music final exam

What was the song that won the first rap Grammy?

"Parents Just Don't Understand"

Notorious B.I.G., "Juicy"

-Christopher Wallace -raised by single mother who stressed education -rebelled by dropping out at 17 and started selling drugs -originally called himself Cwest -came to Sean Comb's attention (then with Uptown Records) -signed with Bad Boy Records -debut album = Ready to Die (loose narrative of life from birth to the release of the record) -the song was Wallace's solo debut and first single released from the album -samples from Mtume's "Juicy Fruit," -backing vocals -story of rise from poverty to rap success

Dr. Dre feat. Snoop Doggy Dogg, "Nuthin' But a 'G' Thang"

-Dre left NWA and started Death Row Records with D.O.C. (Tracy Lynn Curry), Marion "Suge" Knight, and Richard Gilbert Griffey -The Chronic was Dre's debut album released on Death Row -popularized g-funk sound -the vocal style is slow and drawn-out (sometimes slurred) -solo album but features collabs with Snoop Dogg

Bad Boy Records

-East Coast -founded by Diddy (started with and fired from Uptown Records) -had a meeting with Clyde Davis (Davis advanced him $1 mill and starts Bad Boy Records) -hard core rap with mass appeal

"I Need Love," LL Cool J

-James Todd Smith: LL Cool J (Ladies Love Cool James) -sent Rick Rubin homemade demo tape -first single with Def Jam: "I Need a Beat" -"I Need Love" different from hard-hitting rap style -Vocal delivery is soft over musical background of synthesizers

Public Enemy

-NY 1980s -revolutionary and political ideas -"black CNN" (Chuck D) -"Do the Right Thing" soundtrack

Public Enemy, "Fight the Power"

-known for politically charged lyrics -signed with Def Jam Records -Spike Lee asked Public Enemy to do the soundtrack for "Do the Right Thing" -"Fight the Power" was first released on the soundtrack and then on its third album "Fear of a Black Planet" -lyrics refer to civil rights -samples James Brown and Bob Marley -opens with a sample of speech by civil rights activist Thomas "TNT" Todd

Mixtape

A compilation of freestyles, remixes, instrumentals, or other type of original songs usually released on a CD or other digital format

what was Russell Simmons NOT engaged in the early 1980s?

Answer: performing as an MC Simmons wrote, managed, and produced music

Who called Public Enemy the "Black CNN"?

Chuck D

With what group did Tupac perform before becoming a solo act?

Digital Underground

Yo! MTV Raps first hosts

Doctor Dré Ed Lover Fab 5 Freddy

Who founded Ruthless Records

Eazy-E with Jerry Heller

True or False. De La Soul called themselves hippies.

False.

Ice Cube didn't write any of the material for N.W.A.

False. Ice Cube left N.W.A. because he wasn't getting credit for writing the material

True or false. The video for "Straight Outta Compton" was played on MTV immediately after its release

False. MTV refused to show the video

True or false. DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince were known for their hard-hitting, profanity-laced rhymes

False. They did clean raps

Run-D.M.C. was originally known as Purple Crush.

False. orange crush

True or false. 'Crunk' is a rap style associated with Los Angeles.

False. Memphis and Atlanta

True or false. The Beastie Boys won the first rap Grammy.

False. DJ Jazzy Jeff and The Fresh Prince

What was the name given to Dr. Dre's musical style on The Chronic?

G-Funk (gangsta-funk)

What was the first hip hop song to hit number one on the Billboard charts?

Ice Ice Baby

'Bounce music' is associated with which city?

New Orleans

Who (what) is Posdnous and Plug One?

Nicknames of De La Sol members

Iceberg Slim

Robert Beck -told stories of being a pimp -where ice t got his name autobiography: "The Story of My Life"

Cultural appropriation

Taking intellectual property, traditional knowledge, cultural expressions, or artifacts from someones culture without permission

hyper masculinity

The exaggeration of male stereotypical behavior such as an emphasis on physical strength, aggression, and sexuality

World Class Wreckin' Cru

The group Dr. Dre was in before N.W.A.

What do Marky Mark, the Young Black Teenagers, and House of Pain have in common?

They were all white

True or False. Before founding N.W.A. Eazy-E was a drug dealer.

True.

True or False. Sean Combs founded Bad Boy Records.

True.

