoris biceps femoris soleus vastus medialis
iliopsoas and rectus femoris
First-class levers ________. have load at one end of the lever, fulcrum at the other, and effort applied somewhere in the middle are the type using joints forming the ball of the foot as formed in raising the body on the toes in the body can operate at a mechanical advantage or mechanical disadvantage, depending on specific location are typified by tweezers or forceps
in the body can operate at a mechanical advantage or mechanical disadvantage, depending on specific location
The origin of the long head of the triceps brachii is on the __________. infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula posterior shaft of the humerus olecranon process of the ulna anterior shaft of the humerus
infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
The external intercostals elevate the rib cage during __________. inspiration neither inspiration nor expiration both expiration and inspiration expiration
inspiration
The transversus abdominus muscle is innervated by the __________. inguinal nerve left scapular nerve thoracic nerve intercostals nerves
intercostals nerves
Which muscles is (are) contracted to exhale forcibly? external intercostals and diaphragm rectus abdominis and diaphragm internal intercostals and rectus abdominus diaphragm alone
internal intercostals and rectus abdominus
All fibers of the pectoralis major muscle converge on the lateral edge of the__________. deltoid tuberosity intertubercular sulcus radial tuberosity greater tuberosity
intertubercular sulcus
The tibialis anterior muscle dorsiflexes the foot at the ankle and also assists in __________ of the foot. inversion eversion extension plantar flexion
inversion
The hamstring muscles originate on the __________. ischial tuberosity lesser trochanter of the femur medial surface of the fibula medial surface of the tibia
ischial tuberosity
The long head of the biceps femoris muscle originates on the __________. iliac crest anterior superior iliac spine ischial tuberosity posterior superior iliac spine
ischial tuberosity
The tensor fasciae latae stabilizes the hip joint and the __________ joint. sacral knee elbow ankle
knee
The trapezius muscle may be separated into all of the following groups, except __________. lateral middle superior inferior
lateral
The trapezius muscle may be separated into all of the following groups, except __________. lateral middle superior inferior
lateral
The origins of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle are the __________. lateral condyle and posterior surface of the femur medial condyle and posterior surface of the femur patellar surface and posterior surface of the femur patellar surface and anterior surface of the femur
lateral condyle and posterior surface of the femur
An origin of the supinator is the __________.
lateral epicondyle of the humerus
The actions of the rhomboid major on the scapula do not include __________. medial rotation elevation adduction lateral rotation
lateral rotation
The posterior axial muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the __________. brachioradialis trapezius pectoralis major latissimus dorsi
latissimus dorsi
Which of the following is not a muscle primarily involved in the breathing process? internal intercostal diaphragm latissimus dorsi external intercostal
latissimus dorsi
The subscapularis muscle inserts on the __________. lesser tubercle of the humerus intertubercular groove of the humerus greater tubercle of the humerus deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
lesser tubercle of the humerus
Which of the following muscles is named for its action? frontalis biceps brachii levator labii superioris gluteus minimus
levator labii superioris
Which of the following muscles is not a rotator cuff muscle? subscapularis levator scapulae supraspinatus teres minor
levator scapulae
The four muscles that comprise the posterior group of the pectoral girdle are the __________. levator scapulae, rhomboideus minor, rhomboideus major, and trapezius rhomboideus minor, teres minor, trapezius, and levator scapulae pectoralis minor, rhomboideus major, levator scapulae, and trapezius levator scapulae, rhomboideus minor, rhomboideus major, and pectoralis major
levator scapulae, rhomboideus minor, rhomboideus major, and trapezius
The origin that the vastus medialis muscle shares with the vastus lateralis is the __________. lesser trochanter patellar tendon greater trochanter linea aspera of the femor
linea aspera of the femor
If a lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage, it means that the ________. load is near the fulcrum and the effort is at the distal end lever system is useless effort is farther than the load from the fulcrum load is far from the fulcrum and the effort is applied near the fulcrum
load is far from the fulcrum and the effort is applied near the fulcrum
To keep the humeral head centered within the glenoidal cavity the rotator cuff muscles must be __________. located in the same plane located anteriorly located distally located posteriorly
located in the same plane
The masseter is innervated by the _____________ branch of the trigeminal nerve. lingual mandibular maxillary ophthalmic
mandibular
The masseter muscle originates on the __________. medial surfaces of the maxilla and the zygomatic arch as well as the inferior border of the zygomatic arch medial surface of maxilla, but not the zygomatic arch inferior border of the zygomatic arch only medial and lateral surfaces of the maxilla and the inferior and superior border of the zygomatic arch
medial surfaces of the maxilla and the zygomatic arch as well as the inferior border of the zygomatic arch
The latissimus dorsi inserts __________. on the intertubercular groove of the humerus on the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus on the greater tubercle of the humerus on the lesser tubercle of the humerus
on the intertubercular groove of the humerus
Which movement is not associated with the scapula? elevation protraction opposition depression
opposition
The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the __________. clavicular nerves sternal nerve ulnar nerves pectoral nerves
