ND500 Missed Quiz Questions

Q. Excessive intake of phytates and oxalates can interfere with the absorption of cholesterol. minerals. vitamins. fiber.

minerals Mineral bioavailability can be greatly affected by nonmineral substances in the diet. Components of fiber, especially phytate in grain fiber, can limit absorption of some minerals by binding them. Oxalates (oxalic acid) can depress the absorption of certain minerals present in food. Whitney EN, Rolfes S. Understanding Nutrition. 13th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage; 2012.

A dietitian implementing a home-delivered meals program for the elderly chooses a nonselective menu primarily to: control food volume encourage client participation minimize food drop off time minimize labor costs.

minimize labor costs

A study reported a 10% morbidity rate in infants in the country and a 12% morbidity rate for infants in the city. This means that: 10% of infants died in the country more infants died in the city than in the country more disease in infants in the city than in the country more disease in infants in the country than in the city

more disease in infants in the city than in the country

1. A food cost percentage of 35% means that 35% of the: food costs was used on employee meals. revenue was spent on food. total costs was for food. money spent on food was wasted.

revenue was spent on food

The vitamin essential for conversion of tryptophan to niacin is: B6 vitamin A vitamin D vitamin K riboflavin

riboflavin

Megaloblastic/macrocytic anemia may be the result of which of the following: 1. B12 deficiency 2. folate deficiency 3. lack of the intrinsic factor 4. iron deficiency 1 & 2 2,3, and 4 1 & 3 1,2, and 3

1, 2, and 3

The essential metabolic roles of vitamin D require which functionally active form of the 7-dehydrocholesterol 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 ergosterol

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3

Which food would have the greatest amount of protein: 1. 1 cup milk 2. 1 ounce meat 3. ½ cup vegetables 4. 1 slice bread

1. 1 cup milk

Q. The US Department of Agriculture School Meals Initiative for Healthy Children requires that the schools participating in the National School Breakfast Program provide _____ RDA for age/grade group for breakfast. 1/2 1/3 1/4 1/5

1/4 Schools participating in the USDA School Lunch Program must provide 1/3 of the RDA for certain nutrients for each age/grade group for lunch meals, whereas the USDA School Breakfast Program requires 1/4 of the RDA for certain nutrients for each age/grade group for breakfast meals.

How many actual relief employees are needed to cover 20 full-time employees? 12 15 11 8

11

A #12 scoop, was used to serve 600 servings of mashed potatoes instead of a #16 scoop. How many servings were they short? 90 25 210 156

156

Q. When reheating previously cooked foods, what temperature should they reach within 2 hours? 135°F for 15 seconds 145°F for 15 seconds 155°F for 15 seconds 165°F for 15 seconds

165°F for 15 seconds Based on the Food Code, reheated must reach the highest temperature listed: 165°F.

The estimated sodium content of a diet is 4000 mg of sodium. This is equivalent of mEq of sodium: 174 mEq 103 mEq 156 mEq 97 mEq

174 mEq

The estimated potassium content of the diet is 77 mEq. This is equivalent to mg of potassium: 2 1771 3.35 3003

3003

What temperature rangeis recommended for a dairy refrigerator? 28-32 o F 36-40 o F 45-50 o F 55-60 o F

36-40 o F

What is an example of a breakfast that would be served at a school breakfast program? 4 oz. milk, banana, 1 slice toast 8 oz milk, 1 egg, 1 slice toast 4 oz. orange juice, 2 slices toast 8 oz. milk, 4 oz. orange juice, 2 slices toast 4 oz. milk, 4 oz. orange juice, 1 egg

8 oz. milk, 4 oz. orange juice, 2 slices toast

Q. What characteristic is KEY to an efficient and effective system? Continuous response and adaptation to the system Flow of resources Interdependency of parts Achievement of subunit objectives

Interdependency of parts Interdependency of units allows for interaction among units and continual relationship with others. An effective system requires integration of units and interdependency.

A dietitian observes that a patient has pale, brittle, spoon-shaped fingernails.This is most likely a sign of Iron deficiency Potassium depletion Folic acid depletion Vitamin E deficiency

Iron deficiency

Goals of the National School Lunch Program include all of the following except: improving the nutrition of children implenting the Dietary Guidelines Providing 1/3 of the recommended intake for calories, protein, vitamins A and C, iron and calcium Providing healthy snacks to children after school

Providing healthy snacks to children after school

You are developing a summer foodservice program for underprivileged children. You have identified that this is a need that has not been filled and have determined where your service will be offered. You are now assessing the market segmentation. You determine the social class of your target population. What category of market segmentation does one's social class fall under? Demographic variable Geographic variable Psychographic variable Behavioristic variable Market niche variable

Psychographic variable

Q. When added to gelatin, fruit containing which of the following substances will prevent gel formation? Sucralose Papain Pectin Sorbitol

Papain Papain is a proteolytic enzyme found in papaya. These enzymes will split the long gelatin molecules into shorter molecules, halting the gelatin's ability to form a gel. McWilliams M. Foods: Experimental Perspectives. 8th ed. New York City, NY: Pearson; 2016.

MacGregor's Theory X states that ......, while Theory Y states that ...... Work is as natural as play, people inherently dislike work and will avoid if possible People inherently dislike work and will avoid if possible, work is as natural as play Maintenance factors satisfy workers, motivators satisfy workers Motivators satisfy workers , maintenance factors satisfy workers If people are involved in the process they are more productive, rewards serve as motivators only under certain circumstances

People inherently dislike work and will avoid if possible, work is as natural as play

Which of the following criteria indicate that no further nutritional assessment is necessary: Pt on IV/NPO more than 3 days without supplementation Weight is greater than 20% ideal body weight Pt has difficulty with swallowing Pt has serum albumin of 4 g/dl

Pt has serum albumin of 4 g/dl

Q. Which of the following is the recommended maximum amount of caffeine for healthy children aged 5 to 12? a. 5.5 mg/kg b. 3.5 mg/kg c. 2.5 mg/kg d. 1.5 mg/kg

c. 2.5 mg/kg Daily caffeine consumption should not exceed 2.5 mg/kg in children. A daily caffeine intake of 3 mg/kg is considered the adverse-effect level.

Q. Of the following, which is the type of skill that must develop within and be nurtured in both the personal and professional life of a manager? Hard Soft Networking Communication

Soft Hard skills can be taught. Soft skills must develop and be nurtured within our personal and professional lives.

Which of the following methods is most effective for marketing a nutrition program to an inner-city, Hispanic population? Spanish-language brochures written at high school reading level public service announcements on TV radio messages Spanish food demonstrations at local grocery stores

Spanish food demonstrations at local grocery stores

Taking Dicumarol would mean you would have to avoid: Spinach Beets Corn Beef

Spinach

A Personnel Director in a nursing home would be an example of what type of position? Staff Line Functional Narrow Concentric

Staff Staff positions—Advisory, specialists, they advise and support the line, not involved n day to day operations; Line positions—involved in day to day operations (i.e. food service cook) Functional positions—serves as both line and staff, limited authority over segment of activity because of specialized knowledge; Narrow/Concentric—not employee position terms

Who is responsible for distribution of monies for Block Grants? Federal government State government Regional government Provincial government

State government

Which type of employee benefits are required by law and ensure income to individuals in the event of unemployment, injury or death? Supplementary Compensatory Beneficiary Statutory Unemployment

Statutory Supplementary: life and health insurance; Compensatory: benefits or pay for time not worked Beneficiary: these don't exist; Statutory: as defined in question; Unemployment-not a type of employee benefit, but unemployment compensation is a type of insurance against loss income for the unemployed

Results of a patient food satisfaction survey indicate that patients think servings are too large. The dietitian should first: conduct a plate-waste study. reduce the serving size. check the serving utensils on the line. review regulations concerning nutrient requirements.

check the serving utensils on the line

The kitchen layout below is characteristic of which foodservice system? Deck ovens / Range / Tilting skillet/ Refrigerator / Freezer / Preparation counter / Bulk hot carts / Bulk cold carts commissary conventional ready prepared assembly-serve

conventional

Wilson's Disease is characterized by an excessive accumulation of which mineral in body tissues? calcium copper zinc magnesium

copper

When cleaning _______, use chlorine or quaternary ammonia. laundry counter tops oven floor

counter tops

Skin, nails, and hair are particularly high in sulfur because they are rich in which amino acids? leucine and lysine cysteine and methionine arginine and histidine proline and glutamine

cysteine and methionine

A written record of items ordered, with quantities and specifications is: a purchase requisition a standing order an invoice a receiving record

a purchase requisition

The osmolality of an enteral feeding is determined by its content of: amino acids, glucose, electrolytes electrolytes and glucose only glucose, lipids, amino acids, and electrolytes amino acids, lipids, glucose electrolytes, amino acids, and lipids

amino acids, glucose, electrolytes

Much of the energy needed for low intensity exercise is derived from: fatty acids glycogen glucose and glycerol amino acids

fatty acids

To implement an efficient staffing plan and adhere to budget constraints, the dietitian can ensure that labor costs are controlled best by: master schedules job descriptions compensation changes cross-training

master schedules

Block grants are given by the federal government to states and communities for broad purposes. The five federal block grant areas are: local,state,civic,federal,national maternal and child health, community services, social services, preventive health services, primary care maternal,child,adolescent,adult,senior community services, social services, health services, civic services, financial services

maternal and child health, community services, social services, preventive health services, primary care

Although spinach, rhubarb, cocoa and beet greens are listed as foods rich in calcium, the availability of this mineral is greatly decreased due to the high level of _________________ in these foods: lactic acid vitamin D oxalic acid pantothenic acid

oxalic acid

The vitamin found in Coenzyme A is: thiamin (B1) pantothenic acid biotin tocopherol(vitamin E)

pantothenic acid

The best way to improve communication with participants in a nutrition education group would be to focus on: paraphrasing internalizing empathizing referencing

paraphrasing

One of the most important strategies a dietitian may use to evaluate quality patient care is to: determine criteria for consultations monitor treatment for a nutrition problem periodically assess the outcomes of nutrition therapy assign individuals responsibility for monitoring activities

periodically assess the outcomes of nutrition therapy

What method is used when you log in and out movement from the storeroom? perpetual inventory mini-mixinventory physical inventory state three inventory

perpetual inventory

The mineral required for the release of energy during the oxidation of carbohydrates, protein, and fat is: calcium zinc phosphorus sulfur

phosphorus

The absorption of calcium is enhanced by: phytates and oxalates presence of lactose lack of stomach acid Vitamin D deficiency

presence of lactose

Quality control is: outcome or output oriented a measure of the quality patient care oriented proactive - focuses on the prevention of errors in food service

proactive - focuses on the prevention of errors in food service Quality control is proactive and involves planning and controlling ingredients, production methods, food quality, labor productivity and energy consumption and focuses on prevention of errors

The four P's of successful marketing are: product, politics, performance, and promotion product, price, place, and promotion price, promotion, priority, and performance place, politics, promotion and product

product, price, place, and promotion

Urea excretion is related to ___________ while creatinine excretion is related to ____________. Muscle mass, protein intake Protein intake, muscle mass Protein intake, adipose reserves Protein intake, calcium intake

protein intake, muscle mass

The pigment anthocyanin is found in which of the following vegetables? broccoli and green cabbage radishes and red cabbage carrots and squash corn and lettuce cauliflower and turnips

radishes and red cabbage

Indicate the underlying acid-base disorder: metabolic acidosis metabolic alkalosis respiratory acidosis respiratory alkalosis

respiratory acidosis

The most desirable material used for most work tables is: wood laminated plastic galvanized steel stainless steel

stainless steel

What four vitamins are helpful in the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA? cobalamin, niacin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid thiamin, pantothenic acid, riboflavin, niacin folate, Thiamin, niacin, riboflavin biotin, ascorbic acid, folic acid, pyridoxine

thiamin, pantothenic acid, riboflavin, niacin

After a bill is introduced in the House or Senate, the bill is sent: to a committee to the conference committee to the President to the floor for a vote

to a committee

Typical eating patterns for school-age children include: skipping meals eating breakfast only eating adequate fruits and vegetables obtaining 20% calories from fat

skipping meals

The National School Lunch Program requires that what fraction of the DRI's are met at each meal? 1 1/2 1/3 1/4

