Nur324 Cardiovascular

1000cc equals ____ lbs

2.2

What is the normal range for ejection fraction?

55-70%

white coat hypertension

A phenomenon in which patients exhibit elevated blood pressure in the hospital or doctor's office but not in their everyday lives.

The nurse on a medical unit is caring for a client with heart failure. The client suddenly develops extreme dyspnea, tachycardia, and lung crackles. The nurse immediately asks another nurse to contact the provider and prepares to implement which priority interventions? Select all that apply Administer oxygen Insert an indwelling urinary catheter Administer furosemide IV Administer morphine sulfate IV Transport the client to the ICU Place the client in a side-lying position

Administer oxygen Insert an indwelling urinary catheter Administer furosemide IV Administer morphine sulfate IV

Which is the best action for the nurse to take when a client with hypertension tells the nurse, "I took the blood pressure pills for a few weeks, but I didn't feel any different, so I decided I'd only take them when I feel sick"? Educate the client about the complications associated with high blood pressure Ask the client questions to determine the current understanding of high blood pressure Emphasize the importance of taking blood pressure medications now to continue to feel well Show the client the current blood pressure and compare that with normal blood pressure levels

Ask the client questions to determine the current understanding of high blood pressure

A client has been treated with a diuretic for fluid overload and shortness of breath. After voiding 960 mL clear yellow urine over an hour, the client says she feels funny. What should the nurse do next? Reassess oxygen saturation reading Administer an additional dose of the diuretic Assess the blood pressure Obtain a serum potassium level

Assess the blood pressure

What labs are we watching in a patient with heart failure?

BNP, BUN, creatinine, potassium

Which laboratory result will be important for the nurse to review when a client is admitted to the hospital with a long history of uncontrolled hypertension? Blood glucose level White blood cell count (WBC) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) Lactic dehydrogenase

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

oliguria

Decreased urine output

Which topics would the nurse include in teaching a client with a new diagnosis of hypertension? Select all that apply Reason for daily low dose aspirin use Use of a home blood pressure monitor Adverse effects of tobacco on blood pressure Avoidance of any alcohol consumption Benefits of moderate daily exercise

Use of a home blood pressure monitor Adverse effects of tobacco on blood pressure Benefits of moderate daily exercise

anuria

absence of urine

BNP stands for

brain natriuretic peptide

The nurse is administering medications on a medical-surgical unit. A client is ordered to receive 10 mg oral atenolol for the treatment of hypertension. Before administering the medication, the nurse should weigh the client. check the client's serum K level. check the client's heart rate. check the client's urine output.

check the client's heart rate.

masked hypertension

condition in which individuals exhibit elevated BP readings outside the physician's office but have normal BP values in the office

What kind of lung sound will be heard with pulmonary edema?

crackles

Why would decreased urine output be observed in someone with heart failure?

damage to the kidneys

Damage to the kidneys would result in

decreased urine output

What are the top two side effects to look out for when a patient is on loop diuretics?

dehydration, low potassium

_______ heart failure is marked by pulmonary congestion, pulmonary hypertension, ventricular hypertrophy, and normal EF

diastolic

What are the 2 types of hypertension?

essential/primary, secondary

Hepatomegaly is when

fluid accumulates in the liver

What is the #1 symptom of hypertension?

headache, especially in the morning

What does digoxin do?

improves cardiac contractility of the heart

Which organ is the first to take the hit when there is decreased blood perfusion?

kidney

When is BNP released into circulation?

left ventricle is distended and stretched due to CHF exacerbation

What is the kind of medication given to someone with fluid retention?

loop diuretic

What kind of diuretics is used first in heart failure?

loop diuretics

Why would you insert an indwelling catheter in a patient with heart failure who suddenly develops extreme dyspnea, tachycardia, and lung crackles?

need strict and accurate I+O monitoring

pulmonary edema vs pleural effusion

pulmonary edema- fluid is located inside the lungs pleural effusion- fluid is in the pleural space

signs of left ventricular failure are evident in which system?

pulmonary system

________ hypertension is caused by another disease or medications

secondary

Why would you administer morphine sulfate to a client with heart failure who suddenly develops extreme dyspnea, tachycardia, and lung crackles?

slows down respirations, decrease shortness of breath, vasodilates blood vessels to heart doesn't work so hard

signs of right ventricular failure are evident in the _____ ______

systemic circulation?

______ heart failure is marked by a decreased LV EF

systolic

What changes in vital signs would you anticipate in someone with heart failure?

tachycardia, hypertension, decreased O2 sat, increased RR

The nurse understands that an overall goal of hypertension management is that: the client maintains a normal blood pressure reading. there is no report of postural hypotension. there are no reports of sexual dysfunction. there is no indication of target organ damage.

there is no indication of target organ damage.

What kind of diuretic retains potassium?

thiazide diuretic

What kind of diuretics is used first in hypertension?

thiazide diuretic

Name of the procedure that aspirates fluid in pleural effusion

thoracentesis

Would the pulse be stronger or weaker in a patient with heart failure?

weaker

What should someone with heart failure track everyday?

weight