True or false. Criminal minded was one of the first hip hop albums to feature visual images of firearms on the cover.

True.

True or false. Spike Lee approached Public Enemy to write a song for Do the Right Thing.

True.

True or false. Vanilla Ice's biography of a poor, rough childhood was fabricated to give him the appearance of "authenticity."

True.

True or false. The Native Tongues collective advocated positive, uplifting rap

True. -Pioneered by Afrika Bambaataa (Zulu Nation) -Queen Latifah, Jungle Brothers, De La Sol, A Tribe Called Quest -lyrics meant to be uplifting

True or False. In addition to singing, Lauryn Hill was also involved with acting at an early age.

True. -career started at an early age -performed at the Appalo Theater at 13 -Member of the group "The Fugees"

True or false. Salt-N-Pepa's entrance to the music business was an answer rap.

True. It was an answer rap to the song "Show Stopper"

True or False. "Thug life" is an acronym.

True. The Hate You Give Little Infants F***** Everyone

True or false. DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince was originally a trio

True. -third member was Clarence Holmes

What was the PMRC

a committee who wanted to put warning labels on music Parent's Music Resource Center

jazz-rap

a fusion of jazz and hip hop in which the musical material is drawn from cool jazz, soul-jazz, and be-bop with lyrics often based on political consciousness, Afrocentric themes, and general positivism

The "Baadman"

an "outlaw" figure in folk narrative

Afrocentric

emphasizing or promoting emphasis on African culture and the contributions of Africans to the development of Western civilization

"It's Yours" T LaRock and Jazzy Jay

first song on Def Jam

A category of artistic, musical, or literary composition characterized by a specific style, form, or content

genre

Fab 5 Freddy

graffiti artist and spokesperson for hip hop that was the host of "Yo! MTV raps."

crunk

southern style of rap characterized by repetitive, high-energy club music with gritty, hoarse chants (the name comes from combining 'crazy' or 'chronic' and 'drunk')

Chopped and screwed

southern style of rap named for DJ Screw characterized by the sleepy, slow tempo ('screwed') and the cuts, scratches, pauses and rewinds ('chopped') in the music -Houston

bounce music

southern style of rap that incorporates New Orleans parade strutting beats. The word 'bounce' often appears in the lyrics and describes the feel of the music

An interruption of a rhythmic pattern punctuated with rhythms and rests

stop time

Rick Rubin

the founder of Def Jam Records and partners with Russel Simmons

Eddie Martinez

the guitarist who played with Run-D.M.C.

The Beastie Boys' name is an acronym.

true

LilWayne,"Dr.Carter"

• Dwayne Michael Carter • from new Orleans • at the age of 9, signed with cash money records as half of the duo "The B.G.'z (youngest memer of the label) • 1996- joined the group "Hot Boys" • the group released two albums in 1996 and 1999 • Wayne released his solo debut album "The Block is Hot" in 1999 when he was 17 • "Dr. Carter =" is a song from the 2008 album "The Carter III" • samples David Axelrod's "Holy Thunder" • Wayne is depicted as a doctor trying to save various patients (patients represent hip hop and rap styles) • refers to other artists such as Kanye West, Andre 3000, and Swizz Beatz

Ice T "Rhyme Pays"

-Ice-t spent childhood in New Jersey -Mother died when he was seven and his father died when he was 12 -Began reading Iceberg Slim books -began career as DJ, but found more attention for his rapping -vocal style influenced by Schoolboy D "P.S.K. What does it mean" -signed with Sire Records -debut album: Ryme Pays -feature an ominous opening with Ice T introducing himself -Intro is played with Mike Oldfield's "Tubular Bells" (Exorcist) -features DJ Evil E's turntable techni1ue, drum machine patterns, and studio effects (echo and delay) -samples Black Sabbath's "War Pigs" -first hip hop album with Parental Advisory Warning label

"Criminal Minded," Boogie Down Productions

-Lawrence Parker KRS-ONE (Knowledge Reigns Supreme Over Nearly Everyone) -grew up in NY and left home at 13 -met youth counselor Scott Strerling (DJ Scott La Rock) -Called themselves Boogie Down Productions -released on their debut album -hardcore lyrics and first album with guns and ammunition on the cover -purpose of the album was to attract thug audience and teach them later on -lyrics that describe an MC battle with gang language and imagery -KRS-ONE brags about his verbal skill and toughness -Musical backing includes "Different Stroke" by Syl Johnson, "Let's Get Small" by Trouble Funk, and intro sung to "Hey Jude"

