Mythology Exam 2 Chapter 11: Apollo

Caduceus

2 snakes owned by Hermes around a rod that is a symbol in medicine.

Asclepius Cult Sites:

Epidaurus, Athens, and Kos. People would offer diseased body parts at his temples.

Pythian

Epithet referring to Delphi and the Snake

Delian

Epithet refers to Delos

Delphinius

Epithet refers to Dolphins

Phoebus

Epithet refers to bright or shining since he is Sun God.

Death of Hyacinthus

Etiological myth for the Hyacints flower. Apollo was out playing a game and he throws a very powerful disk of bronze which hit Hyacinthus in the head and killed him. He then turned into a flower. Greeks associated a sound of mourning for him.

Hippocrates

Greek physician, doctors have to take his oath.

Midas's Punishment

He goes his whole life with ears hidden under a turban, only his barber knows about them. Barber had to dig a hole in the ground and tells the hole the story instead of telling others. Everytime the wind blew the reeds would say "Midas has an asses ears".

Pythia

Psychic Priestess of delphi who would breathe in vapors out of a crack in the earth. This was probably methane gas which made her very stoned. She rattled off words and priest would interpret what she say as prophecy.

Marysas

Satry; Finds Athena's flute and won't give it back but challenges Apollo to a challenge of playing it. The winner will get to do whatever he wants to the loser and satyrs are sexual creatures.

Cassandra's Punishment

apollo curses her by spitting in her mouth and having none believe anything she says. She was warning people about the Trojan War and telling truth but no one believed her prophecy.

Hera vs Leto: Apollos Birth

banishes Leto so she wanders to the island of Delos on the condition that she builds a great cult site for her son. Hera forces her through labor for 10 days until Elitheyia is bribed with a 13 foot necklace to help with birth. Hera also tried to bribe someone into raping Leto

Symbols:

bow, laurel, lyre, dolphin, raven,and sun

The Death of Cyparissus

etiological myth for the Cyprus Tree. He has a pet deer than loves dearly even more than Apollo. He accidentally kills it and because of sadness he dies as well. His body is transformed into a Cyprus tree.

Hyacinthus Festival

every year in Sparta there is a festival in honor of the flower sprouting.

Socrates

guardian of snakes

Pan

half goat son of Hermes.

Death of Asclepius

he became so powerful that he could bring people back from the dead. Artemis begs him to raise Hippolytus. Zeus didn't want this so he killed Asclepius with his thunderbolt.

Apollo and Ge's Snake

he slays Python who is Ge's Guardian at Delphi. Turn's Delphi into his own sanctuary.

Kos

health centers where people were cured, also sometimes had to sleep in incubation chambers where snakes slept, greeks thought snakes helped your health and could absorb fevers.

Hippocratic bench

keep's limbs in traction

Cassandra and Apollo

makes a deal with Apollo that she will be his lover if he gives her the gift of prophecy. She gets the gift and refuse to be his lover.

God of:

music, creativity, prophecy, sun and enlightenment. Patron of the Muses who gave inspiration to poets and artists.

Daphne

nymph, virgin follower of Athena. Father is the river god.

Apollo vs Pan

pan challenges the god to a contest and asks Midas to be the judge. Midas decides in favor of Pan so Apollo gives him donkey ears for his judgement.

Cyprus Tree

planted in cemeteries for mourning and death

Cassandra

priestess of Troy who is wanted by Apollo.

Cassandra and Ajax

she took refuge in Temple of Athena after war and is dragged from the alter by Ajax where she is taken back to Greece and killed

Asclepius symbols:

snakes, snake intertwined rod.

Family:

unmarried, twin brother of Artemis, son of Zeus and Leto

Apollo and Coronis

Apollo catches Coronis being unfaithful. He loves her but is mad and kills her with an arrow. Wishes he could bring her back but she is dead. He take site baby from Coronis womb: Asclepius

Apollo and Daphne

Apollo mocks cupid so cupid makes Daphne reject Apollo after he falls in love with her. He chases her through the woods. She gets tired of running so her father, the river god, turns her into a laurel tree, which becomes sacred.

Marysas's Punishment

Apollo skins him alive, it is a story of hubris

Cult Sites:

Delphi and Deios which is his birth place

Asclepius

Son of Apollo and Coronis. God of health and healing.

Delphi

takes its name for the word dolphin. Greeks thought it was the center of the earth called the navel of the earth. Zeus sent two eagles in opposite directions and they met up at delphi