1/3

How many quarts of batter are needed to make 144 muffins using a #12 scoop 12 16 22

12

According to Medicare requirements, what time span is allowed between evening meals and breakfast? 6 14 10 8

14

A client's pre-pregnancy needs were approximately 1500 kcal and 40 grams of protein per day. She is now in her 2nd trimester. You would recommend her new needs to be approximately: 1600 kcals and 50 g protein 2100 kcals and 80 g protein 1840 kcals and 65 g protein 1250 kcals and 60 g protein

1840 kcals and 65 g protein

If an employee works 5 days each week, how many regular employees can be covered by one relief employee? 1 ½ 2 2 ½ 3

2 1/2 # days 5 / #days off 2 = 2.5 Approximately 1.55 employees are necessary for everyday coverage of full-time positions. Full-time employees generally are available an average of only 236 days per year because of days off and benefit days (129 days). Easy approach: Multiply 1.55 X the number of employees. 1.55 x X = 1 .5/1 = X X = 2.5

Transthyretin is an acute phase reactant protein with a short half-life of _________. 12 hr 2 days 8 days 3 weeks

2 days

At what age can an infant or child be put on reduced-fat milk? 4-6 months 1 year 2 years 3 years

2 years

The cafeteria serves lunch from 11AM - 2:30 PM with a seat turnover rate of 1.5/hour. They need to seat 250 customers. How many chairs do they need? 48 56 72 125

48

Q. When pickling foods, the level of brine acidity is critical not only for acceptable flavor and texture, but also for safety of the product. The appropriate acidity level of the vinegar used must be at least 3% 5% 10% 15%

5% White distilled and cider vinegars of 5% acidity (50 grain) are recommended for pickling. Vinegar with lower levels of acidity may not provide a high enough acid medium to inhibit unwanted microbial growth and higher levels of acidity may not result in a palatable product. National Center for Home Food Preservation. Preparing and Canning Fermented and Pickled Foods. Reviewed November, 2009. Available at: http://www.uga.edu/nchfp/how/can_06/prep_foods.html. Accessed December 9, 2016.

What is the goal rate of a TPN solution of 5% amino acids and 15% dextrose that will provide approximately 225 g carbohydrate and 76 g protein? 52 ml/hr 63 ml/hr 83 ml/hr none of the above

63 mL/hr

Which of the following types of menus would be most appropriate for a new acute-carefacility with an expected length of stay of 2 days? static 7 day cycle 14 day cycle 21day cycle

7 day cycle

The pH of the blood is usually: 6.5-7.0 7.2-7.6 7.36-7.44 7.5-7.8

7.36-7.44

How much hamburger will it take to make 300 three ounce patties with a 20% shrinkage? 52 lbs. 68 lbs. 90 lbs. 70 lbs.

70 lbs 300 servings/80 = x 3.75 oz = x Therefore. 3.75 * 300 / 16 oz per lbs = 70.3 lbs

Blood glucose levels and hemoglobin A1C tests can indicate control of blood glucose in diabetes patients. Desirable blood glucose levels and hemoglobin A1C for diabetics are (respectively): 80-130 mg/dL, Hgb A1C< 7% <170 mg/dL, HgbA1C < 4% 150-200 mg/dL, HgbA1C<7% <80 mg/dL, HgbA1C>4%

80-130 mg/dL, Hgb A1C< 7%

Which of the following vitamins can be toxic in large amounts? K & E A & D E & D A & E

A & D

Q. Which of the following is an example of a climacteric fruit? Grapefruit Melons Pineapple Tomato

Tomato Climacteric fruit continue to ripen post-harvest. Examples of climacteric fruit include tomatoes, pears, peaches, bananas, apricots, and apples. Whether a fruit is classified as climacteric or non-climacteric depends on respiration rate after maturation. Non-climacteric fruit does not have an accelerated rate post-harvest (as climacteric fruit does) and will not ripen once harvested; examples include melons, cherries, citrus fruits, and grapes.

Which laboratory measurement can be used to assess hemochromatosis? hemoglobin Serum Chromium Transferrin Saturation Hematocrit

Transferrin Saturation

Which of these work center design discourages through traffic? U-shaped back to back parallel straightline square

U-shaped

Which government agency would you contact regarding food distribution? USDA FDA HHS SNAP

USDA

In a(n).................., employees must join the union after being hired whereas in a(n).........employees must be a member of the union before being hired. Open shop, closed shop Closed shop, open shop Open shop, union shop Agency shop, union shop Union shop, closed shop

Union shop, closed shop Open shop: can join union or not; closed shop: must be member of union first before hiring union shop: must join union after being hired; agency shop: all workers must pay agency fee, but not required to join the union *closed and union shops illegal in public employment*

The employee who is elected to represent his/her fellow employees is known as? Union steward Arbitrator Mediator Collective bargainer Union official

Union steward Union steward: as stated in question, does not get extra money. Arbitrator: arbitration is the final step of collective bargaining. With arbitration, there is a hearing to dissolve a dispute during an impasse, the decision is binding. Mediator: mediation is the second step in collective bargaining. In mediation, a neutral person helps settle differences and the decision is not binding. Collective bargainer: in collective bargaining, one person represents a group of people to bargain with the employer Union official: Not a specific term.

Q. Which of the following oils is an adequate source of medium-chain triglycerides (MCT)? Corn oil Coconut oil Safflower oil Soybean oil

coconut oil MCT is a type of dietary fat shown to offer a range of health benefits. MCT is found naturally in coconut oil and palm kernel oil. Boullata J, Carney LN, Guenter P. A.S.P.E.N. Enteral Nutrition Handbook. Silver Spring, MD: American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition; 2010:100.

Q. Two fats that are high in saturated fat and solid at room temperature include coconut oil and safflower oil. corn oil and palm kernel oil. soybean oil and palm oil. coconut oil and palm kernel oil.

coconut oil and palm kernel oil. Coconut oil is 91% saturated fat, palm oil is 51% saturated fat, soybean oil is 15% saturated fat, corn oil is 13% saturated fat, and safflower oil is 10% saturated fat. Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes: The Essential Guide to Nutrient Requirements. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2006:122-139. Available at: https://www.nap.edu/catalog/11537/dietary-reference-intakes-the-essential-guide-to-nutrient-requirements. Accessed December 10, 2016.

Ms. Lindstrom is a 22 year old patient admitted to the hospital because of vomiting, abdominal pain and tenderness.She is confused and exhibits labored breathing and air hunger. *normal PC02 = 35-45 mmHg *normal HCO3 = 24 - 29 *PC02 is compensating *pH: 7.2, PC02: 40, HC03: 5, Na: 131, K: 4.7, Cl: 9.5 Indicate your evaluation of her acid base status acidemia alkalemia normal cannot be determined

acidemia

The hormone that promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion from the kidney tubule if the body's sodium level is low is: antidiuretic hormone aldosterone calcitonin estrogen

aldosterone

In the respiratory regulation of pH, an increase of CO2 causes: an increased respiratory rate an increased loss of CO2 through the lungs a decrease in the amount of H2CO3 all of the above

all of the above

The purpose of outcomes research is to: determine the best approach to solving a problem determine the most cost effective way to solve aproblem determine the most productive outcomes determine the best outcome desired

determine the most cost effective way to solve a problem The results of outcomes research are used to inform the decisions of legislative bodies that make decisions related to healthcare, as well as of financial bodies (governments, insurers, employers) who seek to minimize cost and waste while ensuring the provision of an acceptable level of care

OSHA's responsibilities do not include: establishing minimum safety standards inspecting facilities examining records of occupational injuries developing a better safety program for a facility

developing a better safety program for a facility

A facility with a labor turnover rate of 50% also experiences numerous equipment malfunctions. Both problems might be resolved through improved: employee training repair standards equipment quality ergonomics

employee training

Q. The practices and attitudes that influence an individual's food choices are known as food preferences. food habits. food satisfaction. food connection.

food habits Food habits are the practices and associated attitudes that predetermine what and when a person will eat. Food preferences are the foods a person likes to eat and food satisfaction measures the level of eating enjoyment of an individual.

A hospital dietitian attempting to implement the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative to enhance successful breastfeeding should first: send a cover letter and summary of the initiative to all hospital staff form a interprofessional task force to develop an implementation plan offer an inservice training session about the benefits of breastfeeding to nurses investigate the feasibility of rooming in for mothers and infants

form a interprofessional task force to develop an implementation plan

What is the best way to assess what a group of students has learned after diet instruction? list their skills have them explain their skills have them demonstrate their skills post-test on their skills

have them demonstrate their skills

How can you encourage preschool children to eat more fruits and vegetables? Have them participate in preparing fruits and vegetables Have them draw pictures of fruits and vegetables Give examples of good choices using a slide show Give examples of good choices using pictures

have them participate in preparing fruits and vegetables

Which of the following is the most useful for evaluating long term nutrition in a community assessment program? height for age weight for height weight for age length for weight

height for age

Refeeding syndrome results in: hypokalemia hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesmia hypokalemia hyperphosphatemia, hypomagnesemia hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypermagnesemia none of the choices

hypokalemia hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesmia

Q. One part of the brain that is critical to regulating hunger and satiety is the cerebral cortex. cerebellum. hypothalamus. medulla.

hypothalamus The hypothalamus produces hormones that control body temperature, hunger, moods, sleep, thirst, and sex drive. McGuire M, Beerman KA. Nutritional Sciences: From Fundamentals to Food. 3rd ed. Boston, MA: Cengage; 2012.

A performance appraisal is best used for which objective? improve performance Provide constructive feedback Motivate employees Judge performance Establish personal goals

improve performance The best use of an employee evaluation is to improve their performance by providing feedback *note: providing feedback leads to the objective...which is improved performance*

The primary goal of outcomes research in a health care setting is to: decrease healthcare costs increase cost-effectiveness improve the quality of services offered give the facility a competitive advantage

improve the quality of services offered Outcomes research is applied clinical and population based research that seeks to study and optimize the end results of healthcare in terms of benefits to the patient and society. The intent of this research is to identify shortfalls in practice and to develop strategies to improve care

Which of the following qualities is unique to niacin? a moderate dose will result in high serum cholesterol levels-can lower serum cholesterol it can be synthesized by the amino acid tryptophan it can be synthesized by the amino acid tryptophan if taken in insufficient quantities, paralysis could result

it can be synthesized by the amino acid tryptophan

A child is found to be below the 5th percentile weight for height. What can be said about the child? the child is tall for his age the child has a disease that inhibits growth it is an indication of long term malnutrition it is an indication of recent undernutrition

it is an indication of recent undernutrition

Q. Which of the following phrases is the best example of how a dietetics practitioner should reiterate to the client information about his or her dietary intake of calcium? "The amount of calcium you eat is low." "Your dietary intake of calcium increases your risk for developing osteoporosis." "You eat one serving of a calcium-rich food each day and the experts tell us to eat three." "People who eat one serving of a calcium-rich food each day are at an increased risk for osteoporosis."