Eminem, "'Till I Collapse"

-Marshall Mathers -interested in rap at an early age (14 stated rapping) -debut album: Infinite came to Dr. Dre's attention at 1997 Rap Olympics in LA -song appears on the 2002 album "The Eminem Show" -Features Nate Dogg, samples Queen "We Will Rock You" -refers to some the artists who Eminem view as influences and giants of the art form

Beastie Boys, "Paul Revere"

-Mike D, MCA, Ad-Rock -started career as hardcore punk band -Met with Rick Rubin and moved toward rap and hip hop -Licensed to Ill- debut album -"Paul Revere" was a single from the album -Vocal style similar to Run D.M.C. (hard, spitting delivery) -the song tells a story of how the Beastie Boys met -includes drum machine played backwards

N.W.A. "Straight Outta Compton"

-N.W.A.: Ice Cube, Dre, Eazy E, DJ Yella, MC Ren -put together by Eazy E -originally dre, eazy e, and dj yells -ice cube joined after writing "boyz n the hood" for another group who didn't record it -Straight Outta Compton was NWA's debut album -prfanity, violent imagery, and hardcore intensity -albu became the blueprint for gangsta rap style in the 1990's

Death Row Records

-Suge Knight and Dre -West Coast -signed Tupac on a 3 album deal after prison ($1.4 million bail)

Lauryn Hill, "Doo Wop (That Thing)"

-began career at an early age (Smokey Robinson's "Who's Lovin' You" at the Apollo Theatre's Amateur Night at 13) -also pursued acting (As the World Turns, Sister Act 2) -rap group "Fugees" short for refugees -group's first album = Blunted on Reality -the song is a single from Hill's solo album "The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill" (one of the most critically acclaimed and highest grossing albums of the 1990s) -song reflects Hill's musical roots -- Soul and Motown --and personal love and take on life song contains biblical imagery and references women's empowerment uses material from two earlier soul songs: "Let's Find Love" by the 5th Dimension and "I'm a Loser," by Brighter Side of Darkness -Multilayered vocal chords

Black Arts Movement

-black power -movement in African-American literature -Imiri Baraka -Nikki Giovanni -Larry Neal -Gwendolyn Brooks

2Pac, "Dear Mama"

-born in NY and named after South American Revolutionary -parents were a part of the Black Panther party -involved in acting at an early age -attended a perfomring arts school and studied acting, dance, jazz, and poetry began career as a roadie, dancer, and MC with Digital Underground -firts solo album was 2pacalypse Now (Interscope Records) -song is a musical tribute to his mother Afeni Shakur -released as a single from third album (Me Against the World) -reveals his strong emotions for his mom and recognition of the hardships, including drug addiction, that she faced -samples and interpolations: The Spinners "Sadie," and "In All My Wildest Dreams," by Joe Sample

Salt-N-Pepa, "Let's Talk About Sex"

-entrance to music business was answer rap to the song "The show" ("The Show Stopper") -"The Show Stopper" reached 46 on Billboard Chart and earned a contract with Next Plateau Records enjoyed crossover mainstream appeal with music that was danceable -lyrical themes to women issues -song was a single from third studio album (Black's Magic) -discusses safe sex -released when HIV and AIDS were prominent in the media -educated people about the dangers of unprotected sex -led to a rewrite "Let's Talk About AIDS" -comments on the censorship of sexual topics in media at the time of song release -samples the Staples Singers "I'll Take You There" -crossover hip hop

Kanye West, "Power"

-father was a former Black Panther and mother was a college professor -began rapping in third grade -came in contact with DJ No I.D. (Earnest Dion Wilson) aka "The Godfather of Chicago Hip Hop" -Producer at first -break came after producing artists on Rock-A-Fella Records -signed with Rock-A-Fella Records -Power was the first single from West's fifth album (My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy) -the song uses material from King Crimson's "21st Century Schizoid Man," "Afroamerica" by Continent Number 6, and "It's Your Thing" by Cold Grits

Jungle Brothers

-focus on melody -unity for black community

Ruthless Records

-founded by Eazy-E with the help of Jerry Heller -N.W.A. -Dre leaves and makes Death Row Records (partners with Suge Knight)

