The Unfinished Nation Chapter 7

Although the majority of delegates to the ____ ___ on December 15,1814, did not support secession, their report reasserted the right of nullification.

Hartford Convention

The Shawnee chief _____ set out to unite the Indians of the Mississippi Valley.

Tecumseh

Burr's actions in the West and their outcome illustrated

The vulnerability of a vast nation with a weak central government and ambitious politicians

The first widely known American fiction author was ___ ____, creator of Ichabod Crane and Rip Van Winkle.

Washington Irving

Veteran Indian fighter ____ ____ ____ became the principal US figure in the Indian conflicts of the Northwest during the early 1800s.

William Henry Harrison

Which region of the United States suffered most from the effects of the Embargo?

the Northeast

What branch of government's power vastly increased as a result of Marbury vs. Madison?

the Supreme Court

What attracted blacks to the Great Awakening's message?

the idea of egalitarian personal salvation regardless of station or ethnicity

Early in the nineteenth century, religious traditionalists were alarmed over

the rise of "rational" religious doctrines.

Which of the following statements about the impact of the cotton gin are correct?

1. By speeding up the cleaning process, the gin made cotton profitable, and total cotton production increased eightfold within a decade. 2. The large supply of cotton, made possible in part by the gin, influenced the development of an American textile industry in the North.

Which of the following statements about the Second Great Awakening are correct?

1. Fervent devotion to God and rejection of skeptical nationalism were among its teachings. 2. It taught that people needed to bring Christ and God back into their daily lives. 3. It encouraged a more active form of piety.

American inventor ____ ____ revolutionized weapons manufacturing by devising a machine to make each part of a gun according to an exact pattern.

Eli Whitney

In an effort to prevent international conflict on the high seas, a drastic measure known as the ____ prohibited American ships from leaving the United States for any foreign port.

Embargo

Which of the following statements about William Marbury are correct?

1. His commission had not been delivered to him before Adams left office, and James Madison refused to give it to him. 2. He had been named a justice of the peace in the District of Columbia in the "Midnight appointments" of 1801.

Which of the following accurately describe the changed character of American horse racing in the late nineteenth century?

1. Hope of winning money drew most fans 2. Formalized betting introduced 3. An increasingly working class and lower middle class audience 4. Black jockeys became rare

Which power did Native Americans in the Northwest look to for assistance in response to Jefferson's assimilation policy?

England

Though he served as vice president in Jefferson's first administration, ___ ____ became an outlaw and was accused of trying to create a western empire under his rule.

Aaron Burr

Andrew Jackson secured his reputation during the War of 1812 by leading American military expeditions into which region?

Florida

During the War of 1812, which American fort fell to an Indian assault?

Fort Dearborn

The official who failed to deliver Marbury's commission in the final hours of the Adams administration was ___ ___.

John Marshal

How did the British initially respond to the War of 1812?

They ignored it, focusing on developments in Europe.

Which of the following describe the consequences of the War of 1812?

War of 1812 - the Federalist dream of seccesion was rekindled while the war was in progress - Native Americans suffered a disautrous blow to their capacity to resist while expansion - The British were now gone from the northwest

In the Republican vision of America, education was essential because

an ignorant electorate could not be trusted to preserve democracy.

During his administration, Thomas Jefferson

cut the national debt almost in half.

Life in the British navy was so horrible that few sailors volunteered, so they were ______ or forced into service

impressed

Why did Jefferson encourage Congress to pass the 1807 Embargo?

to retaliate against British impressments of American sailors.

Temporarily abandoning plans for an invasion in Florida, _____ ____, a wealthy Tennessee planter and general in the state militia, attacked the Creek Indians at Horseshoe Bend on March 27,1814

Andrew Jackson

Which of the following are accurate statements about the Embargo and its impact?

1. Merchants and shipowners of the Northeast were hit hardest by the Embargo-induced depression. 2. It caused a serious economic depression throughout most of the United States

Which of the following accurately characterize the image and tone of the Jefferson administration?

1. Plain and ordinary in appearance 2.Informal

Which of the following statements regarding Native Americans and revivalism during the years of the Second Great Awakening are correct?

1. Presbyterian and Baptist missionaries helped convert a number of Indians. 2. Handsome Lake, a Seneca Indian, called for a revival of traditional Indian Ways.

Which of the following are accurate characterizations of Jefferson's tone and behavior in the wake of his "revolution" that removed the Federalists from power

1. Restrained and conciliatory 2. Minimizing differences

Which of the following statements about private and public education in the Jeffersonian era are correct?

