Muscles MA&P

Without lateral rotation of the humerus by the teres minor and infraspinatus muscles, the maximum angle of abduction by the deltoid would be __________. 180 degrees 30 degrees 75 degrees 90 degrees

90 degrees

________ are the muscles primarily responsible for producing a particular movement. Agonists Synergists Fixators Antagonists

Agonists

What do the geniohyoid, hyoglossus, and stylohyoid muscles have in common? All names reflect direction of muscle fibers. All names indicate the relative size of the muscle. All act on the tongue. Each acts synergistically to elevate the jaw.

All act on the tongue.

A sports hernia is an athletic injury due to a tear of muscles that insert on the pubic bone. Which of the following muscles would not be affected due to this injury Adductor magnus Internal oblique Pectineus All of the above have an attachment on the pubic bone and could be damaged in a sports hernia.

All of the above have an attachment on the pubic bone and could be damaged in a sports hernia.

Which generalization concerning movement by skeletal muscles is not true? Muscles produce movement by pulling on bones. During contraction the two articulating bones move equally. The movements produced may be of graded intensity. The bones serve as levers.

During contraction the two articulating bones move equally.

Which muscle assists with strenuous breathing by elevating the rib cage for the inspiration phase of breathing?

External intercostals

Hernia

Hernias are typically caused by an increase in intra-abdominal pressure, such as improper lifting techniques (not exhaling when lifting the weight), pregnancy, straining while having a bowel movement (constipation), or a chronic cough. Sometimes an individual has a genetic predisposition to developing a hernia.

Which of the following best describes the orbicularis oris? It draws the eyebrows together. It closes, purses, and protrudes the lips. It pulls the lower lip down and back. It closes the eye.

It closes, purses, and protrudes the lips.

A nurse can facilitate respiratory functioning by encouraging deep breathing exercises such as diaphragmatic breathing. What is diaphragmatic breathing? It is the alternating contraction of the external and internal intercostals muscles to aid inspiration and expiration. It is the contraction of the external intercostal muscles to lift the ribcage, aiding inspiration. It is the alternating contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm, causing a decrease in pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity and facilitating blood flow to the heart. It is the alternating contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm, causing an increase in pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity and facilitating blood flow to the heart. It is the contraction of the internal intercostals muscles to depress the ribcage, aiding expiration.

It is the alternating contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm, causing an increase in pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity and facilitating blood flow to the heart.

Donna was rushing to class and slipped on a patch of ice and fell backward. An x-ray revealed a broken coccyx. All the associated muscles were bruised. Which muscles were they? Ischiocavernosus, coccygeus, and gluteus maximus Levator ani and coccygeus Gluteus maximus, coccygeus, and levator ani Perineal muscle, levator ani, and coccygeus Coccygeus and gluteus maximus

Levator ani and coccygeus

A young pregnant woman went to a childbirth class and the instructor informed them about strengthening the muscles of the pelvic floor. What are these muscles, and why should she strengthen them? Gluteus maximus, coccygeus, and levator ani; strengthening these muscles helps in correctly positioning and orienting the child prior to birth. Ischiocavernosus, coccygeus, and gluteus maximus; strengthening these muscles helps in correctly positioning and orienting the child prior to birth. Perineal muscle, levator ani, and coccygeus; strengthening these muscles helps in the delivery of the child by resisting downward forces when "pushing." Coccygeus and gluteus maximus; strengthening these muscles helps in correctly positioning and orienting the child prior to birth. Levator ani and coccygeus; strengthening these muscles helps in the delivery of the child by resisting downward forces when "pushing."

Levator ani and coccygeus; strengthening these muscles helps in the delivery of the child by resisting downward forces when "pushing."

Which of the following statements about muscles of the elbow joint is true? The brachioradialis originates and inserts on the ulna. The biceps brachii has two heads that share the same origin site. The biceps brachii is a posterior extensor. None of these statements is correct.