Def Jam Records

-founded by Rick Rubin and Russel Simmons -rebellious to music styles -"It's Yours" first song on record label

Vanilla Ice, "Ice Ice Baby"

-grew up in Florida and Texas -Teenager: breaker nicknamed "Vanilla" -when he started as an MC he became known as MC Vanilla -signed with SBK records -the company promoted his career with fictional biography of Vanilla's childhood years -claims he wrote it when he was 16 -lyrics describe a drug run that ends in a drive-by shooting -samples: Queen/David Bowie song "Under Pressure" -first hip hop song to hit the top of the Billboard Charts

Nas, "N.Y. State of Mind"

-grew up in ny city -interested in music from a young age (Dad was a professional musician) -wrote short stories and wrote his own common books -was part of a breaking crew as a teenager and rapped with the crew called Davastatin' Seven -recording contract through 3rd Base -made his solo debut under the name Nasty Nas -Illmatic was album debut -the song was the first full length track on album -samples from Joe Chamber s "Mind Rain" and "Flight Time" by Donald Byrd -depicts NY, his own rapping ability, and place in the rap landscape -known for complexity of lyrics, and vivid imagery

DJ Jazzy Jeff & Fresh Prince, "Summertime"

-group met in Philadelphia in 1985 -originally a trio -first single released on Word Up Records -"Summertime" release on fourth album (Homebase) in 1991 -light hearted stories and profanity free raps - follows a verse-chorus form and samples from "Summer Madness" by Kool and the Gang

g-funk

-incorporates funk, synthesizers, female backing vocals, and extended break -could include 'gangsta' topics such as sex, drugs, violence, but also songs about hanging aroundwith friends and love of one's city

De La Soul, "Eye Know (The Know It All Mix)"

-many nicknames -signed with Tommy Boy Records -debut album = 3 Feet High and Rising -themes of unity, peace, and love -labeled as hippe band -DIASY = Da Inner Sound Y'all -the song was a sing le from 3 Feet High and Rising -samples: Steely Dan, Otis Redding , and Sly and the Family Stone

"Rock Box" Run D.M.C.

-originally Orange Crush -founded by Joseph "Run" Simmons, Darryl "D.M.C."McDaniels and Jason "JamMaster Jay" Mizell in 1981. -"It's Like That" first hit -"Sucka MCs" -"Rock Box" is a single from the album Run-D.M.C.(the first album in the genre to go gold) -Guitar riff = Eddie Martinez -first rap video on MTV -the recurring guitar pattern, either as a solo or in the background;the drum machine backing; stop time pattern

A Tribe Called Quest, "Excursions"

-originally called "Quest" -high school buddies with "The Jungle Brothers" -signed with Jive Records -referred to as alternative rap b/c of the subject matter of their lyrics and musical references, including cool jazz -the song came from the group's second album (The Low End Theory) -socially conscious lyrics -samples: Art Barkley "A Chant for Bu," Shades of Brown "The Soil I Tilled for You," and the Spoken Word Last Poets "Time"

2Pac, "California Love"

-single from fifth studio album (All Eyez on Me) -signed with Death Row Records -after serving time for sexual assault, he recorded "All Eyz on Me" (A double album) -part of the 3 album deal with Death Row -song is celebration of California (name checks various cities and hip hop figures) -samples from Joe Cocker's "Woman to Woman," Ronnie Hudson and the Street People's "West Cast Poplock," and Zapp's "Dance Floor" -produced by Dr. Dre and features Roger Troutman and Dre -Tupac's most successful single reaching number one on Billboard Chart for 2 weeks

N.W.A. "F**** tha Police"

-song open with a trial where judge (dre) calls on each MC to tesify -harsh criticism of the police dept. -controversial and seen as inciting violence against the police -NWA said they were telling the truth about the experiences in LA -FBI sent a letter in response -Album (straight Outta Compton) went platinum

Salt-N-Pepa

-successful all women group -women sexuality -formed in 1985

"Blaxploitation"

1970s film genre; black-cast or black-themed films, created, developed, and heavily promoted to young, inner-city, black audiences.

rap-rock fusion

style based on DJ elements, minimalistic drum machine beats, hard-hitting guitar solos, and aggressive, staccato rapping style

In response to their song "F*** Tha Police" N.W.A. received a letter from who?

the F.B.I.