Nigg

Alleles

different versions of a gene

Genotype

genetic makeup of an organism

Mendelian traits

1 gene=1 trait

pleiotropic genes

1 gene=more than one trait

Diploid cells

A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n), one set inherited from each parent.(46)

dominance

A characteristic in which an allele that expresses its phenotype even in the presence of a recessive allele

Punnett Square

A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross

Haploid

An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes. (23)

Heterozygous

An organism that has two different alleles for a trait

Homozygous

An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait

Phenotype

An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.

somatic cells

Any cells in the body other than reproductive cells

Autosomes

Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome

sex chromosomes

Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual

sex-linked inheritance

Inheritance of a genetic trait located on the sex chromosomes

Heredity

Passing of traits from parents to offspring

Gametes

sex cells

polygenic traits

traits controlled by two or more genes

Recessive traits

traits that typically do not show in a person unless both genes for the trait are inherited