None of these statements is correct.

Susan has always hated the wrinkles and "laugh lines" in the corner of her mouth. She decides to have Botox injected to remove them. Which muscle is the best candidate for the injection? Masseter Orbicularis oculi Mentalis Orbicularis oris

Orbicularis oris

James needed to have his hernia surgically repaired. This can be done through laparoscopic surgery. The surgeon must cut through to the herniated area and put a Teflon mesh underneath the hernia to close it off and provide more support to the area. Use your knowledge of anatomy to select the correct sequence of structures that would be cut for this procedure. Make sure you select the structures in the order they would be cut by the surgeon.

Skin, hypodermis, subcutaneous fat, external oblique aponeurosis, internal oblique, transverse abdominis, peritoneum

The rhomboideus minor muscle originates on which process on the vertebrae? Pedicle Transverse process Posterior process Spinous process

Spinous process

Impingement syndrome is a common shoulder injury that results from excessive abduction of the shoulder. Which muscle does this occur in? Infraspinatus Deltoid Teres minor Supraspinatus

Supraspinatus

The names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle. What does the term levator mean? The muscle functions as a synergist. The muscle is a fixator and stabilizes a bone or joint. The muscle flexes and rotates a region. The muscle elevates and/or adducts a region.

The muscle elevates and/or adducts a region.

When the term biceps, triceps, or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, what does it tell you about the muscle? The muscle is able to change direction twice, three times, or four times faster than other muscles, respectively. The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively. The muscle has two, three, or four functions, respectively. The muscle has two, three, or four insertions, respectively.

The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively.

Which of the following statements about muscles of the forearm is true? The pronator teres originates on the medial epicondyle and inserts on the radius. Contraction of the pronator quadratus and the supinator results in forearm pronation. The pronator quadratus originates on the radius and inserts on the ulna. The pronator quadratus is a two-headed muscle.

The pronator teres originates on the medial epicondyle and inserts on the radius.

Which of the following describes the suprahyoid muscles? They are often called strap muscles. They depress the larynx and hyoid bone if the mandible is fixed. They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity. They move the pharynx superiorly during swallowing.

They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity.

Why are the muscles that move the fingers and wrist located in the forearm? a This design allows the muscles to contract more rapidly. b This design allows the hand and fingers to have greater sensitivity to environmental stimuli. c This design allows the hand to maintain fine motor control and strength without the interference of bulky muscles. d This design allows for less torque strength by the tendons of the fingers.

This design allows the hand to maintain fine motor control and strength without the interference of bulky muscles.

Which type of lever is demonstrated by using scissors? a first-class lever a second-class lever a third-class lever a fourth-class lever

a first-class lever

What type of muscle assists an agonist by causing a like movement or by stabilizing a joint over which an agonist acts? a prime mover an antagonist an agonist a synergist

a synergist

The teres major adducts the arm but does not __________ the arm. extend abduct medially rotate or extend medially rotates

abduct

The middle fibers of the deltoid muscle __________. medially rotate the arm laterally rotate the arm adduct the arm abduct the arm

abduct the arm

Movement of the shoulder laterally away from the body is called __________. abduction extension adduction flexion

abduction

The location of the rotator cuff muscles in relation to the glenohumoral joint minimizes the upward pressure against the __________. humerus clavicle coracoid process of the scapula acromion of the scapula

acromion of the scapula

The primary function of the pectoral girdle is to __________. provide the only connection between the humerus and the scapula provide the only connection between the arm and the axial skeleton act as an attachment point for the rotator cuff muscles act as an attachment site for muscles that move the arm

act as an attachment site for muscles that move the arm

One of the actions of the latissimus dorsi muscle is to __________. flex the arm adduct the arm lateral rotation of the arm abduct the arm

adduct the arm

A reduction in the lateral angle of the glenohumeral joint in relation to the anatomical position would be called __________. abduction adduction extension flexion

