Museum

As discussed in the reading and the lecture, select from the following list the important principles and ideas that Wilhelm von Bode implemented in the Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum [today Bode Museum] in Berlin and that made this museum one of the earliest examples of a modern, twentieth-century museum. (50%)

Art works should be exhibited in rooms which in their design, architecture, decoration, furnishings, materials, lighting, etc. should resemble as much as possible the spaces for which the artworks were originally intended. Von Bode carefully ensured that each gallery only exhibited one type of art so that different media were never mixed. To not distract from each other, artworks should be arranged in the greatest possible isolation from each other. The museum and its architectural spaces were arranged in a ways that allowed to present the history of art as a sequence of great, unfolding periods from antiquity to modern times.

In which ways did Goodwin and Stone's original building for MoMA, New York, meet important principles of the International Style as defined by Hitchcock and Johnson in their book on the modernist style? Match the principle with the appropriate design and architectural details.

Avoidance of applied ornament and decoration. -the facade of the buildings were unadorned Regularity rather than symmetry as a means of ordering design. -two types of fenestration... European modernist architecture was a commitment to social building tasks, most notably socialist working-class housing. -this principle was not met Architecture as volume rather than mass. -the street facade featured...

Identify the museum and the gallery (room) that is shown in the following image:

Donatello room Kaiser-Friedrich Museum (today Bode-Museum)

The following image does not show the floorplan of which museums?

Museum Fridericianum, Kassel, Germany, 1769-1779. Newby Hall, Yorkshire, England, UK, c. 1767-79. Villa Albani, Rome, Italy, 1746-1763.

For which museum design is the Italian architect Gae Aulenti known for

Musée d'Orsay, Paris, France, 1980-1986

Identify the architects, name of the museum, location, and dates of the building illustrated in the following image.

Natural history museum, Hudson &Munshell, LA, 1913

Contemporary and later critics of MoMA's modernist 1939 building tend to emphasize the open plan of the main galleries on the second and third floor which resulted "in open, flexible gallery spaces". What was the conceptual order in which the museum arranged its initial exhibitions on modernist art on the second floor when the Durell and Stone-designed building opened its doors to the public? Select from the following options.

The exhibition's conceptual order was based on a linear, one-directional path that presented the history of modern art as a progression from painting to photography to film.

What was a major reason for Frank Lloyd Wright to design the main gallery of the Guggenheim as a downward leading spiral

To create a new unity between beholder, painting and architecture

You are asked to design a gallery that receives natural light through clerestory windows and monitors. Where would you place these types of windows?

monitor-as a raised structure on top of the roof clerestory window- high in the plane of a wall

Which room in which museum is shown in the image?

museo Pio Clementino, c. 1773-1786, Vatican State. The Hall of the Muses or Sala delle Muse

What were some of the advantages of Durand's ideal museum as developed around the turn of the eighteenth to the nineteenth century? Select from the following list.

the design combined several purpose-built galleries into a purpose-built edifice. Courtyards guaranteed good availability of daylight. The design allowed for easy expansion, the only obstacle was availability of land.

As discussed in the reading, what were some of the reasons for Lina Bo Bardi to enclose the two suspended floors of the São Paulo Museum of Art with windows and glass? Select from the following list

-A technical compromise between architect and construction team resulted in using windows and glass The architect thought that transparent walls were a "compensation for the efforts of the common people. -+ one more

The architect Guy Lowell designed which museum building? Identify the museum, location, and dates.

-Boston, MA. -Second] Museum of Fine Arts -1907-1931

Identify the building or design shown in the image by selecting the architect, name of the design/building, location, and date from the list following below.

-Cedric Price (1934-2003) -Fun palace -No location given, as an unrealized project -1961

One of the weekly readings describes the creation of the Guggenheim Bilbao as a happy coincidence between the interests of the city of Bilbao, Spain, and the Solomon R Guggenheim Foundation, New York. Select from the following list the elements (or areas) in which the interests of the two entities converged.