1. In the South and the mid-Atlantic states, religious groups ran most schools 2. For the most part, schooling was only for students whose parents could afford the cost of a private education 3. Private academics in New England were often more secular than those of the South.

Which of the following correctly identify aspects of American cultural life in the early nineteenth century?

1. Increased educational opportunities 2. New literacy and artistic influence 3. Development of American Literature

Spanish Florida included southern areas of which of these present-day states?

1. Louisiana 2. Mississippi

Which of the following statements regarding the early part of the War of 1812 are correct?

1. American ships scored early victories over British warships. 2. The British, preoccupied with Napoleon at the time the United States declared war, ignored the declaration at first. 3. Napoleon's catastrophic Russian campaign, launched in 1812, ultimately freed the British to turn their attention to America in late 1813.

Which of the following eventually led to the War of 1812.

1. British support of Indian tribes that fought against the United States along the Canadian Border 2. The United States' desire to annex Florida

Which of the following best represents the origins of the Second Great Awakening?

1. Church establishments were attempting to revitalize their organizations 2. Conservative theologians were trying to fight the spread of religious nationalism.

Which of the following statements describe physicians and childbirth in the early nineteenth century?

1. Doctors used their newfound commitment to "science" to justify expanding their roles into various areas, including childbirth. 2. Female midwives had generally handled childbirth, but physicians increasing began to take over that job.

Which of the following accurately describe American horse racing in its early period, from colonial times to the Civil War?

1. Exclusively for wealthy "gentlemen" 2. Often reflected North-South sectional rivalries 3. Many jockeys were black

Which of the following statements regarding Jefferson's military and defense policies are correct?

1. He reduced the army from 4,000 men to 2,500 and the navy from 25 ships to 7. 2. Large standing armies, he believed, were a threat to civil liberties and civilian government.

Which of the following statements about Handsome Lake are correct?

1. He was a Seneca prophet who called for a revival of traditional Indian ways 2. His miraculous "rebirth" from alcoholism helped give him special stature, and he encouraged Indians to give up whiskey and other vices

Which of the following are accurate statements about the reasons behind Napoleon's sudden decision to offer Louisiana a Territory to the United States?

1. He was no longer in a position to pursue his dream of a North American empire. 2. The renewal of hostilities in Europe meant that his resources would be focused there.

Which of the following statements regarding educational opportunities for women in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries are correct?

1. In 1789, Massachusetts required that its public schools serve females as well as males, and some other states soon adopted similar laws. 2. Private academics for girls usually served the daughters of wealthy families. 3. A new value placed on the contributions of the "Republican mother" helped improve educational opportunities for women.

Which of the following statements about the conflict with the Barbary states of North Africa's Mediterranean coast are correct?

1. In the 1780s and 1790s the United States agreed to pay annual tribute to the Barbary States 2. The European powers whose ships sailed the Mediterranean had long been paying tribute to the Barbary states

The Jefferson administration persuaded Congress in 1802 to abolish all internal taxes, leaving the government with which sources of revenue?

1. Sale of western lands 2. Custom duties

Which of the following statements regarding peace negotiations with Britain in 1814 are correct?

1. The Americans agreed to give up their demand for cession of Canada to the United States 2. Both sides began the negotiations with extravagant demands. 3. The British agreed to give up their demand for the creation of an Indian buffer state between the Northwest and Canada.

Which of the following are accurate statements regarding the British navy and the controversy over impressment?

1. The British claimed the right to take men born on British soil who had become naturalized American citizens 2. Britain claimed the right to stop American merchant ships and reimpress deserters

Close ties between Indians and the British and Spanish forces in which areas helped bring about the War of 1812?

1. The Canadian border region 2. Florida

Though pleased with the terms of a bargain that had doubled the size of the United States, Jefferson was troubled over the Louisiana Purchase because

1. The Constitution said nothing about the acquisition of new territory. 2. He was uncertain about his authority in such matters.

Which of the following explain why Aaron Burr, vice president in Jefferson's Republican administration, became aligned with the Federalists in New York?

1. The Federalists proposed that Burr, himself a New York politician, became their candidate for the state's governor in 1804. 2. Burr was the greatest political rival of Alexander Hamilton, the leading Federalist in New York who refused to support the Federalists' scheme

Which of the following statements about the ideas and impact of the Second Great Awakening are correct?