adduction

Which of the following muscles is a flexor of the thigh? tibialis posterior adductor magnus gluteus maximus vastus lateralis

adductor magnus

producing a specific movement? Which functional group has the major responsibility for producing a specific movement? fixators synergists agonists antagonists

agonists

What is a muscle that provides the major force for producing a specific movement called? a synergist a fixator an agonist an antagonist

an agonist

Which of the following is not true of the deep fascia of the leg? prevents excess swelling of the muscles; separates anterior and posterior muscles; an insertion for the majority of lower leg muscles; aids in venous return

an insertion for the majority of lower leg muscles

The smallest of the posterior extensors of the elbow joint is the __________. brachioradialis anconeus biceps brachii triceps brachii

anconeus

A muscle that opposes, or reverses, a particular movement is a(n) ________. antagonist agonist synergist fixator

antagonist

The origin of the Sartorius muscle is from the __________ spine. posterior inferior iliac posterior superior iliac anterior superior iliac anterior inferior iliac

anterior superior iliac

At its insertion (unlike at its origin), the buccinator muscle __________. attaches to fibers of another facial muscle attaches to a prominent point on the mandible attaches at two distinct sites on the bone converges on a single process of the mandible

attaches to fibers of another facial muscle

Forearm supination is assisted by the triceps brachii biceps brachii supinator brachioradialis

biceps brachii

Which of the following is a hamstring muscle? rectus femoris vastus medialis fastus lateralis biceps femoris

biceps femoris

Which of the following muscles is not part of the shoulder? brachialis supraspinatus infraspinatus subscapularis

brachialis

The primary function of the deep muscles of the thorax is to promote ________. breathing vomiting back posture swallowing

breathing

A nursing infant develops a powerful sucking muscle that adults also use for whistling. What is this muscle called? platysma zygomaticus masseter buccinator

buccinator

The ________ muscles compress the cheeks to help keep food between the grinding surfaces of the teeth while chewing. buccinator medial pterygoid temporalis masseter

buccinator

The pectoral girdle consists of the __________. clavicle and scapula clavicle and humerus scapula and humerus clavicle, scapula, and humerus

clavicle and scapula

The buccinator muscle __________. purses the lips does not function during chewing raises the corners of the mouth compresses the cheeks

compresses the cheeks

The actions of the internal obliques include __________. compression of the rib cage to assist in forced expiration compression of the rib cage to assist in forced inspiration compression of the abdomen to assist in forced inspiration compression of the abdomen to assist in forced expiration

compression of the abdomen to assist in forced expiration

Which of the following is CORRECTLY matched? convergent arrangement of fascicles: fan shaped muscle circular arrangement of fascicles: describes the deltoid muscle pennate arrangement of fascicles: spindle-shaped muscle parallel arrangement of fascicles: characteristic of sphincter muscles

convergent arrangement of fascicles: fan shaped muscle

The coracobrachialis muscle originates on the __________. medial surface of the humeral shaft radial tuberosity coracoid process of the scapula greater tuberosity of the humerus

coracoid process of the scapula

The forearm muscles can be divided into anterior flexors and posterior extensors, as well as __________.

deep and superficial layers

Of the nine muscles that cross the shoulder joint and insert on the humerus, which muscle is considered to be a prime mover? coracobrachialis supraspinatus deltoid pectoralis minor

deltoid

The __________ is a prime mover of the glenohumeral joint during flexion. teres major deltoid biceps brachii coracobrachialis

deltoid

The muscle that subdivides the ventral body cavity into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities is the ________. diaphragm transversus abdominis quadratus lumborum internal oblique

diaphragm

Which is(are) the most important muscle(s) of inspiration (inhalation)? rectus abdominis diaphragm external intercostals internal intercostals

diaphragm

Muscles of the shoulder can be divided into groups based on __________. location (anterior and posterior) size distribution and functional relationships location (superior and inferior)