-Cultural leadership. -Revitalization of the city -Economic revitalization -internationalization

Which of the museums cannot endlessly be expanded simply by continuing the original design

-Frank Lloyd Wright's building for the Guggenheim Museum -Le Corbusier's design for La cité mondiale (or Mundaneum

McClellan argues that from the later twentieth century onward museums became more and more commercialized. What are some of the initiatives he discusses with which museums aimed to generate more income? Select from the following list

-Increased attention to museum shops -Blockbuster exhibition -Corporate sponsorship (that may demand space for special events).

As discussed in the readings, what were some major influences on the architecture of the Centre George Pompidou, Paris, France, 1971-1977? Select from the following list.

-The English Archigram group. -Issues such a flow, movement, expendability and change

What aspects did the design for the Boston Museum of Fine Art, Fenway site, borrow from the Alte [Old] Pinakothek, Munich, Germany?

-The accommodation of publicly accessible galleries on the upper level. -That study rooms for specialists, storage and reserve spaces were located on the lower (ground) level.

What were the principles that determined the conceptual and architectural order of the (never built) History Palace that Geddes designed for the City of Dunfermline in Scotland in 1903? Select from the following options.

-The chronological order was combined with a vertical order that spatially expressed the inter-relatedness of local and universal history, with each of the three floors focusing on a different geographical area. -Horizontally, the museum was organized chronologically beginning with the Celtic origin of Scotland and ending with a view of the future from an Outlook Tower.

What is not shown in the following image?

-The interior of the Guggenheim Museum, New York -The Bramante staircase, Vatican State -the interior of Le Corbusier's La cité mondiale -The spiral staircase inside the Outlook Tower, Edinburgh

One of the weekly readings expresses a very critical position towards the Guggenheim Bilbao calling the creation of the building and institution an example of gentrification. Select from the following list the issues this charge is based on.

-The ruinous state of disused factory building, neighborhoods, etc. was a requisite of investment and renewal. -Bilbao offered a maximum gap between it post-industrial ruinous state and future glory

Which museum is shown in the following image? When did the museum open to the public?

-The world's first outdoor museum in Kristiania, Oslo, Norway. -1881

The term Antiquarium denotes which type of building as discussed in class?

A gallery-type of room for the Bavarian ruler Albrecht V's sculpture collection that was arranged above the horse stables in a new, purpose-designed building in Munich.

Identify the building illustrated in the image and identify which details of the interior space allow one to argue that it is a modernist interior?

-White stucco balustrades alternating with the black appearing bands of the deeply recessed galleries. -The balconies and their metal railings, evoking the balconies of the residential block of the Bauhaus school building in Dessau, Germany. -B W. Morris & Robert B. O'Connor with Arthur Everett Austin, Jr., Avery Memorial wing, Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, CT, opened 1934.

What were two of the most prominent challenges for architects when the so-called "museum embankment" was created in the city of Frankfurt-upon-Main, Germany?

-any new buildings for the various museums had to match in size and overall appearance the existing formerly private villas and houses -The various museums had to be fitted into formerly private houses and villas from the eighteenth and the nineteenth century

What are some of the consequences (positive and negative) that side light introduces into gallery spaces in a museum? Select from the following options.

-regularly spaced windows create rhythm of... -reflections or too bright light on walls opposite windows -unevenly lit floor areas -wall space located between window can be very dark

With which artistic means and interventions did Geddes intend to illustrate those periods of Edinburgh's history so far back in the city's past that no historical architecture had survived? Select from the following options.

-using actors to impersonate important citizens from the furthest past. -Wall paintings and murals in public buildings and public spaces. -Decorative ornaments evocative of events from the city's past. -Public monuments.

Identify all components that in addition to the art museum and art gallery make the São Paulo Museum of Art a civic center? Select from the following list.

-video and photography gallery -art gallery -outdoor viewing... -civic hall -theatre and performance space

dentify the sequence of stages in which the Peacock Room came to be in an art museum

1. Thomas designs room 2.James decorates 3. Freer purchases room for Detroit home 4. Freers death= Washington D.C.

Why would a curator think about the architectural order of the available museum spaces and the conceptual order (or systematic) of the exhibits that are shown within those spaces? Select the correct answer.

Because the two orders may require compromise between available spaces and the intended sequence of the exhibits on display.