1. The revivalism of the Awakening contributed to occasional racial unrest in the South. 2. It combined active piety with a belief in grace through faith and good works. 3. By rejecting predestination, the emerging belief system gave a greater intensity to the individual's search for salvation.

Jefferson became alarmed about the possibility of a hostile force in Louisiana once he learned of which of the following?

1. The secret transfer of Louisiana from Spain to France under the Treaty of San Ildefonso in 1800. 2. Efforts to prevent American vessels on the Mississippi River from unloading their cargo in New Orleans 3. A violation of the 1795 Pinckney Treaty by the Spanish, who controlled New Orleans until the French took formal possession.

Which of the following statements regarding urbanization in America in 1800 are correct?

1. The urban environment created a way of life quite different from that experienced by most Americans, producing new levels of affluence. 2. New York and Philadelphia were the nation's two leading cities, with 60,000 and 70,000 residents, respectively.

Lewis and Clark had many things in common, including which of the following?

1. They had extensive experience in the outdoors. 2.They were veteran Indian fighters 3. They were skilled in the ways of survival.

On April 30 in the year _____, the Representatives of the United States Livingston and Monroe signed an agreement for the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France.

1803

Lewis and Clark set out on their famous expedition in the spring of

1804

South Carolina's John C Calhoun, one of the "War hawks" elected in 1810, joined others in pressure Madison toward the declaration of war against Britain on June 18.

1812

Which of the following statements about the Louisiana Purchase is not correct?

After signing the treaty, the French gave the Americans extensive maps defining the exact boundaries of the territory.

Which statement about New England Federalists in 1804 is not correct?

Alexander Hamilton chose party over principle and attempted to ride the Federalist secessionist wave back into power.

Which of the following accurately describe American responses to the Louisiana Purchase?

American responses to the Louisiana Purchase - Jefferson was pleased with the terms of the treaty - Jefferson believed that his actions would no adversely effect the country - Jefferson immediately sent a team to explore the region

Perhaps the most influential literacy works of the early republic were works that glorified

American's past and heroes.

In 1810, American settlers in West Florida seized the Spanish fort at ____ and petitioned the federal government to annex the territory

Baton Rouge

When Napoleon tried to close the European continent to British Trade, the British responded with an ____ on the European coast.

Blockade

Under the terms of the secret Treaty of San Ildefonso in 1800 between France and Spain, France regained title to the vast Louisiana Territory as part of Napoleon's grand design to

Build a great French empire in America

In Marbury v Madison, the Supreme Court declared the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional because

Congress had no right to expand the powers of the judiciary beyond what the Constitution specified.

Marbury v Madison addressed the question of whether the Supreme Court had the authority to

Declare congressional acts unconstitutional

Hastly Drawn up on Christmas Eve 1814, the Treaty of ______ ended the Wear of 1812 and helped usher in a period of improved Anglo-American relations

Ghent

Which statement about cotton cleaning and the invention of the cotton gin is not correct?

Despite its obvious value, the cotton gin was never widely used.

Which country was most influential in terms of planting the seeds of industrialism in Jefferson's America

England

Among the "War Hawks" who came to power in the 1810 congressional elections was ____ of Kentucky, who was elected speaker of the house in 1811.

Henry Clay

Which statement best identifies the ultimate impact of the Hartford Convention?

It made the Federalists seem irrelevant, perhaps even guilty of treason, and signaled the end of their party as an important force.

Why did women become so involved in the Second Great Awakening?

It offered women new opportunities to participate in social and community life.

Who was not one of the participants in the peace negotiations with the British in 1814?

James Monroe

Though more famous for his cotton gin, Eli Whitney also contributed to the development of modern warfare by.

Manufacturing muskets with interchangeable parts

Jefferson authorized the Lewis and Clark expedition to do all of the following except

Map prospective areas for settlement.

Republican attacks on the Judiciary and debate over the courts were the context of ______ v Madison(1803), one of the most important judicial decisions in American history.

Marbury

Which of these accurately describe the role of the long-term significance of the Marbury v. Madison ruling?

Marbury v. Madison - The Supreme Court had the authority to nullify acts of Congress - the court seemed to deny its authority, but actually radically enlarged it - the court reasoned that Congress had exceeded its authority by passing the Judiciary Act

The University of Penn created the first American ____ school in 1765.

Medical

When the ships of the American ___ ___ were caught between Napoleon;s decrees and Britain's blockage, American control of trade between Europe and the West Indies was challenged

Merchant Marine

Many easterners came to the think of the West as a giant desert because of Lieutenant Zebulon Montgomery ______, who explored parts of what is now Colorado in 1806.