distribution and functional relationships

The origin of the serratus anterior includes __________ ribs. six ten seven eight

eight

The action that moves the scapula towards the head is called __________. medial rotation protraction retraction elevation

elevation

The vastus intermedius __________ the leg at the knee. extends laterally rotates flexes medially rotates

extends

The semimembranosus __________ the thigh at the hip and __________ the leg at the knee. extends; flexes adducts; extends abducts; flexes flexes; extends

extends; flexes

The gluteus maximus is the most powerful muscle during __________. extension flexion lateral rotation medial rotation

extension

What muscle is primarily responsible for preventing foot drop? extensor hallucis longus extensor digitorum longus fibularis tertius tibialis anterior

extensor digitorum longus

The buccinator muscle is innervated by the __________. vagus nerve facial nerve trigeminal nerve abducens nerve

facial nerve

A pair of tweezers is a good example of a second-class lever. True False

false

Although all skeletal muscles have different shapes, the fascicle arrangement of each muscle is exactly the same. True False

false

Both first- and second-class levers operate at a mechanical disadvantage. True False

false

Muscles that help to maintain posture are often called synergists. True False

false

The deltoid is a prime mover of the arm that acts in adduction. True False

false

The more a muscle shortens during a contraction, the greater the power of the muscle. True False

false

The vastus lateralis is innervated by the __________. tibial nerve sacral nerve fibular nerve femoral nerve

femoral nerve

The lateral rotators act on the __________. os coxae lumbar vertebrae sacrum femur

femur

The origin of the external obliques includes ribs __________. seven through twelve six through twelve eight through twelve five through twelve

five through twelve

Both heads of the biceps femoris muscle __________. extend the hip extend the leg at the knee flex the leg at the knee flex the hip

flex the leg at the knee

The soleus muscle __________ the foot at the ankle and is innervated by the __________. flexes; tibial nerve flexes; fibular nerve extends; fibular nerve extends; tibial nerve

flexes; tibial nerve

The actions of the internal intercostals are most important during __________. normal expiration forced expiration normal inspiration forced inspiration

forced expiration

Abduction requires the action of two muscles, and adduction requires the action of __________. three muscles two muscles four muscles one muscle

four muscles

The soleus muscle shares an insertion with the __________. fibularis longus muscle flexor hallucis longus flexor digitorum longus gastrocnemius muscle

gastrocnemius muscle

A cute, little curly-haired child is sitting behind you in church. You turn around for a moment and she sticks her tongue out at you. Which tongue muscle did she use? genioglossus stylohyoid hyoglossus orbicularis oris

genioglossus

The rotator cuff is a term used to describe the group of muscles and tendons that stabilize and reinforce the __________. pectoral girdle glenohumeral joint scapula elbow joint

glenohumeral joint

Which of the following is not a member of the hamstrings? biceps femoris semitendinosus semimembranosus gracilis

gracilis

The infraspinatus inserts on the ____________ of the humerus. acromial process of the scapula coranoid process of the scapula lesser tubercle of the humerus greater tubercle of the humerus

greater tubercle of the humerus

The insertion of the supraspinatus muscle is on the __________. greater tubercle of the humerus lesser tubercle of the humerus spinous process of the scapula intertubercular groove of the humerus

greater tubercle of the humerus

The insertion of the teres minor is on the __________. intertubercular groove of the humerus greater tubercle of the humerus lesser tubercle of the humerus lateral border of the scapula

greater tubercle of the humerus

Paralysis of which of the following muscles would make an individual unable to flex the knee? hamstring muscles gluteal muscles brachioradialis soleus

hamstring muscles

All the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles combine at which location? scapula humeral head radial tuberosity coranoid process

humeral head

The majority of the fibers of the gluteus maximus insert onto the __________. superior border of the os coxae ileotibial tract gluteal tuberosity inferior border of the os coxae

ileotibial tract

Paralysis of which of the following would make an individual unable to flex the thigh? iliopsoas and rectus femoris biceps femoris soleus vastus medialis

iliopsoas and rectus femoris

First-class levers ________. have load at one end of the lever, fulcrum at the other, and effort applied somewhere in the middle are the type using joints forming the ball of the foot as formed in raising the body on the toes in the body can operate at a mechanical advantage or mechanical disadvantage, depending on specific location are typified by tweezers or forceps

in the body can operate at a mechanical advantage or mechanical disadvantage, depending on specific location

