NUR 322 exam 1
What would a nurse do to become involved in a political action?
- become a member of the state nurses association - be friendly with everyone, whether they are supportive or not
How are ethics and public policies similar?
Both strive for the public good.
What is an example of a public health ethical issue?
COVID 19
A community citizen reports to the public health nurse that the city water in one neighborhood has had an unusual taste for the past few months. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Check the most recent consumer confidence report. b. Consult the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention c. Notify the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). d. Place a call to the poison control center.
a
A nurse is caring for a client of another culture. Which of the following actions would be the most appropriate for the nurse to take? a. Alter personal nonverbal behaviors to reflect the cultural norms of the client. b. Keep all behaviors culturally neutral to avoid misinterpretation. c. Rely on friendly gestures to communicate caring for the client. d. Avoid any pretense of prejudice by treating the client in the same way as any other client.
a
In which way is public health nursing different from community health nursing? a. Public health nursing focuses on a population. b. Public health nursing focuses on health promotion. c. Public health nursing is part of a primary health care delivery system. d. Public health nursing requires nurses to hold a graduate degree.
a
The ethical question, "Are persons assigned to develop community knowledge adequately prepared to collect data on groups and populations?", is based on an ethical tenet that supports the community-oriented core function of: a. Assessment b. Assurance c. Policy development d. Compliance
a
The nurse learns that a family has declined an elective medical intervention for a health care problem because paying for the care would drastically reduce the family's resources and ability to meet the needs of other family members. Ethically, which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse? a. Appreciate that the family has made the decision that it feels is best and take no further action if it is clear the family has made an informed choice b. Stress that each individual in society has a right to health care and the family will have to create some way to raise funds for the needed treatment. c. Talk to the media to see whether a campaign to raise funds for the family can be created. d. Try to convince the agency to give the care for free, even if it means economic stress for the agency, because the medical need is obvious.
a
Which action would the nurse take to comply with the ethic of nonmaleficence in the health care setting? a. Focus on doing no harm. b. Keep promises made to clients. c. Respect the autonomy of clients. d. Keep the best interests of the client in mind.
a
Which action would the nurse take when implementing a tertiary preventive program. for cognitively challenged children? a. Teach children how to feed themselves. b. Encourage the use of birth control by women. c. Refer children for evaluation if they fail to meet developmental milestones. d. Use the Denver Developmental Screening Test to evaluate children attending well-child clinics.
a
Which intervention would reflect an organizational-level approach to help prevent development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? a. Collaborate with local employers to develop smoke and tobacco free workplaces. b. Support local advertisement of free quit lines and access to free nicotine replacement therapies. c. Advocate to local and state policymakers to increase restrictions on the sale of tobacco products. d. Create a local coalition of relevant organizations and other community entities to support a smoke free community.
a
Which statement describes case management? a. Focuses on improving care coordination and reducing service fragmentation for individuals and families b. Works with providers and consumers to support self-care, shared decision making, and knowledgeable use of medicines c. Promotes optimal use of services including appropriate use of services for in both acute care and community-based settings d. Includes population level wellness, health promotion, and illness prevention through care coordination and community engagement
a
Which statement would be appropriate to include in a lecture for nursing students related to ethics and legal principles? a. Beneficence emphasizes promoting good, actively seeking benefit, and ensuring the client's well-being. b. After the nurse has delegated a task or activity, the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) is accountable for the task or activity. c. Social justice is an obligation to protect a client as an advocate when a client is not capable of self-determination. d. There is a universal list that all states use that describes tasks that can be safely delegated and assigned to nursing team members.
a
Which strategy would the nurse include to support primary prevention efforts in the community related to mental health? a. Offer stress management skills training at local worksites. b. Perform routine screening for mental health issues at local community sites. c. Provide education to local school counselors to recognize early signs of mental illness. d. Develop a transitional care model to support transitions between mental health inpatient settings and the community.
a
What type of client would most likely receive case management?
a person with a high cost chronic disease
Which information is correct regarding the similarities and differences between the deontological and utilitarianism system of ethics? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. The difference between utilitarianism and deontology is the focus on outcomes. b. Utilitarianism takes into consideration the usefulness of an action; deontology does not look into consequences. c. Utilitarianism measures the effect that an act will have; deontology looks to the presence of principles regardless of the outcome. d. Utilitarianism and deontology are closely related to the ethics of care because both ideologies promote a philosophy that focuses on understanding relationships. e. Both utilitarianism and deontology look into the nature of relationships and propose that the natural urge to be influenced by relationships is a positive value.
