mylab 25.2 autism

The parents of a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tell the nurse that they have decided to try nutrition therapy. Which diet should the nurse expect will be suggested for the child? ANSWER A low-fat, low-sodium diet A gluten-free, casein-free diet The Atkins diet The Paleo diet

A gluten-free, casein-free diet

The parents of a child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are trying to determine why their child has the disorder. In response, the nurse should include which etiology? ANSWER Toxins Chemical factors Genetic factors Psychological factors

Genetic factors

The nurse is caring for a patient who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for the nurse to use? ANSWER Using one method of communication with the patient Completing activities of daily living for the patient Incorporating the patient's rituals into daily care Supervising the patient closely to prevent infection

Incorporating the patient's rituals into daily care

The nurse is caring for a child who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The child's parents ask the nurse, "What is the cause of ASD in our child?" Which response by the nurse is accurate? ANSWER "ASD is caused by arrested development of the brain in the uterus." "ASD is caused by trauma that happened at birth." "ASD is caused by problems in the parietal and frontal lobes of your child's brain." "ASD is most likely caused due a problem with the neurons in the frontal and temporal lobes of your child's brain."

"ASD is most likely caused due a problem with the neurons in the frontal and temporal lobes of your child's brain."

The nurse is discussing the need for early diagnosis and treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with parents of children suspected of having the condition. Which statement should the nurse include? ANSWER "Early diagnosis and treatment provides the only means for a cure of ASD." "Early diagnosis and treatment provides the best way to ensure that your child can be admitted to an assisted living facility as an adult." "Early diagnosis and treatment gives your child the best chance of becoming a fully functioning adult." "Early diagnosis and treatment prevents your child from developing any other mental condition."

"Early diagnosis and treatment gives your child the best chance of becoming a fully functioning adult."

The nurse is discussing medications that are used in treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with a parent of a child who was recently diagnosed with the condition. Which statement by the parent indicates the need for further teaching? ANSWER "I will monitor my child closely with any new medications." "I will note if my child has any increase in negative behaviors from medication." "I will give my child aspirin to help with the symptoms of ASD." "I will watch to see if my child has any suicidal thoughts."

"I will give my child aspirin to help with the symptoms of ASD."

The nurse assessing a 25-month-old toddler who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder notices that the toddler is not communicating with words. Which comment by the mother indicates to the nurse support of the diagnosis? ANSWER "My child responds to conversations in the room." "My child likes to play with siblings." "My child enjoys cuddling." "My child engages in mostly solitary activity."

"My child engages in mostly solitary activity."

The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old toddler who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Which comment by the mother should lead the nurse to question the diagnosis? ANSWER "My child does not respond to conversations in the room." "My child does not enjoy cuddling." "My child loves to play with others." "My child engages in mostly solitary activity."

"My child loves to play with others."

The nurse is discussing clinical manifestations with a group of parents of children who have been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which statement by a parent should lead the nurse to question the diagnosis of their child? ANSWER "My child understands the language of older children." "My child engages in repetitive behaviors." "My child displays self-destructive behavior." "My child is not able to react to social cues."

"My child understands the language of older children."

The nurse is presenting to a group of parents whose children are suspected of having autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which statement by the nurse should be included? ANSWER INCORRECT THE CORRECT ANSWER "The features of autism are typically apparent by the time a child is 3 years of age." YOU WERE SURE AND INCORRECT "You should notice deficits in your child by the age of 5." "A feature of ASD is the ability to understand nonverbal behavior." "A child with ASD should be able to successfully engage in imaginative play."

"The features of autism are typically apparent by the time a child is 3 years of age."

The nurse is caring for a child who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The child's parents tell the nurse, "All tests were negative, so how did they diagnose our child with ASD?" Which response by the nurse is correct? ANSWER "Your child's ASD was diagnosed by a special test that you were not aware of." "Your child has a positive electroencephalogram, which points to the presence of ASD." "The presence of certain criteria outlined in the DSM-5 is the basis for your child's diagnosis." "Since all the tests are negative, ASD is the only answer left."

"The presence of certain criteria outlined in the DSM-5 is the basis for your child's diagnosis."

The nurse is discussing nonpharmacologic interventions with the parents of a young child who was recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which statement by the parents indicates that teaching was successful? ANSWER "I'm contacting my doctor to request starting chelation therapy." "I'm going to begin to give my child mineral solutions." "We are going to investigate applied behavior analysis as treatment." "We will start encouraging echolalia in our child's speech."

"We are going to investigate applied behavior analysis as treatment."

The nurse is addressing a group of parents whose children are suspected of having autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which statement by the parents indicates that additional teaching is necessary? ANSWER "A feature of ASD is the inability to understand nonverbal behavior." "A child with ASD should will not engage in imaginative play." "We should notice deficits in our children by the age of 5." "The essential features of autism are typically noticed by 3 years of age."

"We should notice deficits in our children by the age of 5."

The nurse is performing discharge teaching for a child who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with the child's parents. Which statement by the parents indicates that the teaching was successful? ANSWER "We will feed our child a diet that is rich in gluten." "We will avoid all childhood vaccinations until our child reaches adulthood." "We will repeat treatments performed at the clinic and hospital at home." "We will remind our child that he will never be normal."

"We will repeat treatments performed at the clinic and hospital at home."

The nurse is teaching parents how to communicate with their child who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which statement by the parents indicates that further teaching is necessary? ANSWER "We will take our child to speech and language therapy." "We will try using sign language with our child." "We will use pictures in talking with our child." "We will use more complete sentences in talking with our child."