The origin of the long head of the triceps brachii is on the __________. infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula posterior shaft of the humerus olecranon process of the ulna anterior shaft of the humerus

infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

The external intercostals elevate the rib cage during __________. inspiration neither inspiration nor expiration both expiration and inspiration expiration

inspiration

The transversus abdominus muscle is innervated by the __________. inguinal nerve left scapular nerve thoracic nerve intercostals nerves

intercostals nerves

Which muscles is (are) contracted to exhale forcibly? external intercostals and diaphragm rectus abdominis and diaphragm internal intercostals and rectus abdominus diaphragm alone

internal intercostals and rectus abdominus

All fibers of the pectoralis major muscle converge on the lateral edge of the__________. deltoid tuberosity intertubercular sulcus radial tuberosity greater tuberosity

intertubercular sulcus

The tibialis anterior muscle dorsiflexes the foot at the ankle and also assists in __________ of the foot. inversion eversion extension plantar flexion

inversion

The hamstring muscles originate on the __________. ischial tuberosity lesser trochanter of the femur medial surface of the fibula medial surface of the tibia

ischial tuberosity

The long head of the biceps femoris muscle originates on the __________. iliac crest anterior superior iliac spine ischial tuberosity posterior superior iliac spine

ischial tuberosity

The tensor fasciae latae stabilizes the hip joint and the __________ joint. sacral knee elbow ankle

knee

The trapezius muscle may be separated into all of the following groups, except __________. lateral middle superior inferior

lateral

The trapezius muscle may be separated into all of the following groups, except __________. lateral middle superior inferior

lateral

The origins of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle are the __________. lateral condyle and posterior surface of the femur medial condyle and posterior surface of the femur patellar surface and posterior surface of the femur patellar surface and anterior surface of the femur

lateral condyle and posterior surface of the femur

An origin of the supinator is the __________.

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

The actions of the rhomboid major on the scapula do not include __________. medial rotation elevation adduction lateral rotation

lateral rotation

The posterior axial muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the __________. brachioradialis trapezius pectoralis major latissimus dorsi

latissimus dorsi

Which of the following is not a muscle primarily involved in the breathing process? internal intercostal diaphragm latissimus dorsi external intercostal

latissimus dorsi

The subscapularis muscle inserts on the __________. lesser tubercle of the humerus intertubercular groove of the humerus greater tubercle of the humerus deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

lesser tubercle of the humerus

Which of the following muscles is named for its action? frontalis biceps brachii levator labii superioris gluteus minimus

levator labii superioris

Which of the following muscles is not a rotator cuff muscle? subscapularis levator scapulae supraspinatus teres minor

levator scapulae

The four muscles that comprise the posterior group of the pectoral girdle are the __________. levator scapulae, rhomboideus minor, rhomboideus major, and trapezius rhomboideus minor, teres minor, trapezius, and levator scapulae pectoralis minor, rhomboideus major, levator scapulae, and trapezius levator scapulae, rhomboideus minor, rhomboideus major, and pectoralis major

levator scapulae, rhomboideus minor, rhomboideus major, and trapezius

The origin that the vastus medialis muscle shares with the vastus lateralis is the __________. lesser trochanter patellar tendon greater trochanter linea aspera of the femor

