NSC EXAM 3
major function of vitamin A
- reproduction and growth -immune function -cell differentiation
characteristics of the water-soluble vitamins
-Foods that supply the water-soluble vitamins must be consumed frequently. -Easily absorbed and excreted from the body. -Easily lost or destroyed in food preparation and processing.
Functions of Vitamin C
-antioxidant -boosting iron absorption -collagen synthesis
Which of the fat-soluble vitamins works as an antioxidant
Vitamine E
Which statement regarding water-soluble vitamins is FALSE?
Water-soluble vitamins are easily absorbed and stored in the liver
If you eat a food that contains a large dose of thiamin and riboflavin, what will most likely happen to the thiamin and riboflavin?
They will be excreted if not used on the day they are absorbed.
Which specific B vitamin is critical for energy metabolism and nerve cell membranes? Deficiency in this vitamin leads to Beriberi.
Thiamin
Not a characteristic of a fat soluble vitamin
Toxicities are unlikely, even when taking supplements.
While reading the labels of five vitamin supplements you see one of the words, phrases, or symbols listed below each label. Which vitamin supplement is the best choice for you?
USP
Which of the following statements is true of riboflavin?
Ultraviolet light and irradiation destroy riboflavin.
fat-soluble vitamins that act like hormones.
Vitamin A , D
An uninformed strict vegetarian is at a special risk of developing a _____ deficiency.
Vitamin B12
Which of the fat-soluble vitamins were originally named tocopherol?
Vitamin E
Which of the following is LEAST likely to contribute to cases of rickets in the United States?
increased physical activity in organized sports
compounds that when consumed are converted into active vitamins are......also called provitamins
precursors
The main reason for fortifying grain products with folic acid is to
reduce the incidence of birth defects called neural tube defects in infants
What is the active form of vitamin A? It is made from beta-carotene and is stored in specialized liver cells in animals and humans.
retinol
Which deficiency disease is attributed to a lack of vitamin C?
scurvy
The best way to select foods that are rich in vitamins is to:
select a wide variety of whole foods to get a balance of vitamins
should increase their intake of vitamin C because they typically have low vitamin C blood concentrations.
smokers
hich individual has a valid reason to take a vitamin/mineral supplement?
someone who doesn't eat veggies
good food sources of vitamin D
-fortified milk -salmon -tuna
The following steps will help prevent vitamin losses
-store milk in an opaque container - refrigerate most fruits and veggies - wash intact fruit and veggies before cutting
Which vitamin supplement is known to cause malformations of a fetus?
. vitamin A
An estimated 5 million of the world's children, ages 3-5 years old, suffer from signs of vitamin _____ deficiency resulting in night blindness, diarrhea, and loss of appetite.
A
Deficiencies in __________ can result in anemia, reduced immunity, and abnormal digestive function. This vitamin is a coenzyme important in synthesizing new cells.
Folate
B vitamin is critical for cell replication and proper nerve functioning
B12
water-soluble vitamins
Bs, C vitamins
The nutrient needed for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins is___
Fat
Which of the following statements is correct?
Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver and fatty tissues until the body requires them.
All the following are characteristics of the water-soluble vitamins EXCEPT which one
Overconsumption of food sources should be monitored because the vitamins can accumulate leading to toxicity
Which of the following is true regarding vitamin C?
Research has shown there is no significant relationship between vitamin C supplementation and cold prevention.
What can you determine from the Nutrition Facts label about the vitamin D content of this cereal?
When combined with milk, this cereal is an excellent source of vitamin D.
A woman has vitamin A deficiency. Which of the following diseases is she likely to suffer from?
Xerophthalmia
The role of many vitamins is to help make possible the processes by which other nutrients are digested and _______
absorbed
Vitamin C is also known as:
ascorbic acid
The plant-derived precursor to vitamin A is
beta-carotene
By definition, a vitamin is all of the following except:
caloric nutrient
The B vitamins act as parts of:
coenzymes
main function of vitamin K
help blood to clot
Which characteristic is LEAST likely to apply to a fat-soluble vitamin?
easily absorbed and excreted in urine
A woman who is on a low-carbohydrate diet for weight loss may have difficulty maintaining an adequate level of the B vitamins thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folate. What characteristic of her diet would cause this?
exclusion of grains and cereals
Some of the vitamins are_____ such as vitamin A, D, E, and K. Other vitamins are______and easily travel through the blood stream.
fat soluble, water soluble
To make new cells, tissues must have which vitamin?
folate
Current recommendations for fruit and vegetable intakes are for us to consume a variety from each category on a daily basis. What are the two vitamins that are abundant in leafy greens and citrus fruits, as well as other fruits and vegetables?
folate and vitamin C
nonfood source that can produce vitamin K making a deficiency in humans unlikely.
intestinal bacteria
a water-soluble vitamin, have been prescribed to help improve blood lipids associated with cardiovascular disease.
large doses of niacin
Choose the situation that decreases the body's ability to make vitamin D.
living in the northern United States
The adult Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for vitamin C
men: 90mg woman: 75 mg
Which of the following foods is not a source of vitamin C?
milk -foods that are: citrus foods, broccoli, strawberries, green peppers
Which of the following is NOT a major function of vitamin A?
muscle contraction and nerve transmission
A vitamin is defined as an essential, non-caloric, organic nutrient needed in_____amounts in the diet.
tiny
What is the primary food source of vitamin E for Americans?
vegetable oils
Thiamin is also known as:
vitamin B1
A woman following a vegan diet has become pregnant. She most likely requires _____ supplements.
vitamin D and vitamin B12
Helps cells multiply
vitamin b12 & folate
Fat soluble vitamins
vitamins that can be stored in fatty tissue of the body -vitamins: A, D, E, K