"People who eat one serving of a calcium-rich food each day are at an increased risk for osteoporosis." Making a general response is less accusatory. This response shows that, in general, all individuals with limited calcium intake—not just the client—are at increased risk. Boyle MA, Holben DH. Community Nutrition in Action: An Entrepreneurial Approach. 5th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth; 2009:544.

Q. Which of the following would be an appropriate response for the nutrition professional using reflective listening to provide to a client who states: "I don't have time to prepare healthy meals at home"? "There must be many demands on your time at home." "There are many time-saving shortcuts that I can share with you to help ease the time crunch." "Everyone is busy, but preparing healthy meals should be a priority for you." "That is true for me too, but I know it is important so I try."

"There must be many demands on your time at home." Reflective listening allows the practitioner to test a hypothesis of what has been heard and involves making statements to confirm understanding of the client's meaning. Giving advice is not appropriate in reflective listening. Holli BB, Beto JA. Nutrition Counseling and Education Skills for Dietetics Professionals. 6th ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2012:88.

Q. Relationship-building skills include a task referred to as "legitimation." Which of the following phrases is the best example of a "legitimation statement"? "I'm looking forward to working together to resolve this concern." "Your anger is understandable. Most people would feel angry if they experienced what you did." "I really admire you for being able to lose weight while maintaining such a hectic work schedule." "I don't think that I would have been as understanding as you are if I had experienced what you have had happen in your life."

"Your anger is understandable. Most people would feel angry if they experienced what you did." By acknowledging that there was a reason for the behavior, it indicates the response from the client was legitimate.

DRG's allow $1600 for an appendectomy with a 4 day stay. The patient is released in 3 days. The hospital will receive: $1200 $800 $2000 $1600

$1600 Diagnosis related group- reimbursement amount regardless of patient stay

A food service operates with a 35% food cost. If a menu item has raw food cost of $1.25, and it takes an employee 45 minutes at $6.00 an hour to prepare, what is the traditional selling price? $2.75 $3.25 $2.50 $3.58

$3.58 Selling price = Food Cost/Desired Food Cost % Selling price = 1.25/.35 = 3.58

Store frozen fruits and vegetables at: 0 to 10 oF -10 to -20 o F <32 o F -10 to 0o F

-10 to 0o F

Q. Bacterial spoilage is most likely to occur at which water activity? 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.3

0.9 The water activity of a food is the ratio between the vapor pressure of the food itself, when in a completely undisturbed balance with the surrounding air media, and the vapor pressure of distilled water under identical conditions. A water activity of 0.80 means the vapor pressure is 80% of that of pure water. The water activity increases with temperature. The moisture condition of a product can be measured as the equilibrium relative humidity expressed in percentage or as the water activity expressed as a decimal. The higher the water activity, the more likely the food is to spoil. Brown AC. Understanding Food: Principles and Preparation. 5th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage; 2014.

Q. Achieving the appropriate aw level in dehydrated foods is crucial to ensure food safety and adequate shelf life. Most microorganisms grow well at an aw level of 0.65 to 0.70. 0.91 to 0.99. 0.75 to 0.80. 0.25 to 0.35.

0.91 to 0.99 The water activity (aw) level that limits the growth of the majority of pathogenic bacteria is 0.70 aw to 0.90 aw. The lower limit for all microorganisms is 0.60 aw. Penn State Extension. Water Activity of Foods Table. Available at: http://extension.psu.edu/food-safety/food-preservation/issues/water-activity-of-foods/water-activity-of-foods-table. Accessed December 9, 2016. McWilliams M. Foods: Experimental Perspectives. 8th ed. New York City, NY: Pearson; 2016.

How many minutes are needed to sanitize dishes when washing by hand using chlorine? 1 2 3 4

1 Dishwashing: clean, sanitize 3 compartment sink: a.wash - 110-120'F, b. rinse warm water; c. sanitize 170'F for at least 30 seconds, or use chemical solution for 1 minute in lukewarm water (75' F); d. let pots and pans air-dry

Using the exchange system, calculate the grams of protein provided by the following meal: 4 oz hamburger, 1 hamburger bun, ½ cup cooked broccoli, 1 apple, 1 cup skim milk 1. 44 grams 2. 39 grams 3. 41 grams 4. 37 grams

1. 44 grams

How much weight should a woman gain during the first 12 weeks of her pregnancy? 0 pounds 2-4 pounds 0-2 pounds 5-10 pounds

2-4 pounds

Question text What is the desirable/recommended intake of dietary fiber per day? 1. 10-15 grams 2. 20-30 grams 3. 30-40 grams 4. <10 grams

2. 20-30 grams

What is the probable weight at age one year of girls who eventually weigh 36 pounds at age three years? (use growth chart) 21 pounds 24 pounds 27 pounds 28 pounds

24 pounds

Q. How many dietary folate equivalents (DFE) are provided in a supplement containing 150 mcg folate? 150 DFE 225 DFE 250 DFE 270 DFE

250 DFE 1 mcg DFE = 0.6 mcg folic acid from dietary supplements consumed with food. 150 ÷ 0.6 = 250.

The acceptable range for osmolality of serum is: 280 to 298 mOsm/kg 160 to 300 mOsm/kg <180 mOsm/kg 300 to 350 mOsm/kg

280 to 298 mOsm/kg

Q. According to the USDA, what is a penalty for falsely labeling a product as "organic"? A civil fine Imprisonment Confiscation of assets Confiscation of the product

A civil fine Fines of up to $17,952 for each violation are possible when a company is found to be using fraudulent documents to market, label, or sell non-organic agricultural products as organic. US Department of Agriculture. Fraudulent organic certificates. Available at: https://www.ams.usda.gov/services/enforcement/organic/fraudulent-certificates. Accessed August 26, 2019.

Q. Which of the following is an application of nanotechnology in the foodservice industry? Computer software that manages inventory via the tracking of sales Foodservice storage containers that are permeable to gasses that contribute to spoilage A frying oil that catalytically inhibits the thermal polymerization of the oil Increasing the concentration of vitamin D in low-fat dairy products to increase the potential for absorption

A frying oil that catalytically inhibits the thermal polymerization of the oil There is a catalytic device that conditions frying oil through the use of nanotechnology. By catalytically inhibiting the thermal polymerization of frying oil, the product promises to slow the oil's deterioration, thus preserving its freshness and lengthening its use. The result is crispier fries, higher food quality, and reduced oil and disposal costs.

Q. Which is an example of chemical spoilage? Acidic action of foods with metal-lined containers Metal curls from a worn-out can opener that fall into the food when the can is being opened Development of an off-flavor due to uncontrolled enzyme reaction Anasakis contamination from fish

Acidic action of foods with metal-lined containers Chemical spoilage occurs in preserved foods, especially canned ones. It is usually the result of interaction between the contents and an imperfect container. There may be gas produced or discoloration of the tin.

Q. Building an appropriate protein matrix is essential for achieving the proper quality features in baked goods. Increasing the amount of sugar in a recipe will have which of the following effects on gluten development and the mixing process? Added sugar will speed gluten development and require more manipulation. Added sugar will slow gluten development and require more manipulation. Added sugar will speed gluten development and require less manipulation. Added sugar will slow gluten development and require less manipulation.

Added sugar will slow gluten development and require more manipulation. When sugar is added to a dough or batter mixture, the sugar will compete with the starch for the water in the dough or batter. Reducing the amount of available water will slow gluten development and will increase mixing (manipulation) times for the dough or batter. McWilliams M. Foods: Experimental Perspectives. 8th ed. New York City, NY: Pearson; 2016.

Q. What gauge of stainless steel is most common in foodservice operations? 14 16 18 All of the above.

All of the above Foodservice operations utilize 14, 16, and 18 gauge stainless steel most frequently. The lower the gauge number is, the thicker the metal is. This makes stainless steel gauges like 14, 16, and 18 less likely to dent than other gauges (such as 20 and 22). Gregoire MB, Spears MC. Foodservice Organizations: A Managerial and Systems Approach. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson; 2016.

Delegation of responsibilities to an employee allows the manager to share responsibility for a task. What is the best example of delegation? Tell the employee what to do Allow the employee to change procedures to achieve the desired outcome Require the employee to provide daily progress reports Select an employee who is interested in management

Allow the employee to change procedures to achieve the desired outcome

Q. Which of these individuals is most likely to present with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome? A premature infant An alcoholic man A postmenopausal woman A disabled child

An alcoholic man The abuse of alcohol often leads to a severe form of thiamin deficiency known as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.

You have an appointment with a client newly diagnosed with Type II diabetes who is using insulin for BG control. When he shows up for his appointment you smell an odor of alcohol. On interview the client states he had three drinks with lunch, but he adjusted his insulin to cover the alcohol carbs. You advise him: Commend him for taking appropriate precautions Tell him never to drink again because it could kill him Offer him some quick CHO source and explain the negative effects of alcohol on blood sugar Answers A & C Answers B & C

Answers A&C Commend him for taking appropriate precautions Offer him some quick CHO source and explain the negative effects of alcohol on blood sugar

Which of the following is not a type of power that managers may use to exert influence over others? Referent Authoritative Position Expert Reward

Authoritative

The most important factor in developing an action plan for a community nutrition program is the: Availability of food programs Population groups in the community Availability of funds and manpower Variety of health problems in the community

Availability of funds and manpower

Q. Fruits and vegetables that have not been blanched prior to freezing are more susceptible to which kind of deterioration? Fermentation Browning Biological spoilage Freezer burn

Browning Blanching slows or stops the enzyme action. Enzymes help vegetables grow and mature. After maturation, however, they cause loss of quality, flavor, color, texture, and nutrients. Brown AC. Understanding Food: Principles and Preparation. 5th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage; 2014.

What are the steps, in order, for collective bargaining? Arbitration, mediation, bargaining Bargaining, mediation, arbitration Mediation, bargaining, arbitration Arbitration, bargaining, mediation Bargaining, arbitration, mediation

Bargaining, mediation, arbitration Bargaining: bargaining occurs between the union steward and management; Mediation: if bargaining fails, a neutral person helps settle differences, the decision is not binding; Arbitration: if mediation rails, there is a hearing to dissolve a dispute during an impasse; decision is binding. The final step in bargaining.

Q. How should foods that do not hold well for long periods of time, such as broccoli, be prepared? Batch cooking Cook-chill Combi-oven Steamed

Batch Cooking The best way to prepare foods that do not hold well is to prepare them as close to service as possible. Batch cooking means cooking smaller quantities of foods as needed for service. Foods may be cooked in a combi-oven, steamer, or other equipment very close to service.

1. Which of the following lunch menus would be most appropriate for an 15-month-old infant? Beef patty, whole wheat bread, cooked carrots, banana chunks, and whole milk Baked chicken leg, lettuce with low-fat dressing, broccoli, mashed potatoes, and 2% milk Sliced turkey, rice, sliced cucumbers, applesauce, and whole milk Cottage cheese, canned peaches, cooked carrots, white bread, and 2% milk

Beef patty, whole wheat bread, cooked carrots, banana chunks, and whole milk

Which of the following laboratory values assesses protein status in acutely stressed patients? albumin retinal-binding protein transferrin C-Reactive protein

C-Reactive protein

What is the primary advantage of microwave rethermalization? It heats food evenly. It retains nutrients It requires little space. It expedites on-demand preparation.

