NSC EXAM 3

major function of vitamin A

- reproduction and growth -immune function -cell differentiation

characteristics of the water-soluble vitamins

-Foods that supply the water-soluble vitamins must be consumed frequently. -Easily absorbed and excreted from the body. -Easily lost or destroyed in food preparation and processing.

Functions of Vitamin C

-antioxidant -boosting iron absorption -collagen synthesis

Which of the fat-soluble vitamins works as an antioxidant

Vitamine E

Which statement regarding water-soluble vitamins is FALSE?

Water-soluble vitamins are easily absorbed and stored in the liver

If you eat a food that contains a large dose of thiamin and riboflavin, what will most likely happen to the thiamin and riboflavin?

They will be excreted if not used on the day they are absorbed.

Which specific B vitamin is critical for energy metabolism and nerve cell membranes? Deficiency in this vitamin leads to Beriberi.

Thiamin

Not a characteristic of a fat soluble vitamin

Toxicities are unlikely, even when taking supplements.

While reading the labels of five vitamin supplements you see one of the words, phrases, or symbols listed below each label. Which vitamin supplement is the best choice for you?

USP

Which of the following statements is true of riboflavin?

Ultraviolet light and irradiation destroy riboflavin.

fat-soluble vitamins that act like hormones.

Vitamin A , D

An uninformed strict vegetarian is at a special risk of developing a _____ deficiency.

Vitamin B12

Which of the fat-soluble vitamins were originally named tocopherol?

Vitamin E

Which of the following is LEAST likely to contribute to cases of rickets in the United States?

increased physical activity in organized sports

compounds that when consumed are converted into active vitamins are......also called provitamins

precursors

The main reason for fortifying grain products with folic acid is to

reduce the incidence of birth defects called neural tube defects in infants

What is the active form of vitamin A? It is made from beta-carotene and is stored in specialized liver cells in animals and humans.

retinol

Which deficiency disease is attributed to a lack of vitamin C?

scurvy

The best way to select foods that are rich in vitamins is to:

select a wide variety of whole foods to get a balance of vitamins

should increase their intake of vitamin C because they typically have low vitamin C blood concentrations.

smokers

hich individual has a valid reason to take a vitamin/mineral supplement?

someone who doesn't eat veggies

good food sources of vitamin D

-fortified milk -salmon -tuna

The following steps will help prevent vitamin losses

-store milk in an opaque container - refrigerate most fruits and veggies - wash intact fruit and veggies before cutting

Which vitamin supplement is known to cause malformations of a fetus?

. vitamin A

An estimated 5 million of the world's children, ages 3-5 years old, suffer from signs of vitamin _____ deficiency resulting in night blindness, diarrhea, and loss of appetite.

A

Deficiencies in __________ can result in anemia, reduced immunity, and abnormal digestive function. This vitamin is a coenzyme important in synthesizing new cells.

Folate

B vitamin is critical for cell replication and proper nerve functioning

B12

water-soluble vitamins

Bs, C vitamins

The nutrient needed for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins is___

Fat

Which of the following statements is correct?

Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver and fatty tissues until the body requires them.

All the following are characteristics of the water-soluble vitamins EXCEPT which one

Overconsumption of food sources should be monitored because the vitamins can accumulate leading to toxicity

Which of the following is true regarding vitamin C?

Research has shown there is no significant relationship between vitamin C supplementation and cold prevention.

What can you determine from the Nutrition Facts label about the vitamin D content of this cereal?

When combined with milk, this cereal is an excellent source of vitamin D.

A woman has vitamin A deficiency. Which of the following diseases is she likely to suffer from?

Xerophthalmia

The role of many vitamins is to help make possible the processes by which other nutrients are digested and _______

absorbed

Vitamin C is also known as:

ascorbic acid

The plant-derived precursor to vitamin A is

beta-carotene

By definition, a vitamin is all of the following except:

caloric nutrient

The B vitamins act as parts of:

coenzymes

main function of vitamin K

help blood to clot

Which characteristic is LEAST likely to apply to a fat-soluble vitamin?

easily absorbed and excreted in urine

A woman who is on a low-carbohydrate diet for weight loss may have difficulty maintaining an adequate level of the B vitamins thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folate. What characteristic of her diet would cause this?

exclusion of grains and cereals

Some of the vitamins are_____ such as vitamin A, D, E, and K. Other vitamins are______and easily travel through the blood stream.

fat soluble, water soluble

To make new cells, tissues must have which vitamin?

folate

Current recommendations for fruit and vegetable intakes are for us to consume a variety from each category on a daily basis. What are the two vitamins that are abundant in leafy greens and citrus fruits, as well as other fruits and vegetables?

folate and vitamin C

nonfood source that can produce vitamin K making a deficiency in humans unlikely.

intestinal bacteria

a water-soluble vitamin, have been prescribed to help improve blood lipids associated with cardiovascular disease.

large doses of niacin

Choose the situation that decreases the body's ability to make vitamin D.

living in the northern United States

The adult Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for vitamin C

men: 90mg woman: 75 mg

Which of the following foods is not a source of vitamin C?

milk -foods that are: citrus foods, broccoli, strawberries, green peppers

Which of the following is NOT a major function of vitamin A?

muscle contraction and nerve transmission

A vitamin is defined as an essential, non-caloric, organic nutrient needed in_____amounts in the diet.

tiny

What is the primary food source of vitamin E for Americans?

vegetable oils

Thiamin is also known as:

vitamin B1

A woman following a vegan diet has become pregnant. She most likely requires _____ supplements.

vitamin D and vitamin B12

Helps cells multiply

vitamin b12 & folate

Fat soluble vitamins

vitamins that can be stored in fatty tissue of the body -vitamins: A, D, E, K