pectoral nerves
To allow for flexion, the __________ unlocks the knee joint. popliteus biceps femoris semimembranosus sartorius
popliteus
Which of the following muscles does not act in plantar flexion? popliteus gastrocnemius and soleus flexor digitorum longus tibialis posterior
popliteus
The semitendinosus muscle lies ______________ to the semimembranosus muscle. deep posterior anterior lateral
posterior
The biceps femoris is located in the __________. anterior arm posterior thigh anterior thigh posterior arm
posterior thigh
All fibers of the semimembranosus muscle converge to insert on the __________. posterior femur posterior tibia anterior tibia anterior femur
posterior tibia
The muscles that extend the forearm are located __________. laterally anteriorly medially posteriorly
posteriorly
What are the levers that operate at a mechanical advantage called? speed levers functional levers power levers dysfunctional levers
power levers
joint of the shoulder but is designed more for __________ than ___________. speed; precision precision; power power; precision precision; speed
power; precision
Of all the flexor muscles of the forearm, the __________ is the shortest. flexor ulnaris flexor carpi radialis longus pronator teres flexor digitorum superficialis
pronator teres
The origins of the rectus abdominus muscle are on the __________. pubic bone ischial bone ileum bone sacral bone
pubic bone
The most powerful muscle in the body is the ________. quadriceps femoris rectus abdominis gluteus maximus gastrocnemius
quadriceps femoris
All fibers of the triceps brachii are innervated by the __________. axillary nerve humeral nerve radial nerve ulnar nerve
radial nerve
The two heads of the biceps brachii combine to insert on the __________. ulnar notch olecranon process radial tuberosity radial notch
radial tuberosity
The two heads of the biceps brachii muscle come together distally to insert on the __________. deltoid tuberosity styloid process of the radius ulnar tuberosity radial tuberosity
radial tuberosity
The two heads of the biceps brachii muscle converge distally to insert on the __________. ulna ulnar notch radial tuberosity scapula
radial tuberosity
Which of the following movements demonstrates a first-class lever? standing on your toes flexing your knee to raise your heel toward your buttocks lifting a rock with your right hand and arm raising your head up off your chest
raising your head up off your chest
Which of the following muscles fixes and depresses the ribs and stabilizes the pelvis during walking? external oblique transversus abdominis rectus abdominis internal oblique
rectus abdominis
Which is CORRECTLY matched? brevis: long transverse: parallel to the long axis deltoid: at a right angle to the long axis rectus: straight
rectus: straight
The infraspinatus muscle is included in the __________ muscles. lateral rotator rotator cuff medial rotator respiratory muscles of the shoulder
rotator cuff
Which movement results after the contraction of the serratus anterior muscle? scapular elevation scapular protraction and rotation scapular retraction abduction of the humerus
scapular protraction and rotation
All fibers of the trapezius muscle are innervated by the __________. spinal accessory nerve scapular nerve axillary nerve coxal nerve
spinal accessory nerve
Spasms of this straplike muscle often result in wryneck or torticollis. platysma serratus anterior sternocleidomastoid zygomaticus
sternocleidomastoid
Which of the following muscles is named for its origin and insertion? sternocleidomastoid trapezius deltoid gluteus maximus
sternocleidomastoid
The angle of which muscle prevents the humeral head from sliding upward out of the joint as the arm is raised? subscapularis infraspinatus supraspinatus teres minor
subscapularis
The gluteus medius muscle is innervated by the __________. superior coxial nerve superior gluteal nerve inferior coxial nerve inferior gluteal nerve
superior gluteal nerve
The rhomboid minor muscle sits __________. inferior to the rhomboid major superficial to the rhomboid major superior to the rhomboid major deep to the rhomboid major
superior to the rhomboid major
Downward dislocation of the humerus from the glenohumeral joint when carrying weight is prevented by the __________. infraspinatus muscle subscapularis muscle teres minor muscle supraspinatus muscle
supraspinatus muscle
The temporalis muscle originates on the __________ and inserts on the __________. temporal process; mandibular fossa temporal fossa; zygomatic arch temporal fossa; coronoid process of mandible zygomatic arch; temporal fossa
temporal fossa; coronoid process of mandible
The posterior scapular muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the __________. pectoralis major teres major teres minor latissimus dorsi
teres major
Which of the following is NOT a rotator cuff muscle? infraspinatus subscapularis supraspinatus teres major
teres major
Which of the following muscles assists during extension of the glenohumeral joint, but is not as a prime mover? deltoid biceps brachii teres major latissimus dorsi
teres major
Which muscle is not part of the rotator cuff? teres minor muscle supraspinatus muscle infraspinatus muscle teres major muscle
teres major muscle
Which of the following groups of muscles are not muscles of the shoulder? the anterior flexor muscles muscles that act on the pectoral girdle muscles that stabilize and cross the glenohumeral joint the rotator cuff muscles
the anterior flexor muscles
Tennis players often complain about pain in the arm (forearm) that swings the racquet. What muscle is usually strained under these conditions? the flexor digitorum profundus the anconeus the triceps brachii the brachioradialis
the brachioradialis
The two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle converge to insert onto __________. digits two through five the middle phalanx of digit one the calcaneus the posterior surface of the tibia
the calcaneus
What is the major factor controlling how levers work? the structural characteristics of the muscles of the person using the lever the difference in the positioning of the effort, load, and fulcrum the direction the load is being moved the weight of the load