Pike

Which of the following statements regarding medicine, infection and disease in the early nineteenth century is not correct?

Municipal authorities eagerly adopted major improvements in sanitation as a way of preventing epidemics

Continuing tensions in Europe, particularly after the beginning of the ___ in 1803, helped bring about the War of 1812.

Napoleonic Wars

Jackson's victory in the Battle of ____ ____ on January 8,1815, became legendary, but the war had actually ended several weeks before the battle took place.

New Orleans

Rather than risk a war with France or loss of support from westerners who demanded the reopening of the Mississippi River, Jefferson instructed Ambassador Robert Livingston to negotiate with France for the Purchase of

New Orleans

Jefferson easily won reelection in 1804 against Federalist candidate Charles C ____

Pinckney

During the period between the duel with Hamilton in 1804 and Burr's eventual capture, Burr did all of the following except

Organize an aramy and plot the secession of the Southeast to form a breakaway nation under his rule.

Republicans objected to efforts by Federalists to build influence through

Patronage

Like his contemporary to the east, Handsome Lake, Tenskawatawa known as the _______ J demonstrated the power of religious leaders to mobilize Indians behind political and military objectives

Prophet

Which political faction sought to curb the power of the judiciary through repeal of the Judiciary Act of 1801?

Republicans

Marbury v Madison involved the legal concept of judicial ____ and the question of the Supreme Court's authority to ____ acts of Congress

Review;nullify

A minority in the rest of the country but still the majority in New England, Federalists began renewed talk of ____ in the winter of 1814-1815

Secession

Handsome Lake, the most well-known Native American revivalist, was a member of which tribe?

Seneca

Which of the following statements about education in the Jeffersonian era is not correct?

Several states developed working systems of free public schools.

A new era in river transportation began in the summer of 1807 with the launch of a _____ called the Clermont on the Hudson River.

Steamboat

Which statement regarding involvement by women and African Americans in the Second Great Awakening is not correct?

The Awakening's encouragement of whites to improve their treatment of blacks and of blacks to submit to authority promoted racial harmony

Which of the following statements regarding educational opportunities for people of different classes and races in the early nineteenth century is not correct?

The era saw an increased interest in the power of education to "improve" African Americans.

US diplomatic representatives Robert Livingston and James Monroe were at first hesitant to consider making a treaty for the purchase of the Louisiana Territory because?

The government had not authorized them to go.

Although Jefferson was unable to entirely eliminate_____,he did cut it almost in half during his presidency.

The national debt

Which statement best characterizes Jefferson's leadership style?

Though he cultivated the image of a man of the people, he was a shrewd politician who quietly exerted considerable influence.

While Tecumseh was away attempting to form an alliance with Indians to the south against the United States, Harrison defeated Indian forces in the Battle of

Tippecanoe

Which of the following statements about religious life in America during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries is not correct?

Traditional, evangelistic religion in the new nation was swiftly dying away, and a new scientific nationalism prevailed

The philosophies of ____ and _____ began as religious skepticism but grew into a strong movement that rejected Calvinist predetermination and the Trinity.

Unitarianism and Universalism

The American Revolution weakened traditional forms of religious practice by

encouraging individual liberty and reason

Which of the following groups had the greatest access to higher education in 1800?

Wealthy white males

Which of the following accurately describe the impact of the Second Great Awakening on women, African Americans, and Native Americans?

Women - found important new roles and activities within churches Native Americans - converted in response to Presbyterian and Baptist missionaries - changed from some of their traditional ways due to religious revival African Americans - embrace the message with fervor, many became preachers - inspired plans for a rebellion

Jefferson and the Republicans worked to reverse the trend whereby ____ had nearly tripled between 1793 and 1800.

Yearly federal expenditures

Early explorers' accounts encouraged what type of popular perception of much of the Louisiana Territory?

as an inhospitable, uncultivated desert

Which of the following describe the foreign affairs Jefferson faced and resulting changes in his political philosophy?

foreign affairs and Jefferson's Political Philosophy - Jefferson approved the end of his failed "peaceable coercion" experiment - Jefferson tried to mantain peace in the midst of widespread "impressment" of American sailors - Jefferson's solution to the "Indian problem" was to insist that Indians assimilate or move

Which judicial oversight power was codified and reinforced through Marbury vs. Madison?

judicial review