National Gov chapter 2

How did the delegates to the Constitutional Convention resolve their disagreement regarding slavery?

It was agreed that 60 percent of a state's slave population would be counted for purposes of both representation and taxation.

British colonists in North America in the late seventeenth century were greatly influenced by the political thought of , who argued in favor of popular sovereignty and the right to revolution.

John Locke

British colonists in North America in the late seventeenth century were greatly influenced by the political thought of _________, who argued in favor of popular sovereignty and the right to revolution.

John Locke

Another weakness or critique of the Articles of Confederations was:

Congress did not have the power to regulate internation and interstate trade

This was the first for the new constitution proposed by the delegates, and it would base representation of the states proportionally based upon population.

Connecticut plan

One of the defects of the Articles of Confederation was that larger states did not have any additional influence to match their larger population, because:

Each state had only one vote.

What important power did the national government lack under the Articles of Confederation?

It could not impose taxes.

What is the significance of Shay's Rebellion?

It highlighted the weakness of the U.S. government under the Articles of Confederation because it had no military forces to put-down the rebellion.

The main power of the Supreme court is the power to declare laws or actions of the executive branch unconstitutional. The Supreme court case of ______

Marbury vs. Madison

According to the Great Compromise, how would representation in Congress be apportioned?

Representation in the House of Representatives would be based on each state's population and every state would have two senators.

What state refused to attend the 1787 Constitutional Convention?

Rhode island

The U.S. Constitution's Bill of Rights was largely, though not fully, based upon:

The English Bill of Rights

What important power did the national governments lack under the Articles of Confederation?

the power to tax

What argument did Alexander Hamilton use to convince people that it was not dangerous to place power in the hands of one man?

b. One man could respond to crises more quickly than a group of men like Congress. c. It was easier to control the actions of one man than the actions of a group.

The three branches of government have overlapping powers such as the President's veto power over the legislative branch. This system is known as:

checks and balances

Under the new U.S. constitution, the three branches have overlapping powers called_______ that mean that they can stop one branch from becoming too powerful. At least one political scientist has noted these tend to make the three branches cooperate in the governance of the country.

checks and balances

The powers listed in the Constition and assigned to Congress are known as the:

enumerated powers

What is the Bill of Rights?

first ten amendments to the Constitution that protect individual freedoms

Following the Seven Years War ​[or French and Indian War], the Proclamation of 1763:

forbade English colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains

A constitutional clause that allows for a board interpretation of implied powers is known as the ____clause.

necessary and proper

Why did the authors of the Constitution decide to bypass the state legislatures to win approval of the Constitution and call for special state ratification conventions?

The correctly realized that the state legisltures woul probably not vote to reduce their own power and authority

According to the New Jersey Plan, how was representation to be structured in Congress?

There would be one house, and all states would have equal representation in it

Powers granted to the state governments in the constitution are:

reserved powers

A republic is a government

resting on the consent of the governed through their representatives

One of the most controversies of the Constitutional Convention was over slavery, because many Americans thought:

slavery went against the ideals of the declaration of independence and of the revolutionary war

The newly proposed Constitution set up a federal system where the states retained some independent soverignty, but the Constitution specifies in the ___ that the national Constitution and national laws are superior to state constititions and state laws.

supremacy clause

What is the significance of the 14th Amendement?

This Amendment was supposed to make sure that the former slave were made ​[and treated as] full United States citizens.

A confederation can best be described as

a loose association of independent states

The "Constitutional Convention" of 1787 was supposed to write amendments to the Articles of Confederation to make the national government a bit stronger, but instead

the delegates to the convention rewrote a completely new constitution that created a far more robust national government

The main feature of the New Jersey Plan was:

to introduce representation based upon population

Including the Bill of Rights, __________ amendments have been added to the Constitution.

twenty-seven

A bicameral legislature like the U.S. congress is one with:

two houses

The agreement that citizens will consent to be governed so long as government protects their natural rights is called_________.

the social contract

The first new British Empire tax law the American colonists hated so very strongly was:

the stamp act

How many states must ratify an amendment before it becomes law?

three-fourths

The protections for religion, speech, the press, and assembly that are granted by the __ did not exist under English law.

1st Amendment

One of the defects of the Articles of Confederation was that it proved impossible to amend.

Becasue this required a unanimous vote of all the states.

One of the defects of the Articles of confederation was that it proved impossible to amend.

Because this required a unanimous vote of all states

Another weakness or critique of the Articles of Confederation was:

Congress' power to regulate International trade was too powerful

Which was the first state to ratify the Constitution?

Delaware

supports the constitution named themselves

Federalist

What is the founding ​[1215] English document where the English monarchy agreed that people had rights?

The Magna Carta

In the "Great Compromise" representation in the House of Representatives more closely matched the representation scheme of:

The New Jersey Plan

Why were the Federalist Papers written?

To encourage New York to ratify the Constitution.

Congress' Enumerated Powers refers to:

powers implied by the "necessary and proper" or "elastic" clause