What do the new buildings for the Barnes Foundation, Philadelphia, PA, 2009-12, and the Akron Art Museum, Akron, OH, 2001-06, share? Select from the following options.

Both buildings extended an adjacent older museum.

The following image does not show an interior of which museums?

CHECK ALL BOXES EXCEPT: Paul Philippe Cret (1876-1945), Barnes Foundation, Merion, PA, 1925

Which of the following statements apply to either the Copley Square or Fenway site of the Boston Museum of Fine Art?

COPLEY: taller buildings, outdated, museum tasked... FENWAY: the building allowed, surrounding parkland, museum considered...

Which major space does the underground extension (see image) of the Staedel Museum, Frankfurt-upon-Main, Germany, accommodate?

Galleries modern and contemporary art.

According to Huth, approximately when and in which countries did the gallery as a passageway most likely originate?

In Italy and france. In the early sixteenth century.

According to Huth, in the city of Rome during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, where were excavated antique Roman sculptures stored for reasons of preservation and also display?

In arcades. In niches around courtyards. In loggias.

According to Findlen, during the Renaissance in Europe, the transfor

It was transition from solitude to sound. It was a transition from a place of study to a space for display.

Match the examples of openings to let natural lights into a gallery with the principal types of lighting a gallery the examples represent. Select the types of lighting from the drop-down menu.

Lantern, skylight & monitor- top lighting clerestory window- lighting from high up (top lighting) vertical window- side lighting

Which one museum discussed in the lecture has been described by its architect with the following words? "The first problem is to establish the museum as a center for the enjoyment, not the internment of art."

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (1886-1969), Museum for a Small City, 1943, project

What were the main characteristics of the installation of artworks in the Galleria Colonna in Rome in the early decades of the nineteenth century? Select from the following options.

Symmetrical hanging often with larger pieces at the center. Groupings by size, format and subject. A ceiling fresco cycle complemented the installation. Works of a single genre were installed in smaller spaces like vestibules.

What did Patrick Geddes mean when he wrote in 1905 that cities should be "Open-Air Museums of the Centuries"? Select from the following options.

That each city should preserve a series of buildings characteristic of at least each great period of culture, each great phase of social and civic life, each type and stage of national culture.

The new, second building for the Boston Museum of Fine Arts indicated which one major shift in the contemporary thinking about the ideal for the modern museum? Select from the following options.

That the philosophy of London's South Kensington Museum (Victoria & Albert Museum), which sought to apply arts to manufacture, industry and architecture, was no longer considered the ideal for modern museums.

What is possibly the one most consequential difference between the organization of the floorplans of Glyptothek and (Alte [Old]) Pinakothek that became most influential on numerous museums built at a later time?

The floorplan of the upper level of the (Alte [Old]) Pinakothek with its multiple pathways through the galleries which, in turn, granted visitors the maximum liberty to create their own path across the exhibition.

Which architectural and conceptual ideas determined Leo von Klenze's design for the building and the galleries of the Glyptothek (1816-1830) in Munich, Germany. Select all that apply from the following options.

The floorplan offered a linear arrangement most suitable for a chronological display. The conceptual order (systematic) was a chronological trajectory illustrating the rise and flowering of classical aderts and their recent "rebirth" in von Klenze's time. The galleries were lit either by skylights or from the courtyard, solutions beneficial for viewing sculptures.

Considered as a room and built space, the gallery (galleria) derives according to Huth from which other, earlier room and space?

The loggia.

According to Peponis and Hedin and as discussed in the lecture, what distinguishes the layout and order of display of the original Birds Gallery (BG) in the Natural History Museum (1881), London, from the Human Biology Hall (HBH) that was installed approximately in the late 1970s/early 1980s.

The spatial arrangements of the display cases in the BG mirrored the table of classification of types of birds that assigned correct positions to each specimen. The knowledge about the evolution of birds as displayed in the BG made curators (experts) and visitors socially equal: both groups knew and saw exactly the same.

According to Gombrich when was the modern museum "born"? Select from the following options.

When in the seventeenth and eighteenth century displays were conceived that arranged amassed object in a didactic order

What type of room or space is shown in the image below? (wooden room with wall moldings a and pictures)

a Studio