Nervous System
Sally has a brain injury; she knows what she wants to say but can't vocalize the words. The part of her brain that deals with the ability to speak is the ________.
Broca's
What part of the brain stem houses reflex centers for vision and hearing?
corpora quadrigemina
Cerebrospinal fluid circulates through all of the following EXCEPT ________.
corpus callosum
The large fiber tract that allows communication between the two cerebral hemispheres is called the ________.
corpus callosum
What part of a neuron receives signals and sends a message to the cell body?
dendrite
Which one of the following statements about aging is most accurate?
despite some neuronal loss, an unlimited number of neural pathways are available and ready to be developed; therefore, additional learning can occur throughout life
The thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus collectively constitute the ________.
dicephalon (interbrain)
Which of these parts of the brain is correctly matched with its region
halamus; diencephalon
Control of temperature, endocrine activity, metabolism, and thirst are functions associated with the ________.
hypothalamus
One of the last areas of the CNS to mature is the ________, which regulates body temperature.
hypothalamus
When neurotransmitter molecules bind to receptors in the plasma membrane of the receiving neuron,
ion channels in the plasma membrane of the receiving neuron open
The cell bodies of the ________ neurons are always located within the CNS.
motor
What type of fibers is found in the ventral roots of spinal nerves?
motor
Karen, who is in her mid-forties, has been slurring words and has partial loss of vision in her left eye. She is also having coordination problems. Her doctor thinks she has an autoimmune disease that is destroying the myelin sheaths surrounding nerve fibers. The disease Karen has is __________.
multiple sclerosis
A molecule that carries information across a synaptic cleft is a
nerotransmitter
Which of these neuroglial cells forms the myelin sheath in the central nervous system?
oligodendrocytes
The primary somatic sensory cortex is located in the ________ lobe of the cerebrum.
parietal
________ disease results from a degeneration of the dopamine-releasing neurons of the substantia nigra.
parkinsons
The ________ is a connective tissue wrapping around fascicles of neuron fibers.
perineurium
The hypothalamus regulates the ________.
pituitary gland
Each spinal nerve branches into a ventral and dorsal ________.
ramus
Which of the following is the correct sequence in a typical reflex arc?
receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector
A special group of neurons in the brain stem that plays a role in consciousness and the awake/sleep cycles is the ________.
reticular activating system (RAS)
The largest nerve in the body, the sciatic nerve, belongs to the ________ nerve plexus.
sacral
Fibers that carry information from the skin, joints, and skeletal muscles to the central nervous system are ______
somatic sensory
The portion of the diencephalon that acts as a relay station for sensory impulses traveling to the sensory cortex is the ________.
thalamus
If a signal from a sending neuron makes the receiving neuron more negative inside,
the receiving neuron is less likely to generate an action potential
When calcium ions enter the synaptic terminal,
they cause vesicles containing neurotransmitter molecules to fuse to the plasma membrane of the sending neuron
Sympathetic division fibers leave the spinal cord in the ________.
thoracolumbar region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrine
Bundles of nerve fibers (neuron processes) running through the CNS are called ________, whereas in the PNS they are called ________.
tracts; nerves
Myelinated fibers (tracts) form ________ matter while unmyelinated fibers form ________ matter.
white; gray
There are ________ pairs of cranial nerves and ________ pairs of spinal nerves in the peripheral nervous system.
12; 31
The spinal cord terminates around vertebra ________.
L3
________ connect sensory and motor neurons in neural pathways and their cell bodies are typically located in the central nervous system.
association neurons
Which nervous system subdivision is a chain of two motor neurons consisting of a preganglionic neuron and a postganglionic neuron?
automatic