a,b,c
The public health nurse is developing a program geared toward primary prevention of domestic violence. Which information would the nurse include in the program for those at high risk? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. Coping skills b. Social support c. Care for victims d. Stress reduction e. Screening programs
a,b,d
Which activities reflect secondary prevention interventions in relation to health promotion? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. Encouraging regular dental checkups b. Facilitating smoking cessation programs c. Administering influenza vaccines to older adults d. Teaching the procedure for breast self-examination e. Referring clients with a chronic illness to a support group
a,d
Which statements by the student nurse indicate an understanding of caring for clients of various cultures? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. "The focus is on understanding the traditions, beliefs, and values of the client's culture." b. "Care would be provided strictly on the basis of the traditions, beliefs, and values of the client's community," c. "Generalized education and information would be provided to clients belonging to a different community." d. "The cultural background of the client has no effect on health, wellness, and illness." e. "I will be aware of my own cultural background and beliefs when attending to clients who belong to different cultures."
a,e
What assessment would you use to dermic whether participants of an educational program felt the stated objectives were met?
attitude survey
A nurse is assessing potential environmental health risks in the community. Which of the following would be the first step that the nurse should take? a. Conduct health risk assessments of randomly selected individuals. b. Perform a windshield survey. c. Review facility permits and consumer confidence reports. d. Survey community members.
b
A nurse wishes to develop cultural competence. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Complete a survey of all the various ethnicities represented in the nurse's community. b. Consider how the nurse's own personal beliefs and decisions are reflective of his or her culture. c. Invite a family from another culture to join the nurse for an event. d. Study the beliefs and traditions of persons living in other cultures.
b
Which activity by the community nurse is an illness prevention strategy? a. Encouraging the client to exercise daily b. Arranging an immunization program for chickenpox c. Teaching the community about stress management d. Teaching the client about maintaining a nutritious diet
b
Which goal is the main focus of community health nursing? a. To meet the acute care needs of a population b. To improve the quality of health in a population c. To influence political processes affecting public policies d. To assess the health care needs of an individual or family
b
Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention measure in public health? A. Administering antibiotics to treat an infection B. Providing education about healthy lifestyle choices C. Administering chemotherapy to treat cancer D. Providing palliative care to relieve symptoms of a terminal illness
b
Which of the following is an example of primary prevention in public health? A. Screening for colorectal cancer in individuals with a family history of the disease b. Providing vaccinations to children against infectious diseases c. Administering antibiotics with bacterial infections d. Treating hypertension in patients with diabetes
b
Which statement accurately describes primary prevention? a. Directed at rehabilitation rather than treatment b. Applied to clients who are physically and emotionally healthy c. Includes screening techniques and the treatment of the early stages of a disease d. Focuses on individuals who are ill and have a possibility for developing complications
b
Which services do community health centers provide in preventive and primary care services? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. Daycare b. Health screenings c. Physical assessments d. Disease management e. Acute and chronic care management
b,c,d
Which agencies have the power to implement Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. Institute of Medicine (IOM) b. The Joint Commission (JC) c. National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) d. Community Health Accreditation Program (CHAP) e. Accreditation Commission for Health Care (ACHC) f. The National Database for Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQ!)
b,c,d,e
Which descriptions are characteristics of the secondary level of prevention? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. Activities are aimed at health promotion b. Focuses on individuals with health problems and illnesses c. Activities are directed at diagnosis and prompt interventions d. Helps in minimizing the effects of long-term disease and disability e. Includes screening techniques and treating diseases at early stages
b,c,e
A nurse wants to help keep the community environment safe. Which of the following is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take? a. Conserve water by bathing less often. b. Downsize to a smaller living space c. Reduce, reuse, and recycle. d. Replace all his or her appliances with new energy-efficient ones.
c
Two clients in the same medical facility receive differing levels of care due to the lack of financial resources of the family of one of the clients. The nurse in charge tries to resolve the ethical dilemma at hand. The nurse collects all relevant information regarding the problem from multiple sources. Which action would the nurse take next? a. Verbalize the issue by agreeing to a clear statement of the problem at hand. b. Analyze the situation at hand to determine whether it is an ethical dilemma. c. Examine own values regarding the issue at hand based on the information obtained. d. Negotiate the outcome of the possible course of action through proper group discussions.
c
Which ethical principles govern the nurse's behavior when making difficult decisions about a client's care at the point of care? a. Bioethics b. Metaethics c. Clinical ethics d. Research ethics
c
Which model of ethics considers broad social issues and involves accountability of the overall institution? a. Autonomy model b. Paternalistic model c. Social justice model d. Patient-benefit model
c
Which point about community health nursing made by the student nurse needs correction? a. "The focus is on preserving, protecting, promoting, or maintaining health." b. "The emphasis is to improve the quality of health and life within that community." c. "Community health nursing does not provide direct or indirect care services to subpopulations in a community." d. "Community health nursing can be described as nursing practice in the community, with the primary focus being the health care of individuals, families, and groups in that community."