It expedites on-demand preparation

A patient's laboratory chart values show an increase in prothrombin time, normal hemoglobin, and normal hematocrit. What nutrient may be lacking in this patient? Folic acid Calcium Iron Potassium

Calcium

A person on Lasix therapy may want to include increased amounts of which foods: Spinach, green peppers, tomato Cantaloupe, dried prunes, bananas Beef liver, oysters, spinach Beef liver, oysters, spinach Sardines (bones), milk, and cheddar Radishes, cabbage, celery, cheese

Cantaloupe, dried prunes, bananas

Hyperkalemia may cause: Shock Cardiac arrest (detected by electrocardiograph) Decreased sodium retention Decreased iron stores

Cardiac arrest (detected by electrocardiograph)

The........budget projects revenues and expenses and shows inflow/output of cash. Operating Capital Cash Zero-based Performance

Cash

Q. Which of the following foodservice systems involves foods that are prepared and assembled on trays in one location and transported to other locations for service? Decentralized meal assembly Centralized meal assembly Ready-prepared meal production Tray service

Centralized meal assembly In centralized meal assembly, food items are prepared and assembled on trays before being transported to other locations for service. In decentralized meal assembly, the menu items are produced in one location and then transported to other locations for assembly closer to the customers. In ready-prepared foodservice systems, food is produced onsite, held chilled or frozen, reheated, and served to customers on site. In tray service, food is prepared and then portioned, reheated, and served to customers on trays. Gregoire MB, Spears MC. Foodservice Organizations: A Managerial and Systems Approach. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson; 2016.

Q. Which of the following is a pulse? Peanut Cabbage Pea pod Chickpea

Chickpea Pulses are the edible seeds of plants in the legume family, including pea, chickpea, lentil, and bean. They are high in protein, lysine, leucine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and arginine. Although individual peas are pulses, the pea pod itself is a legume. Mohammed I, Ahmed AR, Senge B. Effects of chickpea flour on wheat pasting properties and bread making quality. J Food Sci Technol. 2014;51(9):1902-1910. doi: 10.1007/s13197-012-0733-9

Which of the following prevents discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin and political affiliation? Civil Rights Act Fair Labor Standards Act Equal Employment Opportunity Act Labor Management Relations Act National Labor Relations Act

Civil Rights Act

After a bill has been introduced in Congress, the bill is published in the: Federal Register Congressional Record White House Journal House Agenda

Congressional Record

A manage asks for input and advice from several employees on a situation. He then makes a decision which may or may not reflect the input provided by the employees. He is using what leadership decision-making style? democratic autocratic group consultative

Consultative leadership styles and techniques a. styles - listed in decreasing order of control (1) autocratic -demands obedience, most control (2) consultative - asks for input, but makes final decision alone (3) bureaucratic - by the book, follows procedures to the letter (4) participative- emerging trend in management. Encourage workers to participate in decision-making. Uses quality circles: small group of employees who meet regularly to identify and solve problems (5) free rein (laissez-faire) - least control

Which is not a characteristic of the B vitamin thiamin? Integral for energy metabolism Richest source is pork Stays intact when exposed to heat Is important for patients suffering from alcoholism

Stays intact when exposed to heat

Q. Which of the following does not provide a significant source of vitamin D? Egg yolk Kale Sardines Fortified milk

Kale Some of the sources of vitamin D include fortified milk, fish, egg yolk, and butter. Rolfes SR, Pinna K, Whitney E. Understanding Normal and Clinical Nutrition. 10th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage; 2015.

A patient has anemia and low RBC count. This may be due to: Diabetes Heart disease Kidney disease Influenza infection

Kidney disease

The ..........includes duties involved on the job, conditions of the job and qualifications needed for the job while the ........reflects the required skills and responsibilities needed for the job. Job description, job specification Job specification, job description Job description, job analysis Job analysis, job description Job specification, job analysis

Job specification, job description

Q. Which of the following conditions may be affected by the chromium and nickel content of stainless steel cookware? Iron-deficiency anemia Autism Dermatitis Atherosclerosis

Dermatitis Stainless steel cookware contains nickel and chromium. Nickel and, to a lesser extent, chromium can induce contact allergic dermatitis. Stainless steel grade, cooking time, and cookware usage may play a role in leaching during food preparation. Kamerud KL, Hobbie KA, Anderson KA. Stainless steel leaches nickel and chromium into foods during cooking. J Agric Food Chem. 2013;61(39):9495-9501.doi: 10.1021/jf402400v

Responsibility, recognition by management, and participation in decision-making are all considered true motivators by: Herzberg Taylor Maslow Likert

Herzberg

Q. A patient with acute renal failure will have a higher need of _____ compared with a similar patient with optimal renal function? Protein Potassium Fluid Energy

Energy Studies have shown a significant and strong negative correlation between creatinine clearance and resting metabolic rate, indicating that energy expenditure increases as kidney function declines. Mahan LK, Escott-Stump S. Krause's Food, Nutrition, and Diet Therapy. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders Company; 2000:968.

Q. Which USDA grades of beef are missing from this list: prime, canner, select, choice, utility, and commercial? Standard, acceptable Good, cutter Acceptable, good Cutter, standard

Cutter, standard The grades for beef from highest to lowest are prime, choice, select, standard, commercial, utility, cutter, and canner. The two missing grades are cutter and standard. Gregoire MB, Spears MC. Foodservice Organizations: A Managerial and Systems Approach. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson; 2016.

Which management technique is designed to prove expert minds in a series of interviews from which some consensus is sought and participants do not meet Delbecq's nominal group technique Focus group Pareto charts Delphi technique Cause and effect diagram

Delphi technique

The TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families) program, which assists families who are not able to provide basic needs for their children, is run by what agency? UNICEF DHHS USDA FNS

DHHS

A woman with an albumin of 3.3 g/dl may be suffering from all of the following except: Liver disease Malnutrition Ascites Dehydration Malignancy

Dehydration

What is the first thing you do after a needs assessment? Rank priorities Hire a director Diagnose Write the budget

Diagnose

Which program helps to improve the health and diagnostic status of low-income children by providing healthcare services? Medicare Team Nutrition WIC EPSDT

EPSDT

Which of the following is not a program of the USDA? Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Elderly Nutrition Program National School Lunch Program The Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program

Elderly Nutrition Program

An Asian pregnant woman comes to your office for counseling. She does not drink milk. What is the first thing you should do? Give a list of calcium rich foods Explain the importance of calcium in relation to infant health Tell her to eat yogurt and cheese It is not important; many doctors do not recommend that pregnant women drink milk

Explain the importance of calcium in relation to infant health

Guidelines or regulations that detail how a law will be implemented, and any penalties that may be imposed if the law is violated are published in: Congressional Journal Federal Register Congressional Report Code of Federal Regulations

Federal Register

A recent supplement has made the claim that it can increase endurance, decrease muscle fatigue and stimulate weight loss. Which agency would be used to determine the truth in these labeling claims? Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Federal Trade Commission (FTC) None of the above can complete this task All of the above can complete this task

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

Taxes are an example of ...... costs whereas uniforms are an example of ..... costs and labor an example of ..... costs. Fixed,semi-variable, variable Variable, semi-variable, fixed Semi-variable, fixed,variable Fixed, variable,semi-variable Variable, fixed, semi-variable

Fixed, variable,semi-variable

Q. The safety and quality of meat and poultry imported to the United States is overseen by the_________. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Food Safety and Inspections Service (FSIS) US Customs Office (USCO) US Department of Commerce (USDC)

Food Safety and Inspections Service (FSIS) The Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) is the public health agency in the US Department of Agriculture responsible for ensuring that the nation's commercial supply of meat, poultry, and egg products is safe, wholesome, and correctly labeled and packaged. FSIS inspects all raw meat and poultry sold in interstate and foreign commerce, including imported products. Gregoire MB. Foodservice Organizations: A Managerial and Systems Approach. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson; 2016.

Q. What is the primary regulatory agency responsible for the safety of imported fish? Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) United States Department of International Commerce (USDIC)

Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Each of these entities govern aspects of the food supply, but the FDA regulates safety of imported products, including imported fish. US Food and Drug Administration. Imported seafood safety program. Last updated November 2017. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/ImportsExports/Importing/ucm248706.htm. Accessed April 3, 2019.

A patient needs a 2000-calorie, 2-gram sodium diet.Which of the following tube feedingformulas is best? Calories/ccg Na/liter Formula 1 1.2 Formula 2 1.52 Formula 3 2.1 Formula 4 1.1 Formula 1 Formula 2 Formula 3 Formula 4

Formula 4

Q. Which of the following amino acids is classified as a nonessential amino acid? Valine Lysine Glycine Threonine

Glycine Essential amino acids are histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.

Which of the following organizations is based on the concept that services should be available to keep people well and treat them before hospitalization becomes necessary? DRG HMO NIH WHO

HMO (Health Maintenance Organization)

Q. Which of the following has been listed as an essential element in the provision of culturally competent community nutrition programming? Standardizing service delivery on the basis of an understanding of cultural diversity Having institutionalized cultural knowledge Minimizing the unplanned interactions of people from different cultures Having the capacity to avoid self-assessing the cultural diversity of others

Having institutionalized cultural knowledge Infusing cultural competence at every level includes providing competent community nutrition programs and involves having institutionalized cultural knowledge. Standardizing delivery of service, avoiding self-assessment, and minimizing interactions may be exclusive to some groups and do not contribute to being culturally competent. These are more likely to overlook some cultural differences that may exist in a diverse community population.

An appropriate measurement for iron status in a local WIC is: Serum iron Transferrin TIBC Hematocrit

Hematocrit

Q. What is the name of the substance that denatures protein in the stomach during digestion? Chymotrypsin Elastase Pepsin Hydrochloric acid

Hydrochloric acid Pepsin is a digestive enzyme found in gastric juice that catalyzes the breakdown of protein to peptides. However, hydrochloric acid is the substance that denatures the protein and is critical for creating the environment for pepsin activity in digestion. Chymotrypsin is a pancreatic digestive enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of certain proteins in the small intestine into polypeptides and amino acids. Elastase is an enzyme found especially in pancreatic juice that catalyzes the hydrolysis of elastin.

What lab test is used to evaluate hypo-or hyperthyroidism? I.T4 II.Parathyroid Hormone III. T3 IV. Calcitonin I I, III, IV I and III I, II, III, and IV

I and III

A low income mother of 5 1/2 year old twins old requires assistance. What program(s) would you refer her to: I. the SNAP program II. Commodity supplemental food program III. The Head Start program IV. Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children. I I, IV I, II, III I, II All of the above

I, II

The .................. presents the revenue, expenses and profits over the course of a budget period. Financial ratio Income statement Breakeven analysis Balance sheet Liability and asset ratio

Income statement

The results of a glucose tolerance test would best be plotted on: Linear regression Line graph Pie chart Mean & standard deviation chart

Line graph

Q. A registered dietitian nutritionist is working with a client to reduce blood cholesterol levels. The client is knowledgeable about a hyperlipidemia diet and is able to devise healthy meal plans, but he has moderate readiness in independently following the nutrition care plan. To be most effective in meeting the client's needs, what would be the RDN's approach? Continue to provide dietary instructions to the client and closely monitor compliance. Help the client gain confidence through listening, advising, and coaching. Listen to the client. Encourage and support the skills the client has developed. Turn over responsibility for nutrition care to the client.

Listen to the client. Encourage and support the skills the client has developed. The patient is knowledgeable with moderate readiness, so the RDN needs to find out what the client knows by listening to, encouraging, and supporting the client to help him be fully ready to execute the diet to reduce blood cholesterol. Gregoire MB, Spears MC. Foodservice Organizations: A Managerial and Systems Approach. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson; 2016.