linea aspera of the femor

If a lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage, it means that the ________. load is near the fulcrum and the effort is at the distal end lever system is useless effort is farther than the load from the fulcrum load is far from the fulcrum and the effort is applied near the fulcrum

load is far from the fulcrum and the effort is applied near the fulcrum

To keep the humeral head centered within the glenoidal cavity the rotator cuff muscles must be __________. located in the same plane located anteriorly located distally located posteriorly

located in the same plane

The masseter is innervated by the _____________ branch of the trigeminal nerve. lingual mandibular maxillary ophthalmic

mandibular

The masseter muscle originates on the __________. medial surfaces of the maxilla and the zygomatic arch as well as the inferior border of the zygomatic arch medial surface of maxilla, but not the zygomatic arch inferior border of the zygomatic arch only medial and lateral surfaces of the maxilla and the inferior and superior border of the zygomatic arch

medial surfaces of the maxilla and the zygomatic arch as well as the inferior border of the zygomatic arch

The latissimus dorsi inserts __________. on the intertubercular groove of the humerus on the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus on the greater tubercle of the humerus on the lesser tubercle of the humerus

on the intertubercular groove of the humerus

Which movement is not associated with the scapula? elevation protraction opposition depression

opposition

The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the __________. clavicular nerves sternal nerve ulnar nerves pectoral nerves

pectoral nerves

To allow for flexion, the __________ unlocks the knee joint. popliteus biceps femoris semimembranosus sartorius

popliteus

Which of the following muscles does not act in plantar flexion? popliteus gastrocnemius and soleus flexor digitorum longus tibialis posterior

popliteus

The semitendinosus muscle lies ______________ to the semimembranosus muscle. deep posterior anterior lateral

posterior

The biceps femoris is located in the __________. anterior arm posterior thigh anterior thigh posterior arm

posterior thigh

All fibers of the semimembranosus muscle converge to insert on the __________. posterior femur posterior tibia anterior tibia anterior femur

posterior tibia

The muscles that extend the forearm are located __________. laterally anteriorly medially posteriorly

posteriorly

What are the levers that operate at a mechanical advantage called? speed levers functional levers power levers dysfunctional levers

power levers

joint of the shoulder but is designed more for __________ than ___________. speed; precision precision; power power; precision precision; speed

power; precision

Of all the flexor muscles of the forearm, the __________ is the shortest. flexor ulnaris flexor carpi radialis longus pronator teres flexor digitorum superficialis

pronator teres

The origins of the rectus abdominus muscle are on the __________. pubic bone ischial bone ileum bone sacral bone

pubic bone

The most powerful muscle in the body is the ________. quadriceps femoris rectus abdominis gluteus maximus gastrocnemius

quadriceps femoris

All fibers of the triceps brachii are innervated by the __________. axillary nerve humeral nerve radial nerve ulnar nerve

radial nerve

The two heads of the biceps brachii combine to insert on the __________. ulnar notch olecranon process radial tuberosity radial notch

radial tuberosity

The two heads of the biceps brachii muscle come together distally to insert on the __________. deltoid tuberosity styloid process of the radius ulnar tuberosity radial tuberosity

radial tuberosity

The two heads of the biceps brachii muscle converge distally to insert on the __________. ulna ulnar notch radial tuberosity scapula

radial tuberosity

Which of the following movements demonstrates a first-class lever? standing on your toes flexing your knee to raise your heel toward your buttocks lifting a rock with your right hand and arm raising your head up off your chest

raising your head up off your chest

Which of the following muscles fixes and depresses the ribs and stabilizes the pelvis during walking? external oblique transversus abdominis rectus abdominis internal oblique

rectus abdominis

Which is CORRECTLY matched? brevis: long transverse: parallel to the long axis deltoid: at a right angle to the long axis rectus: straight

rectus: straight

The infraspinatus muscle is included in the __________ muscles. lateral rotator rotator cuff medial rotator respiratory muscles of the shoulder