"We will use more complete sentences in talking with our child."

The nurse is planning care for a young, nonverbal patient with autism spectrum disorder. In order to plan the best care for the child, which question is most important for the nurse to ask the child's parents? ANSWER "How do you complete the activities for daily living for your child?" "How do you supervise your child to prevent infection?" "What are some of your child's rituals that we can incorporate into daily care?" "Which one method of communication is best to use with your child?"

"What are some of your child's rituals that we can incorporate into daily care?"

The nurse is conducting a teaching session for parents of children who have been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A parent asks, "My child is high functioning. What should I expect of him as an adult?" Which response by the nurse is best? ANSWER "Your child will most likely function independently." "Your child will function normally with social interaction." "Your child will comprehend nonverbal cues." "Your child will most likely continue to struggle with communication skills."

"Your child will most likely continue to struggle with communication skills."

While assessing a 5-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the nurse notices that the boy is standing near his mother playing with a teddy bear and does not respond to the nurse's greeting. Which approach is most appropriate for the nurse to use? ANSWER Engaging as little as possible with the patient, so as not to upset him more, and keeping to the task at hand Allowing the patient to stay next to his mother with the teddy bear and speaking to him calmly and concisely Explaining that this is not at all unusual and that there is not much that can be done, because this is the normal progression of the disorder Telling the mother that her son is too old to play with teddy bears

Allowing the patient to stay next to his mother with the teddy bear and speaking to him calmly and concisely

The nurse is teaching a new colleague about medications that are used to treat autism spectrum disorder (ASD). When the nurse asks the colleague to list the medications that may be used, which response indicates a need for further teaching? ANSWER Mood stabilizers Antipyretic agents Stimulant agents Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Antipyretic agents

The nurse is teaching the parents of a young child who was recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which nonpharmacologic intervention should the nurse include? ANSWER Mineral solutions Echolalia Applied behavior analysis Chelation therapy

Applied behavior analysis

The graduate nurse is caring for a family with a child who was recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and is discussing treatment options for the child. Which goal of collaborative therapy would require correction from the preceptor? ANSWER Implementing treatments that decrease maladaptive behaviors such as rigidity and stereotypy Use of focusing techniques and behavior management Advocating for parent support and coping groups Behavior modification through electroconvulsive therapy

Behavior modification through electroconvulsive therapy

The parents of a child who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tell the nurse that they wish to put their child on a gluten-free, casein-free diet. Which foods should the nurse instruct the parents to avoid feeding their child? ANSWER Bread and milk Fish and fruit Red meat and green, leafy vegetables Rice and eggs

Bread and milk

The nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child for symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which assessment finding should lead the nurse to question the diagnosis? ANSWER Engages in repetitive behaviors Inability to react accordingly to social clues Comprehends language well beyond the complexity of age Displays self-destructive behavior

Comprehends language well beyond the complexity of age

The nurse is caring for an elderly patient with a history of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). For which condition should the nurse screen the patient? ANSWER Depression Diabetes mellitus Gout Schizophrenia

Depression

The nurse is preparing discharge teaching for the parents of a child who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which instruction should the nurse include? ANSWER Avoiding childhood vaccinations until adulthood Teaching the patient to consume foods that are rich in gluten Encouraging repetition of treatments at home Emphasizing that the patient will never be normal

Encouraging repetition of treatments at home

The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a 6-year-old patient who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which item in the health history should the nurse consider may have been a factor in the patient's development of ASD? ANSWER Appropriate adaptation to new environments Cystic fibrosis Fetal alcohol syndrome Childhood vaccinations

Fetal alcohol syndrome

The nurse admits a child suspected of having autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which test to aid in the diagnosis should the nurse question? ANSWER Lead screening Head x-ray Electrocardiogram (EEG) Computerized tomography (CT) scan

Head x-ray

The nurse takes a team approach to help a middle-age patient who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) achieve their full potential. The nurse uses a community center to help find a job for the patient. Which strategy should the nurse engage to allow this patient to have the best opportunity for success? ANSWER Helping the patient find a position that will allow them to use their strongest talents Making sure the job is an easy one Partnering the patient with someone else at work so that they can keep an eye on them at all times None, as those with ASD generally cannot work because the disorder is too debilitating to allow them to be productive community members

Helping the patient find a position that will allow them to use their strongest talents

The nurse is assessing a high-functioning adult patient who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The nurse will most likely observe which characteristic in this patient? ANSWER Language skills and sentence formation Comprehending nonverbal clues Flexibility of thought Social interaction

Language skills and sentence formation

The nurse is teaching about autism spectrum disorder to a group of community members. Which risk factor should the nurse include? ANSWER Parents who are close in age Maternal age over 40 Paternal age less than 20 Female gender

Maternal age over 40

A preschool-age patient was recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The nurse should consider which observation of the patient to be supportive of the diagnosis? ANSWER Sitting quietly during the assessment Rocking on the exam table Wanting to be held by the parent during the assessment Actively participating with the nurse during the assessment

Rocking on the exam table

The nurse is planning the care for a patient who is admitted to the hospital for a tonsillectomy. The patient is also diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which goal is appropriate for the nurse to include in the plan of care for the patient? ANSWER The patient will not socialize with other children in the same age group. The patient will try new foods during hospitalization. The patient will allow the nurse to perform all activities of daily living. The patient will demonstrate behavior that is not self-destructive.

The patient will demonstrate behavior that is not self-destructive.