Which medication is affected by a change from a regular diet to a 2gm sodium diet? Lithium Mellaril Tetracycline (antibiotic) Valproate(anticonvulsant, anti-manic, mygraines prophylaxis

Lithium

Labs: Hgb 10, Hct 30, MCV 104 Indicate what kind of anemia Macrocytic, hypochromic Microcytic, hyperchromic Normocytic, microcytic, normochromic None of the choices

Macrocytic, hypochromic

Which is a measure of somatic proteins? Serum albumin Serum transferrin Mid-arm muscle circumference Triceps skinfold

Mid-arm muscle circumference

Q. Which classic vitamin deficiency is known for the four Ds: dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea, and death? Thiamine Niacin Biotin Folic acid

Niacin Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea, and death are the typical symptoms of pellagra, a disease caused by niacin deficiency. Gropper S, Smith J. Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism. 6th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth; 2013.

Identifying tasks and activities and dividing tasks into positions would fall under which function of management? Planning Organizing Directing Controlling Evaluating

Organizing

Older people would not likely have one of the following: obesity Osteomalacia Osteoporosis High blood pressure

Osteomalacia

Q. The evaluation tool that is used for effective planning and controls functions of management is called: PERT chart MIS processing HACCP strategic planning

PERT chart MIS processing and HACCP are not tools associated with functions of management. Strategic planning is a management process of determining long-term goals and the best approach to accomplish them. It is used to inform policies and operational decisions. The program evaluation review technique, or PERT, chart is the evaluation tool for controlling management functions. Payne-Palacio J, Theis M. Foodservice Management Principles and Practice. 12th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall; 2012.

Q. Which of the following is true of strategic planning? Performance improvement is focused on identifying and resolving issues Performance improvement is focused on specifying goals and objectives and translating them into work programs It is less likely to identify how to achieve an idealized version of the organization compared with long-range planning It focuses solely on the internal environment of the organization.

Performance improvement is focused on identifying and resolving issues Though long-range planning and strategic planning are sometimes used as synonyms, they bear some fundamental differences: Long-range planning focuses performance improvement on specifying goals and objectives and translating them into work programs whereas strategic planning focuses performance improvement on identifying and resolving issues Compared with long-range planning, strategic planning is more likely to result in an idealized vision for the organization as well as a strategy to achieve it More so than long-range planning, strategic planning focuses on both the internal and external environment of the organization. Gregoire MB. Foodservice Organizations: A Managerial and Systems Approach. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall; 2016.

Services for the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children include all of the following except: Referrals to health care services for low income, breastfeeding mothers Nutrition education for low income, pregnant women Provides food to children up to age 8 who are determined to be at risk by a nutritionist Vouchers for foods providing nutrients that are lacking in the diets of low income post partem women

Provides food to children up to age 8 who are determined to be at risk by a nutritionist

Q. Which set of dietary intake values establishes a goal for dietary intake that will meet the needs of nearly all healthy people? Estimated Average Requirement Recommended Dietary Allowance Adequate Intake Tolerable Upper Intake Level

Recommended Dietary Allowance Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is the average daily dietary intake level sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97% to 98%) healthy individuals in a group. The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is the intake that meets the established nutrient needs of one-half of the individuals in a specific group. Adequate Intake (AI) is an estimate of average requirements when evidence is not available to establish an RDA. Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the maximum intake by an individual that is unlikely to pose risks for adverse health effect in a healthy individual in a specific group. There is no established standard for individuals to consume nutrients at levels above the RDA or AI. Whitney EN, Rolfes S. Understanding Nutrition. 13th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage; 2012.

A Recent Nutrition-related bill has been revised by the appropriate committee and approved. Where is the bill sent next for debate? Another committee House of Representatives and Senate Joint House-Senate Conference committee Rules Committee State Legislators

Rules Committee

Q. Which of the following fats/oils have the highest smoke point, making it ideal for high heat cooking? Peanut oil Olive oil Shortening Safflower oil

Safflower oil The smoke point in fats and oils is the temperature at which a fat or oil will begin to smoke. If heated beyond their smoke point, fats can reach their flash point and ignite. Monoglycerides have lower smoke points; diglycerides and triglycerides have higher smoke points. Of the fats/oils listed, safflower oil has a smoke point of 513°F, peanut oil has a smoke point of 453° F, olive oil has a smoke point of 375°F, and shortening has a smoke point of 356°F to 370°F. McWilliams M. Foods: Experimental Perspectives. 8th ed. New York City, NY: Pearson; 2016.

Which of the following definitions states that authority and responsibility flow in a direct line vertically from the highest to lowest echelons? unity of command Scalar principle Criticisms Theory Z System's approach

Scalar principle

Vitamin B12 status is best obtained by which lab test? Wernicke's Test Schilling Test Whipple's Test Friedwald equation

Schilling Test

Which of the following requires a higher stress factor when figuring protein needs in acute care? COPD Sepsis Chronic Renal Failure Elective Surgery

Sepsis

Q. When functioning as the foodservice buyer, which practice would be acceptable? Serving as the legal agent for the organization Sharing quotes between bidders in order to get the lowest price possible Attending vendor-sponsored parties Giving one supplier confidential information from another supplier

Serving as the legal agent for the organization As a foodservice buyer, one must ethically represent the organization; sharing quotes and giving out confidential information are not ethical behaviors. Attending vendor-sponsored parties or accepting other "gifts" from a vendor is unethical.

Q. After defining the nutrition problem, which of the following is the correct sequence of steps a community nutritionist should follow in assessing the needs of the community? Set the parameters of the assessment, collect data, analyze and interpret the data, share the findings, and set priorities. Set priorities, collect data, set the parameters of the assessment, analyze and interpret the data, and share the findings. Choose a plan of action, collect data, set the parameters of the assessment, share the findings, and analyze and interpret the data. Collect data, analyze and interpret the data, set the parameters, share the findings, and set the priorities.

Set the parameters of the assessment, collect data, analyze and interpret the data, share the findings, and set priorities. Boyle MA, Holben DH. Community Nutrition in Action: An Entrepreneurial Approach. 6th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage; 2012.

Q. Which of the following food additives does NOT have generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status? Sodium chloride Plant sterols Allspice Sucralose

Sucralose Some sweeteners have GRAS status and some are approved for use as food additives, as dictated by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Sucralose is approved by the FDA as a general purpose sweetener, but it does not have GRAS status. GRAS status evaluation protocols are detailed in the Code of Federal Regulations (21 CFR 170) . GRAS sweeteners are determined by scientific consensus regarding their safety; see 21 CFR, parts 182 and 184. US Food and Drug Administration. Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). Available at: Website. Accessed July 20, 2019. US Food and Drug Administration. Additional information about high-intensity sweeteners permitted for use in food in the United States. Available at: Website. Accessed July 20, 2019.

A 13 month old child has a diet consisting of milk, fruit, and vegetables. What recommendation should you make first? Suggest getting a hemoglobin value on the child Take the child off milk Include meat in diet Teach the mother the value of a varied diet

Suggest getting a hemoglobin value on the child

Q. Which of these activities is an example of a diabetes prevention program? Providing nutrition education to a workshop for people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes Providing nutrition education to a workshop for people with prediabetes Supporting individuals with prediabetes to make lifestyle changes via a series of classes Supporting individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes to lose weight via a series of classes

Supporting individuals with prediabetes to make lifestyle changes via a series of classes A prevention program would target individuals before they develop diabetes and provide ongoing support to make changes over time instead of just provide information in one class. Briggs KE, Stanley K. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: The Role of Medical Nutrition Therapy and Registered Dietitian Nutritionists in the Prevention and Treatment of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2018;118(2):343-353.

Which would be the most appropriate meal for a Muslim? hamburger, French fries, coffee, and jello cubes fish sandwich, potato puffs, and beer spare ribs, baked potato, green beans, and coffee T-bone steak, baked potato, corn, dinner roll, and coffee

T-bone steak, baked potato, corn, dinner roll, and coffee

The .....outlawed the closed shop. Wagner Act Taft Hartley Labor Act Landrum-Griffin Act Fair Labor Standards Act Civil Rights Act

Taft Hartley Labor Act

What program is designed to improve the quality of school lunch and nutrition? Medicare WIC Team Nutrition EPSDT

Team Nutrition

What are the three basic skills needed to be a successful manager? Technical, human, conceptual Human, informational, conceptual Technical, conceptual, informational Human, technical, informational Informational, process-oriented, outcome-oriented

Technical, human, conceptual

If you worked overtime and did not get paid, which labor law would help your claim? The Equal Opportunity Act The Fair Labor Standards Act The Equal Pay Act The Civil Rights Act

The Fair Labor Standards Act Fair Labor Standards Act 1938 - may be called Minimum Wage or Wage Hour Law; set minimum wage; for overtime work (over 40 hours in 1 week) must pay time and one-half; minimum wage - listed at Bureau of Labor Standards. Equal Employment Opportunity Act - prevents discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, political affiliation, overseen by EEOC Equal Pay Act - prohibits discrimination on basis of sex Civil Rights Act - prevents discrimination on basis of race, color, national origin; overseen by the EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission)

Morbidity may be defined as: The number of individuals with a disease in a given area The number of individuals who have died in a given area The number of individuals who are overweight in a given area None of the above

The number of individuals with a disease in a given area

Q. Rickets is a result of which vitamin deficiency? Vitamin A Vitamin C Vitamin D Vitamin K

Vitamin D The most obvious sign of vitamin D deficiency is abnormality of bones. Rickets is caused by vitamin D deficiency and is characterized in children by bowed legs from bones too weak to support the body weight and a protruding belly that results from lax abdominal muscles. Rolfes SR, Pinna K, Whitney E. Understanding Normal and Clinical Nutrition. 10th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage; 2015.

WIC provides food assistance to any pregnant or lactating mother or child under age 5, if: the mother or child has inadequate dietary standards (as assessed) there is high parity and young age the infant has a congenital defect WIC is not an entitlement program, and therefore can serve only as many people as its annual appropriation from Congress permits

WIC is not an entitlement program, and therefore can serve only as many people as its annual appropriation from Congress permits

Which act guarantees the right to organize and join labor unions and gave unions the right to be the bargaining agent? Wagner Act Taft Hartley Labor Act Landrum-Griffin Act Fair Labor Standards Act Civil Rights Act

Wagner Act Wagner Act-(Nat. Labor Relations Act)-as defined in question; Taft Hartley Labor Act (Labor Management Relations Act)-balanced powers of labor and management; amended Wagner Act, outlawed closed shops, specified unfair labor practices of union; Landrum-Griffen Act (Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act)-bill of rights for union members; regulates internal union affairs Fair Labor Standards Act- Minimum Wage Law, sets min. wage; Civil Rights Act-prevents discrimination on basis of race, color, national origin

Q. Which of the following would be considered an antecedent in the ABC framework used by behavioral scientists? Eating an extra-large container of popcorn at the movies Enjoying the company of others while eating out Sampling most of the items at a restaurant that serves buffet style Watching a TV commercial advertising burgers

Watching a TV commercial advertising burgers Antecedents are events or environments that trigger a specific behavior or response. In this case, watching a TV commercial advertising burgers may trigger an eating behavior. Holli BB, Williams AB. Communication & Education Skills for Dietetics Professionals. 5th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins; 2008:111.

Which of the following women is most at-risk of having a low-birth weight baby? a thirty year-old who smokes a vegetarian in her twenties a 15 year-old with a BMI of 35 a lactose-intolerant nineteen year-old

a 15 year-old with a BMI of 35

Q. The tricarboxylic cycle begins with the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA. oxaloacetate. ATP. hydrogen ions.

acetyl CoA The tricarboxylic cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, uses the two molecules of pyruvic acid formed in glycolysis and yields adenosine triphosphate. Before entering the Krebs cycle, the pyruvic acid molecules are altered. Each of the three carbon pyruvic acid molecules undergoes conversion to a substance called acetyl-CoA. In the process, electrons and a hydrogen ion are transferred to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). The NAD molecule also acquires a hydrogen ion and becomes NADH. At the end of the Krebs cycle, the final product is oxaloacetic acid. This is identical to the oxaloacetic acid that begins the cycle. Whitney EN, Rolfes S. Understanding Nutrition. 13th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage; 2012.