c
Which point regarding ethics and values requires further education? a. The nurse's point of view offers a unique voice in the resolution of ethical dilemmas. b. Professional nursing promotes accountability, responsibility, advocacy, and confidentiality. c. The American Nurses Association (ANA) code of ethics ensures that the code remains constant. d. Standards ethics in health care consist of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, and fidelity.
c
Which role is the nurse expected to have in a community-based nursing practice if there is a sudden spread of malaria? a. Educator b. Collaborator c. Epidemiologist d. Client advocate
c
Which step would a nurse new to a population health role in a local community take initially when using a community-oriented primary health care approach (COPHC) to design and deliver health services? a. Define and characterize the community. b. Identify and prioritize community health needs. c. Establish rapport and trust with the local population. d. Meet with local health providers to determine common problems/health needs.
c
A public health nurse is assisting the community in dealing with the effects of lead paint poisoning. Which of the following activities would the nurse most likely complete? (Select all that apply.) a. Administering medications to those with signs of lead poisoning b. Assessing community members for any health problems c. Setting up a blood screening program with the local health department d. Encouraging local landlords to improve the condition of their housing e. Educating the public on the dangers of lead paint
c,d
A community-based HIV/AIDS clinic would be concerned about which aspects of the Public Health Code of Ethics? (Select all that apply.) a. autonomy of the professional b. funding c. confidentiality when possible d. respecting only community rights e. promoting advocacy for disenfranchised persons
c,e
Who gives the federal government the power to promote the general welfare?
constitution
A low-vision client with very early dementia takes pride in her independence. The client, who lives alone in an apartment, tells her nurse she has always enjoyed using scented candles. Which is the most appropriate intervention for the nurse? a. Leave the matches and candles accessible to the client. b. Maintain the client's dignity by stating that she is capable of using them for now. c. Counsel the client of the dangers of her using candles and matches. d. Collaborates with the client to give the candles and matches to a family member who brings them during visits.
d
The nurse is caring for a child whose parents refuse a life-saving surgery for the child, stating that surgeries are against their belief system. Which step would the nurse take first to resolve this ethical dilemma? a. Evaluate the outcome of the plan of action over time. b. Verbalize the problem and agree to a statement as a group. c. Examine the nurse's own values critically to formulate an opinion about the issue. d. Obtain information from the child, the parents, health care workers, and other sources.
d
The nurse providing primary preventive care at a community health care center focuses on which type of activity? a. Rehabilitating the client b. Treating early stages of disease c. Preventing complications from illness d. Promoting health in healthy individuals
d
Which of the following is a primary prevention strategy for reducing the incidence of depression in a community? A. Screen high-risk individuals for depression and provide them with treatment B. Train community leaders to identify and refer individuals with depression to mental health services C. Increase public awareness of depression and its impact on health through a media campaign D. Implement workplace programs that promote healthy lifestyles and provide stress-management techniques
d
Which scenario is an example of secondary prevention? a. 'A young couple should receive education regarding sex and sexually transmitted infections." b. "A dietician and the nurse can collaborate to help prepare a nutritional plan for a healthy client." c. "The nurse arranges for a client's rehabilitation to help in gaining maximum limb function after amputation." d. "Every client is screened once the nurse suspects a chicken pox outbreak in the health care facility."
d
In which activity would the nurse engage when providing tertiary care at a rehabilitation center? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. Giving influenza vaccines b. Attending to clients' personal hygiene c. Performing examinations to prevent diseases d. Providing work therapy for hospitalized clients e. Making provisions to help clients maximize their capabilities
d,e
Which service provided by the public health nurse through the local health department would support primary prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. Ensure access to confidential screening for HIV. b. Assist clients with gaining access to anti-retroviral therapy (ART). c. Increase awareness of voluntary counseling and testing for HIV. d. Provide information about safe-sex practices through local venues. e. Support community level initiatives to impact traditions, norms, and beliefs regarding sexuality.
d,e
What is the most important goal in nursing today?
demonstrates caring as basis of nursing practice
Sheppard-Towner Act
established programs for provision of health services for women and children
Why would someone not want to tell a nurse they are taking herbal supplements?
fear of disapproval
Who pays for the largest amount of health care in the United States today?
federal and state government
What is the most important factor that affects health?
lifestyle choices
What is the priority of a nurse advocate?
promote clients rights and self determination
Which of the following is the dominant issue in ethical debate around an issue such as continuing or withdrawing treatment in acute health care?
upholding ethical principles