rotator cuff

Which movement results after the contraction of the serratus anterior muscle? scapular elevation scapular protraction and rotation scapular retraction abduction of the humerus

scapular protraction and rotation

All fibers of the trapezius muscle are innervated by the __________. spinal accessory nerve scapular nerve axillary nerve coxal nerve

spinal accessory nerve

Spasms of this straplike muscle often result in wryneck or torticollis. platysma serratus anterior sternocleidomastoid zygomaticus

sternocleidomastoid

Which of the following muscles is named for its origin and insertion? sternocleidomastoid trapezius deltoid gluteus maximus

sternocleidomastoid

The angle of which muscle prevents the humeral head from sliding upward out of the joint as the arm is raised? subscapularis infraspinatus supraspinatus teres minor

subscapularis

The gluteus medius muscle is innervated by the __________. superior coxial nerve superior gluteal nerve inferior coxial nerve inferior gluteal nerve

superior gluteal nerve

The rhomboid minor muscle sits __________. inferior to the rhomboid major superficial to the rhomboid major superior to the rhomboid major deep to the rhomboid major

superior to the rhomboid major

Downward dislocation of the humerus from the glenohumeral joint when carrying weight is prevented by the __________. infraspinatus muscle subscapularis muscle teres minor muscle supraspinatus muscle

supraspinatus muscle

The temporalis muscle originates on the __________ and inserts on the __________. temporal process; mandibular fossa temporal fossa; zygomatic arch temporal fossa; coronoid process of mandible zygomatic arch; temporal fossa

temporal fossa; coronoid process of mandible

The posterior scapular muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the __________. pectoralis major teres major teres minor latissimus dorsi

teres major

Which of the following is NOT a rotator cuff muscle? infraspinatus subscapularis supraspinatus teres major

teres major

Which of the following muscles assists during extension of the glenohumeral joint, but is not as a prime mover? deltoid biceps brachii teres major latissimus dorsi

teres major

Which muscle is not part of the rotator cuff? teres minor muscle supraspinatus muscle infraspinatus muscle teres major muscle

teres major muscle

Which of the following groups of muscles are not muscles of the shoulder? the anterior flexor muscles muscles that act on the pectoral girdle muscles that stabilize and cross the glenohumeral joint the rotator cuff muscles

the anterior flexor muscles

Tennis players often complain about pain in the arm (forearm) that swings the racquet. What muscle is usually strained under these conditions? the flexor digitorum profundus the anconeus the triceps brachii the brachioradialis

the brachioradialis

The two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle converge to insert onto __________. digits two through five the middle phalanx of digit one the calcaneus the posterior surface of the tibia

the calcaneus

What is the major factor controlling how levers work? the structural characteristics of the muscles of the person using the lever the difference in the positioning of the effort, load, and fulcrum the direction the load is being moved the weight of the load

the difference in the positioning of the effort, load, and fulcrum

Which of the following muscles is involved in producing horizontal wrinkles in the forehead? the frontal belly of the epicranius the temporalis the zygomaticus major the medial pterygoid

the frontal belly of the epicranius

Which of the following muscles inserts by the calcaneal tendon? the sartorius the tibialis anterior the semitendinosus the gastrocnemius

the gastrocnemius

Which of the following muscles is involved in crossing one leg over the other while in a sitting position? the quadriceps femoris the gastrocnemius all of the hamstrings the sartorius

the sartorius

Which group of muscles flexes and rotates the neck? the scalenes the spinalis the splenius the iliocostalis

the scalenes

Which joint is considered the most flexible joint in the body? the elbow joint the hip joint the shoulder joint the wrist joint

the shoulder joint

What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle? the length the number of neurons innervating it the total number of muscle cells available for contraction the shap

the total number of muscle cells available for contraction

Which of these is not a way of classifying muscles? muscle location the type of muscle fibers the type of action they cause muscle shape