The Dietitian finds that the ice cream freezer is not working and everything inside has melted. She decides to throw it all out and substitute another item for dessert. She is demonstrating what type of leadership? autocratic bureaucratic democratic participatory

autocractic

Hormones that stimulate the breakdown of glycogen to glucose include: a. insulin and glucocorticoids b. glucagon and epinephrine c. growth hormone and vasopressin d. b and c

b. glucagon and epinephrine

Q. The dietetics professional has developed a weight-loss program that includes encouraging participants to reward themselves with treats such as new clothes, going to a movie, or spending more time in a favorite pastime after they have lost 5 pounds. The learning theory being applied is______. behavioral social learning cognitive humanism

behavioral Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior with behavior encompassing both observable activity and internal processes such as thinking, attitudes, and emotions. Holli BB, Williams AB. Communication & Education Skills for Dietetics Professionals. 5th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins; 2008:221.

A patient presents at a doctors office with the following symptoms: weight loss, emotional disturbances, impaired sensory perception, weakness and pain in the limbs, periods of irregular heart rate, and edema. The patient is most likely suffering from __________ and should be treated with _________. scurvy, vitamin C pellagra, niacin berberi, thiamin night blindness, vitamin A

berberi, thiamin

A high intake of this substance interferes with the absorption of iron zinc, and manganese, and can contribute to constipation and renal stone formation: vitamin C vitamin D Calcium sulfer

calcium

Cost-effectiveness analysis is used to: compare two or more alternatives to achieve the same objective evaluate direct, indirect benefits place a dollar amount on the outcome of the procedure calculate a profit margin

compare two or more alternatives to achieve the same objective Cost-effectiveness is a technique that provides a comparison of alternative courses of action in terms of their cost and effectiveness in attaining a specific objective

The management function in which performance is measured and corrective action is taken to ensure the accomplishment of an organizational goal is known as: planning directing controlling Organizing

controlling

Kidneys control PH by: excreting sodium and calcium controlling ratio of H ions to Bicarbonate excretion excreting CO2 and carbonic acid excreting NADPH

controlling ratio of H ions to Bicarbonate excretion

Which piece of foodservice equipment is the least energy efficient? convection oven deck oven steam-jacketed kettle rotary oven

deck oven Deck oven has several deck oven units stacked on top of each other and uses the most energy. Convection ovens have more space and holds two to three times as much food, reducing cooking time and cooking at lower temperatures, thus conserving energy

When switching from a conventional to a convection oven, increase the temperature by 15degrees decrease the temperature by 25 degrees increase the temperature by 12degrees decrease the temperature by 5 degrees

decrease the temperature by 25 degrees

A woman taking oral contraceptives may experience: iron and calcium deficiency decreased vitamin K decreased folate, B6, vitamin C decreased bone growth and malabsorption

decreased folate, B6, vitamin C

Before adding new items to the menu: give samples to a few patients and ask for their comments ask patients in writing if they would likethe new items have your managers decide ones to offer ask for employee comments on new suggestions

give samples to a few patients and ask for their comments

Simple IV solutions provide: electrolytes glucose glucose and electrolytes potassium

glucose and electrolytes

Chromium is most commonly associated with: collagen and wound healing insulin and glucose homesostasis brain & nervous system development its abilities as an antioxidant

insulin and glucose homesostasis

A dietitian who is developing policies and procedures for nourishment distribution and service should first: evaluate the nourishment distribution schedule. note how nourishments are being distributed and served. assign the foodservice supervisor the task of gathering data. review policies and procedures manuals from other institutions.

note how nourishments are being distributed and served.

Recent reports of inappropriate food temperatures have been associated with delayed meal service on patient-care units. A solution to the problem would most likely be developed by a team that includes: nursing and foodservice representatives trayline and food production representatives customers and trayline representatives administrative staff and the foodservice director

nursing and foodservice representatives

Hospitals use formularies to: obtain volume purchasing discounts limit the use of certain products develop process charts organize departments in a concentric pattern

obtain volume purchasing discounts

Q. Refeeding syndrome is characterized by low serum concentrations of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium. sodium, phosphorus, magnesium. sodium, potassium, phosphorus. potassium, magnesium, sodium.

phosphorus, potassium, magnesium. Refeeding syndrome occurs when previously malnourished patients are fed with high carbohydrate loads; the result is a rapid fall in phosphate, magnesium, and potassium, along with an increasing extracellular fluid volume. This leads to a variety of complications, such as cardiac arrhythmia and seizures. Corkins MR, ed. The A.S.P.E.N. Nutrition Support Core Curriculum: A Case Based Approach - The Adult Patient. 2nd ed. Silver Spring, MD: American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition; 2015.

Which of the following kitchen layouts will help prevent other employees from walkingthrough the cook's work area? plan each work center with its own supply storage areas plan work aisles separate from traffic aisles position work centers adjacent to the appropriate point of service design aisles wide enough to accommodate both

plan work aisles separate from traffic aisles

If a client presents symptoms of muscle weakness, cardiac arrhythmia, apnea and nausea, you should look for a deficiency of: sodium calcium potassium iron

potassium

The storeroom employee who receives orders from a purveyor should first check items received against the: invoice. perpetual inventory record. purchase order. purchase requisition.

purchase order

A low tyramine diet modification would avoid which of the following foods? cottage cheese and peaches green beans and boiled potatoes graham crackers and milk salami and gouda cheese

salami and gouda cheese

Q. Freezing is both a simple and successful method of food preservation. To ensure high quality results, it is recommended to keep salt content of prepared foods to a minimum. The reason for this is _____. freezing intensifies flavor and the food will taste saltier when reheated salt accelerates rancidity of fats within the food salt increase the risk for microbial growth when foods are thawed salt accelerates the freezing process and reduces the shelf life of the food

salt accelerates rancidity of fats within the food Adding salt to foods being frozen causes loss of flavor and has the tendency to increase rancidity of any item containing fat.

For a patient with PKU, which meal would not be advised? low-protein spaghetti with tomato scrambled eggs with low-protein toast rice krispies and orange juice jelly sandwich with low-protein bread

scrambled eggs with low-protein toast

A disgruntled employee exhibits loud and disruptive behavior in the kitchen and appears to be out of control, even after the dietitian counseled the employee. The dietitian should: take the employee into the office and discuss the consequences of the behavior return to the office to write a disciplinary sheet for m isconduct send the employee to the break room to calm down send the employee off the premises immediately and alert security

send the employee off the premises immediately and alert security

Cholecystokinin, a hormone secreted during digestion, functions to: inhibit gastric acid secretion increase the rate of gastric emptying stimulate the pancreas to secrete enzymes oppose the action and secretion of gastrin

stimulate the pancreas to secrete enzymes

Energy for exercise during an endurance event comes primarily from which energy system? the ATP-CP system (creatine phosphate system) the lactic acid system (anaerobic) the aerobic system the oxidation of amino acids from muscle breakdown

the aerobic system

Large volume purchasing, centralized production, service areas in separate facilities are features of: the commissary system the ready-prepared system the assemble serve system the conventional system

the commissary system

Which would be the best tool for rating foods in a pediatric hospital? the triangle test paired comparison test the facial hedonic scale the paired preference test

the facial hedonic scale Hedonic scale is used as a ways to measure customer satisfaction and acceptance of the menu a. hedonic scale: foods rated from extremely like to extremely dislike (1) facial scales used with children, or if client speaks another language

Which of the following is a well-written objective: to reduce the occurrence of anemia by 40% in school aged children by 2010 by implementing a school based nutrition education program to improve the overall health status of food stamp recipients through further education to evaluate the success of a weight loss program after 1 year to reduce the prevalence of obesity in teenage girls by 20% through a youth center weight loss and exercise program

to reduce the occurrence of anemia by 40% in school aged children by 2010 by implementing a school based nutrition education program

Which of the following formulas is used to determine a meal equivalent in acommercial operation? average of a prototype meal average dollars spent per patron over a one week period total sales divided by budgeted cost per meal total revenues for a specific period divided by the cost of a prototype meal

total revenues for a specific period divided by the cost of a prototype meal

You dream of opening your own private practice. The first steps to take are: write a mission statement and assess the market write a financial plan and seek investors market your ideas to MDs and assess the acceptance assess the market and rent office space

write a mission statement and assess the market

Q. Freezing foods at _____ is the least damaging to the food's original flavor, nutrient content, and texture compared to most other preservation methods. ≤10°F ≤32°F ≤0°F ≤20°

≤0°F The optimum temperature for freezing foods is 0°F or slightly colder. At temperatures above 0°F, food quality is quickly lost, and flavor and texture are compromised.

Q. How much water needs to be removed from vegetables if dehydration is used as a method of food preservation? ≥ 80% ≥ 85% ≥ 90% ≥ 95%

≥ 95% Dehydrated vegetables have 95% of their water removed and dehydrated fruits have 80% of their water removed. McWilliams M. Foods: Experimental Perspectives. 8th ed. New York City, NY: Pearson; 2016.

Which of the following responses by a counselor indicates "reflection"? ''Yes, you can do that." ''You said, 'You want to lose weight?' " "Explain what you mean by that, please." "I can help you."

''You said, 'You want to lose weight?' "

The estimated ideal body weight for a 40 year old man, 6 feet 2 inches tall, with a large body frame is approximately: 1. 210 lb 2. 200 lb 3. 190 lb 4. 180 lb

1. 210 lb

Question text Norepinephrine and ______________ are principal regulators of BMR. 1. thyroxin 2. insulin 3. glucagon 4. parathyroid

1. thyroxin

Daisy Jones puts out 5 grams of UUN. Plus, there is a constant loss of 4 grams. Intake in 24 hours is 70 grams of protein.Calculate nitrogen status. 1. 1.8 grams 2. 2.2 grams 3. -9 grams 4. 61 grams

2. 2.2 grams

Question text The endogenous supply of cholesterol is synthesized mainly in the: 1. intestine 2. liver 3. adipose tissue 4. skin

2. liver

Which of the following foods had plant sterol or stanol esters? 1. probiotic yogurt 2. margarine spreads 3. fortified juice 4. oatmeal

2. margarine spreads

The fat that does not require micelles or chylomicron formation and can therefore directly enter into portal circulation is: 1. long chain triglycerides (12-24 carbons; meat, fish, veg oils, most common in diet) 2. medium chain triglycerides (6-10 carbons) 3. extra long chain triglycerides 4. fatty acids

2. medium chain triglycerides (6-10 carbons)

An adult client consumed 25 grams of protein and had a total nitrogen loss of 10 grams.The client's nitrogen balance is: 1. positive 2. negative 3. equilibrium 4. balanced

2. negative

Question text Which electrolyte is necessary for absorption, by way of active transport, of glucose and galactose? 1. chloride 2. sodium 3. potassium 4. calcium

2. sodium

Gelatin is the only animal protein that is incomplete. It is lacking which one of the following amino acids? 1. phenylalanine 2. tryptophan 3. histidine 4. tyrosine

2. tryptophan

Q. How many kilocalories per ounce does a standard infant formula provide? 20 22 25 28

20 A standard infant formula contains 20 kcal/oz. Higher-concentrated formulas are appropriate for preterm infants or for those with specific diseases.

