Network+ Guide to Networks 7th ed. Quiz Ch. 10
A software configuration that can be used to disable STP on specific ports, such as the port leading to the network's demarc. It prevents access to network links that should not be considered when plotting STP paths in a network.
BPDU filter
In CIDR notation, the forward slash plus the number of bits used for the network ID. For example, the CIDR block for 199.34.89.0/22 is /22.
CIDR block
In ___________, a vNIC relies on the host machine to act as a NAT device.
NAT mode
The first iteration of STP was defined in what IEEE standard below?
802.1d
What are some reasons to use VLANs?
1. Efficient use of resources 2. Cost and energy savings 3. Fault and threat isolation 4. Simple backups, recovery, and replication
A network with 6 bits remaining for the host portion will have how many usable hosts?
62
A single switch can manage traffic belonging to several VLANs on a single interface, by configuring the interface as what option below?
A trunk port
A centrally managed DHCP server can provide DHCP to multiple VLANs by configuring a ___________.
DHCP relay agent
Network segmentation decreases both performance and security on a network.
False
Only Class B and Class C networks can be subnetted.
False
Cisco's proprietary standard, similar to VRRP, that assigns a virtual IP address to a group of routers. At first, messages routed to the virtual IP address are handled by the active router. If the active router fails, standby routers stand in line to take over responsibility for the virtual IP address.
HSRP (Hot Standby Routing Protocol)
What type of VLAN automatically receives all untagged frames?
Native VLAN
What protocol is used to provide a common language between virtualized service applications and a network's physical devices?
OpenFlow
To eliminate the possibility of traffic loops on switches and bridges, the ____________ is used.
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
Because Layer 2 switches use MAC addresses for communication, and each port is assigned a MAC address, VLANs are considered a Layer 2 solution for segmenting a network.
True
The Spanning Tree Protocol stipulates that on any bridge, only one root port, which is the bridge's port that is closest to the root bridge, can forward frames toward the root bridge.
True
The use of virtualization allows for isolation of each guest system such that problems on one system do not affect another system.
True
A ___________ occurs when an attacker generates transmissions that appear, to the switch, to belong to a protected VLAN.
VLAN hopping attack
An attack in which the attacker generates transmissions that appear, to the switch, to belong to a protected VLAN.
VLAN hopping attack
A standard that assigns a virtual IP address to a group of routers. At first, messages routed to the virtual IP address are handled by the master router. If the master router fails, backup routers stand in line to take over responsibility for the virtual IP address.
VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol)
What two options below describe a router protocol that is used to assign a virtual IP address to a group of routers so that the routers function as a group?
VRRP, HSRP
In order to allow communication between VLANs for exchange of data, what must be used?
a router
STP selects the root bridge based on what option below?
bridge ID (BID)
Which network type allows a vNIC to access a network directly using the host machine's NIC?
bridged mode
How is centralized management of wireless networks made possible?
centralized management of wireless networks made possible by a lightweight wireless protocol such as Cisco's proprietary lightweight Access Point Protocol (LAPP), which directs all wireless frames to a controller by adding extra headers to the frames.
A switch is typically preconfigured with one __________ that includes all its ports.
default VLAN
Which virtual network type allows VMs to communicate with each other on the same host, but disallows communication with other nodes on the network?
host-only mode
Which of the following is not a valid reason for using virtualization?
increase performance
An untagged VLAN on a switch that will automatically receive all untagged frames. Options for native VLANs vary according to the switch manufacturer and model.
native VLAN
In an IPv6 address, the first 64 bits of the address are known as what?
routing prefix
The virtualization of network services in which a network controller manages these services instead of the services being directly managed by the hardware devices involved.
software defined networking (SDN)
The interface on a switch capable of managing traffic from multiple VLANs. A trunk is a link configured between two switches' trunk ports.
trunk port
A server that exists as a virtual machine, created and managed by virtualization software on a host, or physical, computer.
virtual server
A network with the subnet mask 255.255.255.0 would have what CIDR block?
/24
What two items below make up a Bridge ID?
2 byte priority field, MAC address
Which supernet mask below would allow an organization to cover the following networks with one routing entry: 192.168.0.0/24, 192.168.1.0/24, 192.168.2.0/24, 192.168.3.0/24?
255.255.252.0
A CIDR block of /26 is equivalent to what subnet mask below?
255.255.255.192
What IEEE standard specifies how VLAN information appears in frames and how switches interpret that information?
802.1Q
The Shortest Path Bridging protocol is defined in what IEEE standard?
802.1aq
Which two standards below represent newer versions of STP?
802.1w, 802.1s
How can VLAN hopping attacks be prevented on a network?
Disable auto trunking and move native VLANs to unused VLANs.
Which two options below indicate to other connectivity devices which VLAN a transmission belongs to?
SAID, security association identifier
What two standards below have been developed to replace the Spanning Tree Protocol?
TRILL, SPB
The interface on a switch used for an end node. Devices connected to access ports are unaware of VLAN information.
access port
Telnet and SSH are known as what type of management system?
in-band
The management option that can provide on-site infrastructure access when the network is down or complete remote access in cases of connectivity failures on the network, such as via a cellular signal, is known as?
out-of-band management
With VTP, the VLAN database is stored on a switch known as which option below?
stack master