the type of muscle fibers

Which of the following muscles serves as a common intramuscular injection site, particularly in infants? the vastus medialis the vastus lateralis rectus femoris the vastus intermedius

the vastus lateralis

Which muscle group is involved when a "pulled groin" occurs? thigh adductors hamstrings quadricepts lateral rotators

thigh adductors

If L = load, F = fulcrum, and E = effort, what type of lever system is described as LEF? first-class lever fourth-class lever second-class lever third-class lever

third-class lever

Most skeletal muscles of the body act in ________. first-class lever systems second-class lever systems power lever systems third-class lever systems

third-class lever systems

The tibialis posterior muscle originates at which three locations? tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane tibia, patellar surface, and interosseous membrane tibia, femur, and interosseous membrane fibula, patellar surface, and interosseous membrane

tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane

The gastrocnemius muscle is innervated by the __________. ulnar nerve plantar nerve tibial nerve fibular nerve

tibial nerve

The semitendinosus muscle is innervated by the __________ nerve. patellar coxal femoral tibial portion of the sciatic

tibial portion of the sciatic

Which of the following muscles is involved in inversion at the ankle joint? tibialis anterior peroneus tertius extensor digitorum longus peroneus longus

tibialis anterior

The supraspinatus is named for its location on the posterior aspect of the scapula above the spine. What is its action? to extend and medially rotate the humerus and to act as a synergist of the latissimus dorsi to help hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity and rotate the humerus laterally to stabilize the shoulder joint and help prevent downward location of the humerus and to assist in abduction to flex and adduct the humerus and to act as a synergist of the pectoralis major

to stabilize the shoulder joint and help prevent downward location of the humerus and to assist in abduction

The origins of the levator scapula are from the ___________ of four cervical vertebrae. fascia bodies transverse processes spinous processes

transverse processes

The main forearm extensor is the ________. triceps brachii biceps brachii supinator palmaris longus

triceps brachii

The temporalis muscle is innervated by the mandibular branch of the __________. abducens nerve optic nerve trigeminal nerve trochlear nerve

trigeminal nerve

Deep muscles of the thorax promote movements for breathing. True False

true

Electromyography is the recording and interpretation of graphic records of the electrical activity of contracting muscles. True False

true

In order to propel food down to the esophagus, the pharyngeal constrictor muscles are used. True False

true

Most superficial thorax muscles are extrinsic shoulder muscles. True False

true

Muscle power does not depend on the direction of the fascicles. True False

true

Muscle spasms of the back often are due to the erector spinae contraction. True False

true

Muscles are only able to pull, they never push. True False

true

Muscles connecting to the hyoid bone are important for swallowing and speech. True False

true

Muscles that help maintain upright posture are fixators. True False

true

Regardless of type, all levers follow the same basic principle: effort farther than load from fulcrum = mechanical advantage; effort nearer than load to fulcrum = mechanical disadvantage. True False

true

The anterior axial muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the pectoralis major muscle. True False

true

The arrangement of a muscle's fascicles determines its range of motion and power. True False

true

The broadest muscle of the back is the latissimus dorsi. True False

true

The calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon) is the largest, strongest tendon in the body. True False

true

The major head flexors are the sternocleidomastoid muscles, with the help of the muscles attached to the hyoid bone. True False

true

The muscle that prevents the biting of the cheek when chewing is the buccinator. True False

true

The muscles of facial expression insert into skin or other muscles, not bones. True False

true

The soleus is a synergist of the gastrocnemius during plantar flexion. True False

true

Which of the following muscles is not a member of the hamstrings group? biceps femoris semitendinosus semimembranosus vastus intermedius

vastus intermedius

Which of the following is NOT used as a criterion for naming muscles? whether the muscle is controlled by the involuntary or voluntary nervous system the location of the muscle the number of origins for the muscle the locations of the muscle attachments the shape of the muscle

whether the muscle is controlled by the involuntary or voluntary nervous system