Ms. Rogers requires 1500 kcal to maintain her current weight.How many grams of protein does she require to maintain a calorie: N ratio of 150:1? 1. 10 2. 100 3. 62.5 4. 50

3. 62.5

Serotonin, a neurotransmitter, is synthesized from which one of the following amino acids? 1. Lysine 2. Methionine 3. Tryptophan 4. Tyrosine (can be made into neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine; pigment melanin; or into hormone thyroxin-regulates metabolic rate)

3. Tryptophan

The end products of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism are: 1. water, carbon dioxide, pyruvic acid, energy (not pyruvate) 2. ketones, carbon dioxide, water, urea, energy (not normally ketones) 3. carbon dioxide, water, urea, energy 4. glucose, amino acids, fatty acids (end products of digestion, except for glycerol)

3. carbon dioxide, water, urea, energy

The majority of protein digestion takes place in the: 1. oral cavity 2. stomach 3. duodenum 4. jejunum

3. duodenum

What would the usual state of nitrogen balance be for a healthy adult male who weight 70 kg and consumes an average 90 g of protein per day? 1. positive nitrogen balance 2. negative nitrogen balance 3. nitrogen equilibrium 4. none of the above

3. nitrogen equilibrium

Question text Which one of the following is not an insoluble fiber? 1. cellulose 2. hemicellulose 3. pectin 4. lignin

3. pectin

A child has developed skin lesions and growth retardation. Identify the deficiency: 1. palmitic fatty acid (16 carbon, saturated fatty acid, palm oil) 2. stearic fatty acid (18 carbon, saturated fatty acid, animal fat) 3. linolenic fatty acid 4. linoleic fatty acid

4. lionoleic fatty acid

A major site/organ in the body for the metabolic processing of carbohydrates is the: 1. intestine 2. heart 3. adipose/fat tissue 4. liver

4. liver

An amino acid solution providing essential amino acids should generally include the following: 1. methionine, taurine, tryptophan 2. leucine, glutamic acid, serine 3. tyrosine, aspartic acid, alanine 4. lysine, valine, threonine

4. lysine, valine, threonine

Question text Which snack has no cholesterol? 1. 2% low fat milk 2. Chocolate pudding 3. Light yogurt 4. Peanut butter

4. peanut butter

Q. Using the following figures, calculate the break-even point for The Green Café: Fixed costs = $52,000; variable costs = $85,000; total sales = $210,000. A. $86,666.66 B. $113,333.33 C. $130,000.00 D. $473,000.00

A. $86,666.66 Break-even point in sales = Fixed costs/Contribution margin ratio Contribution margin ratio = Contribution margin/Total sales Contribution margin = Total sales - Variable costs To figure out the break-even point in this question: 1. Determine contribution margin $210,000- $85,000= $125,000 2. Determine contribution ratio $125,000/$210,000=.595 Round this figure to .60 3. Determine break-even point $52,000/.60=$86,666.66

Q. Which agency would regulate the manufacture of cream of chicken soup that contained almost no meat? A. Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) B. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) C. US Department of Agriculture (USDA) D. US Public Health Service (USPHS)

A. Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) The FSIS is responsible for the inspection of canned product manufacturing.

Which of the following is a characteristic typically associated with the discussion method of teaching? A.Helps learners master higher-level cognitive objectives B. Appeals to several of the learner's senses simultaneously C. Works well for accomplishing objectives in the psychomotor domain D. Provides the instructor with more control of the teaching--learning situation than most other methods

A. Helps learners master higher-level cognitive objectives The cognitive domain involves knowledge and the development of intellectual skills. This includes the recall or recognition of specific facts, procedural patterns, and concepts that serve in the development of intellectual abilities and skills.

Q. Which flavor enhancer from seaweed might be included in a recipe to provide "umami"? A. Monosodium glutamate B. Magnesium sulfate C. Carrageenan D. Calcium alginate

A. Monosodium glutamate Umami is a savory taste that is enhanced by the addition of monosodium glutamate, which has no distinct flavor of its own.

Q. Anthocyanin in turnips may change to a blue-black or red-brown color if heated excessively in all of the following types of pans except? a. Stainless steel b. Aluminum c. Tin d. Iron

A. Stainless steel Anthocyanin is a water-soluble red to blue pigment. Metals such as cast iron, tin, and sometimes aluminum will turn the anthocyanin pigment to various shades of blue. Therefore, use stainless steel, heat-safe glass, or porcelain for cooking anthocyanin vegetables and fruits and store them in stainless steel or glass containers

Q. Consider the following clinical scenario: Age: 52-year-old male; weight 163 lb; Height: 5'11" BMI: 22.7; Current medications: Metformin 1 g; Saxagliptin 5 mg; Glucotrol XL 10 mg. Laboratory work: Hemoglobin A1c: 13.9%; fasting blood glucose: 356 mg/dl; + glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) auto antibodies test). The referring physician note states: "Patient needs diet instruction." Which of the following is the best action for the RDN to take? A. Educate the patient about low carbohydrate foods to minimize glucose elevations. B. Contact the referring physician to consider insulin therapy. C. Emphasize meal spacing and carbohydrate consistency. D. Negotiate a weight loss of 5% to 7% body weight loss.

B. Contact the referring physician to consider insulin therapy The GAD shows that the patient has type 1 diabetes and will need insulin therapy for glucose control. Options A, C, and D would be appropriate actions for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have insulin resistance. Dietary or nutrition approaches will not fix the glucose problem for this patient

Q. After defining the nutritional problem while conducting a community needs assessment, what is your next step? A. Identify community groups and their leaders. B. Determine the purpose of the needs assessment. C. Collect information on health and nutrition resources available in the community. D. Review available data such as Census records.

B. Determine the purpose of the needs assessment After identifying the problem, the next step is setting the parameters of the assessment, which includes determining the purpose. The actions described in the other options would not be performed this early in the process.

Q. Which statement best describes the "O" component of the FOCUS-PDSA performance improvement model? A. Identify a process to improve B. Develop a team C. Explain the current process D. Recognize sources of variation

B. Develop a team Development and organization of the team are included in O. Identification of the process to be improved is part of F, explanation of the current process is included in C, and recognition of sources of variation is included in U, or understanding the problem.

Q. The Standards of Professional _____ for dietetics professionals describes in general terms a competent level of behavior in the professional role. A. Practice B. Performance C. Preparation D. Proficiency

B. Performance The Standards of Professional Performance describe competency levels of professional behavior by an individual. They specifically describe the performance of dietetics practitioners.

Q. Home canning is a very popular method of food preservation. To ensure safe foods, appropriate canning methods must be used. Which of the following is the safe and recommended method for canning foods above pH 4.5? A. Boiling water canning B. Pressure canning C. Steam canning D. Oven method canning

B. Pressure canning Foods that are low acid (pH of 4.6 or higher) include vegetables, meats, dried beans, and all soups. These will need to be preserved using a pressure canner. High acid foods contain enough acid to have a pH level of 4.6 or lower. These will need to be preserved using a water bath canner.

Q. Which of the following statements best defines the USDA quality grading system? A. All meat and poultry must meet strict quality standards to be sold in the US marketplace. B. Quality grading of meat and poultry is a voluntary process. C. Quality grading and inspection for wholesomeness are both mandatory for meat to enter into the marketplace. D. Quality grading is a free service provided by the USDA.

B. Quality grading of meat and poultry is a voluntary process Inspection for wholesomeness is mandatory and is paid for with public funds. Grading for quality is voluntary, and the service is requested and paid for by meat and poultry producers/processors.

Q. The astringent taste of fruits and vegetables is the result of the following component: A. Anthocyanin B. Tannin C. Carotene D. Monosodium glutamate

B. Tannin Because of its property of naturally occurring in plants, tannin causes the astringent taste in fruits and vegetables. The other options listed provide other properties to foods, such as color and intense enhancement of taste.

Pork must be cooked to an internal temperature of .........., chicken and internal temperature of .......... and ground beef and internal temperature of .......... . A. 160˚F, 165˚F, 145˚F B. 145˚F, 160˚F, 165˚F C. 145˚F, 165˚F, 160˚F D. 165˚F, 145˚F160˚F E. 160˚F, 145˚F, 165˚F

C. 145˚F, 165˚F, 160˚F

Q. In order to be labeled as "pure" vanilla, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires that it A. be certified as an artificial flavor. B. contain the small black flecks from the vanilla pod. C. contain 35% alcohol by volume. D. contain 200 ppm vanillin.

C. Contain 35% alcohol by volume Pure vanilla extract is made by macerating and percolating vanilla beans in a solution of ethyl alcohol and water. The FDA requires that the solution contain a minimum of 35% alcohol and 13.35 oz vanilla bean per gallon.

Q. Which statement best describes the "S" component of the PDSA performance improvement model? A. Determine how changes will be implemented B. Implement the intervention C. Determine the impact of the intervention D. Maintain and continue improvement

C. Determine the impact of the intervention Determination of how changes will be made is part of the P component, implementation of the plan is included in D, and maintaining the improvement is part of A.

Which of the following two ingredients would stabilize an egg white foam? A. Flour, baking soda B. emulsifier, air C. cream of tartar, sugar D. egg yolk, baking powder E. protein, carbon dioxide

C. cream of tartar, sugar

Which pigment does not change color in an acid or an alkaline solution? Anthocyanin Chlorophyll Carotene Flavones

Carotene

Q. What production forecasting method would be used if an assumption was made that actual occurrences follow an identifiable pattern over time? A. Exponential smoothing B. Moving average C. Linear regression D. Both A and B

D. Both A and B According to Gregoire and Spears, "The frequently used time series forecasting model involves the assumption that actual occurrences follow an identifiable pattern over time." Options A and B are examples of times series models.

Q. Which USDA grade of beef is not purchased for general foodservice use? a. Choice b. Select c. Standard d. Commercial

D. Commercial The grades for beef from highest to lowest are prime, choice, select, standard, commercial, utility, cutter, and canner. Commercial, utility, cutter, and canner are not purchased for general foodservice use because of their poor taste quality.

Which of the following is the most tender cut of meat? A. Flank B. chuck C. Brisket D. Loin E. Round

D. Loin

Q. Which statement best describes the "A" component of the PDSA performance improvement model? A. Determine how changes will be implemented B. Implement the intervention C. Determine the impact of the intervention D. Maintain and continue improvement

D. Maintain and continue improvement Maintaining and continuing improvement is included in the A component of the PDSA model. Determination of how changes will be implemented is part of P, implementation of the plan is included in D, and determination of the impact of the plan is included in S.

Q. Which statement best describes the "U" component of the FOCUS-PDSA performance improvement model? A. Identify a process to improve B. Develop a team C. Explain the current process D. Recognize sources of variation

D. Recognize sources of variation Identification of the process needing improvement occurs during the "F" stage of FOCUS-PDSA. Team formation occurs during the "O" stage of FOCUS-PDSA, and explanation of the current process occurs during the "C" stage.

A difference test in which two samples are judged against a control to determine which of the two samples is different from the control is called: Paired Comparison Duo-trio test Triangle test Rank Order test Descriptive test

Due-trio test

A dietitian planning a health promotion program for state employees collaborates with other health professional to assess employee needs. The best information will most likely be gained from employee: Health-risk appraisals Nutrition assessments Medical records Interviews

Health-risk appraisals

All of the following are true about vitamin K except: It plays a role in bone building It activates prothrombin It can only be obtained from food sources All of these are true

It can only be obtained from food sources

Which of the following factors are known to increase the absorption of nonheme iron? phytates tannins MFP (Meat, Fish, Poultry) factor phosphorous

MFP (Meat, Fish, Poultry) factor

Q. Which of the following lunch menus reflect proper menu planning principles? A. Steamed haddock, rice, roasted cauliflower, vanilla frozen yogurt with fresh pineapple B. Baked pork chop, sautéed broccoli, rice pilaf, vanilla frozen yogurt with strawberries C. Grilled chicken breast, mashed potatoes, steamed parsnips, lemon sorbet D. Meatballs, tiny whole potatoes, brussels sprouts, fresh bing cherries

The meal in option "B" (baked pork chop, sauteed broccoli, rice pilaf, vanilla frozen yogurt with strawberries) shows the best use of color in a lunch meal, as well as a variety of flavors, textures, consistency, and food shapes that are balanced. The meal is very colorful and the foods complement each other and employ a variety of cooking methods. The meals in options "A" and "C" are mostly white in color and not as visually appealing. The meal in option "D" has color but all the foods have the same shape (round).