the difference in the positioning of the effort, load, and fulcrum
Which of the following muscles is involved in producing horizontal wrinkles in the forehead? the frontal belly of the epicranius the temporalis the zygomaticus major the medial pterygoid
the frontal belly of the epicranius
Which of the following muscles inserts by the calcaneal tendon? the sartorius the tibialis anterior the semitendinosus the gastrocnemius
the gastrocnemius
Which of the following muscles is involved in crossing one leg over the other while in a sitting position? the quadriceps femoris the gastrocnemius all of the hamstrings the sartorius
the sartorius
Which group of muscles flexes and rotates the neck? the scalenes the spinalis the splenius the iliocostalis
the scalenes
Which joint is considered the most flexible joint in the body? the elbow joint the hip joint the shoulder joint the wrist joint
the shoulder joint
What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle? the length the number of neurons innervating it the total number of muscle cells available for contraction the shap
the total number of muscle cells available for contraction
Which of these is not a way of classifying muscles? muscle location the type of muscle fibers the type of action they cause muscle shape
the type of muscle fibers
Which of the following muscles serves as a common intramuscular injection site, particularly in infants? the vastus medialis the vastus lateralis rectus femoris the vastus intermedius
the vastus lateralis
Which muscle group is involved when a "pulled groin" occurs? thigh adductors hamstrings quadricepts lateral rotators
thigh adductors
If L = load, F = fulcrum, and E = effort, what type of lever system is described as LEF? first-class lever fourth-class lever second-class lever third-class lever
third-class lever
Most skeletal muscles of the body act in ________. first-class lever systems second-class lever systems power lever systems third-class lever systems
third-class lever systems
The tibialis posterior muscle originates at which three locations? tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane tibia, patellar surface, and interosseous membrane tibia, femur, and interosseous membrane fibula, patellar surface, and interosseous membrane
tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane
The gastrocnemius muscle is innervated by the __________. ulnar nerve plantar nerve tibial nerve fibular nerve
tibial nerve
The semitendinosus muscle is innervated by the __________ nerve. patellar coxal femoral tibial portion of the sciatic
tibial portion of the sciatic
Which of the following muscles is involved in inversion at the ankle joint? tibialis anterior peroneus tertius extensor digitorum longus peroneus longus
tibialis anterior
The supraspinatus is named for its location on the posterior aspect of the scapula above the spine. What is its action? to extend and medially rotate the humerus and to act as a synergist of the latissimus dorsi to help hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity and rotate the humerus laterally to stabilize the shoulder joint and help prevent downward location of the humerus and to assist in abduction to flex and adduct the humerus and to act as a synergist of the pectoralis major
to stabilize the shoulder joint and help prevent downward location of the humerus and to assist in abduction
The origins of the levator scapula are from the ___________ of four cervical vertebrae. fascia bodies transverse processes spinous processes
transverse processes
The main forearm extensor is the ________. triceps brachii biceps brachii supinator palmaris longus
triceps brachii
The temporalis muscle is innervated by the mandibular branch of the __________. abducens nerve optic nerve trigeminal nerve trochlear nerve
trigeminal nerve
Deep muscles of the thorax promote movements for breathing. True False
true
Electromyography is the recording and interpretation of graphic records of the electrical activity of contracting muscles. True False
true
In order to propel food down to the esophagus, the pharyngeal constrictor muscles are used. True False
true
Most superficial thorax muscles are extrinsic shoulder muscles. True False
true
Muscle power does not depend on the direction of the fascicles. True False
true
Muscle spasms of the back often are due to the erector spinae contraction. True False
true
Muscles are only able to pull, they never push. True False
true
Muscles connecting to the hyoid bone are important for swallowing and speech. True False
true
Muscles that help maintain upright posture are fixators. True False
true
Regardless of type, all levers follow the same basic principle: effort farther than load from fulcrum = mechanical advantage; effort nearer than load to fulcrum = mechanical disadvantage. True False
true
The anterior axial muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the pectoralis major muscle. True False
true
The arrangement of a muscle's fascicles determines its range of motion and power. True False
true
The broadest muscle of the back is the latissimus dorsi. True False
true
The calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon) is the largest, strongest tendon in the body. True False
true
The major head flexors are the sternocleidomastoid muscles, with the help of the muscles attached to the hyoid bone. True False
true
The muscle that prevents the biting of the cheek when chewing is the buccinator. True False
true
The muscles of facial expression insert into skin or other muscles, not bones. True False
true
The soleus is a synergist of the gastrocnemius during plantar flexion. True False
true
Which of the following muscles is not a member of the hamstrings group? biceps femoris semitendinosus semimembranosus vastus intermedius
vastus intermedius
Which of the following is NOT used as a criterion for naming muscles? whether the muscle is controlled by the involuntary or voluntary nervous system the location of the muscle the number of origins for the muscle the locations of the muscle attachments the shape of the muscle
whether the muscle is controlled by the involuntary or voluntary nervous system