Why do egg whites beat more readily at room temperature? The pH is increased The protein is denatured The surface tension is lower The surface tension is higher

The protein is denatured

When you check for overrun, you are checking: Excess stock in the store room Surplus soap and rinse aids used in the dishmachine The weight of the ice cream Total costs of unexpected meals served

The weight of the ice cream

The transition of heat when cooking with an induction burner can best be described as: Use of electrical magnetic fields to excite the molecules of the metal cooking surface Movement of the heat through direct contact from one object or substance to another Distribution of heat by the movement of liquid or vapor Generation of heat energy by wave action within an object

Use of electrical magnetic fields to excite the molecules of the metal cooking surface

Q. Which grouping of established USDA standards contains the correct relationship? a. Round inspection stamp, wholesomeness, mandatory process b. Grade shield, quality, mandatory process c. Round inspection stamp, quality, voluntary process d. Grade shield, wholesomeness, voluntary process

a. Round inspection stamp, wholesomeness, mandatory process The round federal inspection stamp on meat and poultry means that the food has been inspected for wholesomeness, which is mandatory. The grade shield on meat and poultry provides information about the quality of the product. Grading is voluntary.

Which of the following food choices would be best to recommend to a patient for the promotion of wound healing and increased iron absorption? a. citrus fruits, potatoes, dark green & yellow vegetables b. animal foods, grains, legumes - B vitamins c. vegetable oils, whole grains, green vegetables -vitamin E, vitamin K d. dairy products - calcium and vitamin D

a. citrus fruits, potatoes, dark green & yellow vegetables

Q. Another name for irradiation is _____. a. cold pasteurization b. ohmic heating c. gamma bombarding d. pulsed light

a. cold pasteurization Cold pasteurization is also known as irradiation or irradiation pasteurization.

Identify the vitamin that is a hexose derivative and is closely related to the monossacharides: phenylalanine niacin riboflavin ascorbic acid

ascorbic acid

What substance binds biotin and is found in raw egg whites? iron calcium avidin magnesium

avidin

Q. To lower LDL cholesterol, the Academy's Evidence Analysis Library recommends which level of daily plant sterol consumption? a. 1-2 g/day b. 2-3 g/day c. 4-5 g/day d. 6-7 g/day

b. 2-3 g/day EAL (2008) recommends 2 g to 3 g plant sterol daily to reduce total cholesterol by 4% to 11% and LDL concentration by 7% to 15%.

Q. In the receiving process, what step should be taken first? a. Send items to storage. b. Compare the purchase order and invoice. c. Reject the items. d. Inspect items against the invoice.

b. Compare the purchase order and invoice The first step for receiving is comparing the purchase order to the invoice to make sure the products accepted were, in fact, ordered. The next step is to inspect items against the invoice, accept or reject items, complete receiving records, and then put products into storage.

Q. Which quick-freezing process incorporates very low temperatures with liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide? a. Air blast freezing b. Cryogenic freezing c. Plate or contact freezing d. Immersion freezing

b. Cryogenic freezing Cryogenic freezing requires very low temperatures. Typically, cryogenic freezing relies on the use of liquefied gases such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide. These gases can only exist in a liquid state at extremely cold temperatures, which means that once the gas is in liquid form, it can be used to generate freezing temperatures.

.......... evaluation can be helpful in allowing for revision of plans during the course of education. a. Summative b. Formative c. Formal d. Informal e. Non-verbal

b. Formative

Q. Dry food should be stored between: a. 40°F to 60°F. b. 32°F to 52°F. c. 50°F to 70°F. d. 65°F to 85°F.

c. 50°F to 70°F. Storage temperatures over 70°F may shorten the shelf life and temperatures less than 50°F are not needed since the dry foods are not potentially hazardous.

Q. According to regulations, what is the most caffeine that can be in a 12-oz serving of soda pop? a. 21 mg b. 55 mg c. 71 mg c. 100 mg

c. 71 mg The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates caffeine in soda. A 12-oz can cannot exceed 71 mg caffeine.

Q. Which of the following is an anaerobic bacteria that poses a threat to the safety of home-canned foods? a. Staphylococcus aureus b. Saccharomyces c. Clostridium botulinum d. Aspergillus flavus

c. Clostridium botulinum Clostridium botulinum is an anaerobic bacteria that produces spores that will release a deadly toxin if held in non-acidic anaerobic conditions for long periods of time. The other bacteria listed are aerobic and are not likely to survive the anaerobic conditions of vacuum-sealed canned foods. Saccharomyces is a genus of yeast.

Q. Which fat would be most susceptible to flavor reversion due to oxidative rancidity? a. Butter fat b. Coconut oil c. Soybean oil d. Olive oil

c. Soybean oil Oxidative rancidity is associated with the degradation by oxygen in the air. Oxidation primarily occurs with unsaturated fats. The more saturated fat contained in an oil, the less susceptible it is to rancidity. The greater the amount of unsaturated fat in an oil, the more likely it is to become rancid. Since the healthiest plant oils are all highly unsaturated, they are especially susceptible to rancidity. However, extra virgin olive oil is a little less susceptible to rancidity because a larger amount of its unsaturated fat is monounsaturated. Extra virgin olive is about 75% monounsaturated, which is somewhat unusual for a plant oil. Plant oils usually have more polyunsaturated fat than monounsaturated fat, which is one reason they are particularly susceptible to rancidity. Thus, soybean oil would be more susceptible than olive oil.

Q. Choose the statement that best describes the function of copper. a. It is involved in taste perception. b. It is a component of the thyroid hormone. c. It is necessary for the formation of hemoglobin. d. It enhances insulin activity.

c. it is necessary for the formation of hemoglobin Copper helps the body make hemoglobin; serves as a part of many body enzymes; helps the body develop connective tissue, myelin, and melanin; and helps the body produce energy in the cells.

Two essential nutrients that are involved with blood clotting are: magnesium & vitamin E calcium & vitamin K phosphorus & vitamin K calcium & vitamin E

calcium & vitamin K

Q. An item with less than _____ kcal per serving can be considered "calorie free." a. 45 b. 35 c. 15 d. 5

d. 5 The standard definition for "calorie free" is less than 5 kcal per serving.

Q. Which food is most likely to deteriorate due to hydrolytic rancidity during storage at room temperature? a. Fish oil b. Soybean oil c. Olive oil d. Butter

d. Butter Hydrolytic rancidity occurs when water splits fatty acid chains away from the glycerol backbone in triglycerides (fats). The chemical term is ester hydrolysis. Usually this hydrolysis process goes unnoticed, since most fatty acids are odorless and tasteless. However, when the triglyceride is derived from short-chain fatty acids, the released carboxylic acid can confer strong flavors and odors. A particular problem arises with butter, which contains triglycerides with a high content of butyric acid derivatives and acetic acids.

Q. What is ozone used for in food processing? a. Freezing food. b. Modifying atmospheric packaging. c. Blanching vegetables. d. Disinfecting and sanitizing.

d. Disinfecting and sanitizing Ozone is a safe, powerful disinfectant used by the food industry because of its ability to disinfect microorganisms without adding chemical by-products to the food being treated, to the food processing water, or to the atmosphere in which food is stored.

Q. What is another name for high-pressure processing? a. Ohmic heating b. Irradiation c. Pulsed light d. Pascalization

d. Pascalization Pascalization, or high-pressure processing, is a method of preserving and sterilizing food, in which a product is processed under very high pressure, leading to the inactivation of certain microorganisms and enzymes in the food.

Q. All of the following statements about the intensive behavioral therapy (IBT) benefit for obese Medicare Part B beneficiaries are true, EXCEPT: a. coverage for the benefit is granted only in the primary care setting. b. in order to qualify, the beneficiary's BMI must be >30. c. Continued treatment for obesity is contingent on weight loss assessed after 6 months of treatment. d. RDNs may provide the service and bill Medicare using a unique physician identification number.

d. RDNs may provide the service and bill Medicare using a unique physician identification number. The IBT bill is very clear that the benefit can only be provided by a physician (as of April 2013). It is true that qualifications are specific about BMI and the appropriate setting for receiving this benefit and treatment length is contingent on progress.

Sally noticed after baking an apple pie that the crust was shiny and crumbly. What ingredient was probably not measured properly? a. Egg b. Salt c. Fat d. Sugar e. Baking powder

d. Sugar

Q. Which of the following measures of obesity correlate best with obesity-associated disease risk? a. BMI b. Skinfold thickness c. Abdominal body shape index d. Waist circumference

d. Waist circumference Waist circumference is the best correlate to obesity-associated disease risk.Skinfold thickness accuracy can vary greatly. BMI accuracy decreases with muscle wasting and increases based on muscularity, age, sex, and ethnicity. There is no abdominal body shape index that has been validated.

Q. Which of the following examples of a snack provided at a child care center would meet reimbursement guidelines and comply with USDA regulations for Child and Adult Care Food Program meals? a. Hard boiled egg and water b. Chocolate milk and grapes c. Apple slices and orange wedges d. Whole grain crackers and peanut butter

d. Whole grain crackers and peanut butter The nutritional requirement for snacks is that they must provide a combination of at least two food items from the meat, milk, grains, and fruit/vegetable categories. Furthermore, to be eligible for reimbursement, any milk must be unflavored if provided to children age 1-5 years. The foods listed in choice D represent the only answer where two different groups were combined and meet the reimbursement requirements.

After doing an assessment in an elderly patient you see that he is taking Thiazide. This drug has a food/drug interaction. What foods will you recommend? roast beef, chicken, fish, potatoes butter, cream cheese, ice cream, milk dried fruit, banana, potatoes, cantaloupes whole wheat breads, pasta, banana, potatoes

dried fruit, banana, potatoes, cantaloupes

Cruciferous vegetables are rich in .........., a phytochemical known to detoxify a variety of carcinogens. a. Terpenes b. Carotenoids c. Phenols d. Flavinoids e. Thiols

e. Thiols

The absence of reinforcement following an undesirable behavior is: positive reinforcement punishment extinction avoidance

extinction

What deficiency of nutrients is related to increased levels of serum homocysteine levels? folate, zinc, calcium folate, B12, B6 B12, copper, vitamin D B12, thiamine, vitamin C

folate, B12, B6

The best food combination to obtain folate is: fruit and lima beans lean beef and potatoes chicken and milk fish and eggs kidney beans and fresh green leafy vegetables

kidney beans and fresh green leafy vegetables

What are the two main reasons why inadequate absorption of vitamin B 12 occur? poor intake & lack of intrinsic factor lack of hydrochloric acid and lack of intrinsic factor lack of folate and poor intake poor intake & lack of hydrochloric acid

lack of hydrochloric acid and lack of intrinsic factor

With tocopherol, this mineral functions as an antioxidant to protect cell and organelle membranes. cobalt chromium copper selenium

selenium

As a dietitian working in a long-term care facility, what supplement would you recommend for a patient with pressure sores? vitamin C and vitamin D vitamin B6 and zinc vitamin E and thiamin vitamin C and zinc

vitamin C and zinc