nursing of adults I endocrine system

hypoparathyroidism

Tetany, muscular irritability, positive Chvostek sign, positive trousseau sing

graves disease

What would you suspect to be the cause of hyperthyroidism in a patient presenting with the symptoms of Goiter and exphthalmos

major endocrine glands

adrenal glands, adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla, anterior and posterior pituitary, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus

adrenal cortex

"A client with a history of hypertension is diagnosed with primary hyperaldosteronism. This diagnosis indicates that the client's hypertension is caused by excessive hormone secretion from which gland?

thyroid crisis

"Early this morning, a client had a subtotal thyroidectomy. During evening rounds, the nurse assesses the client, who now has nausea, a temperature of 105° F (40.5° C), tachycardia, and extreme restlessness. What is the most likely cause of these signs?

serum osmolarity

A client with untreated diabetes melitus has polyuria, is lethargic, and has a blood glucose of 560 mg/dL. The nurse correlates the polyuria with which finding

myxedema coma

A life-threatening medical emergency when the mental sluggishness, drowsiness, and lethargy of hypothyroidism progresses gradually or suddenly to a notable impairment of consciousness or coma.

posterior Pituitary Gland

ADH and oxytocin are secreted from which gland?

hashimoto's thyroiditis

AUTOIMMUNE INFLAMMATION OF THE THYROID THAT CAUSES HYPOTHYROIDISM & GOITER

adrenal medulla

An endocrine organ that secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine in concert with the activation of the sympathetic nervous system; for example, in response to stress.

primary hyperthyroidism

Decrease TSH, Increase T4

manifestations of SIADH

Decreased urine output and concentrated urine (so high urine specific gravity, headache, muscle weakness, anorexia, dark yellow urine

hyperthyroidism

Grave's disease, thyrotoxic crisis, excessive production of the thyroid hormone

adrenal gland

Hormone-producing glands located superior to the kidneys; each consists of a medulla and a cortex.

hypothyroidism

Hypofunction of the thyroid gland, with resulting insufficiency of thyroid hormone; Hasimoto Disease, Myxedema, goiter

hyperthyroidism manifestations

Nervousness; rapid pulse; heat intolerance; tremors; skin flushed, warm, soft, and moist; exophthalmos; increased appetite; weight loss; elevated systolic BP; cardiac dysrhythmias

hypothalamus gland

Regulate pituitary hormones; release or inhibit other hormones. Located in the center of the brain

function of ADH

Regulate water balance released by posterior pituitary gland in response to increased blood osmolarity. ADH regulates water excretion from the kidney.

what is SIADH

SIADH or syndrome of inappropriate ADH is a condition characterized by increased ADH secretion that leads to increased urine osmolarity and decreased serum osmolarity syndrome of inappropriate ADH release- non osmotic ADH release leading to water retention and hyponatremia

signs and symptoms hyperthyroidism

Symptoms include goiter, nervousness or irritability, fatigue or muscle weakness, trouble sleeping, hand tremors, rapid and irregular heartbeat, frequent bowel movements or diarrhea, and weight loss

SIADH

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone

thyroid gland

butterfly shaped lobes connected by isthmus. secretes calcitonin-decrease calcium levels in blood-needs iodine to secrete TH. Thyroxine (T4) Triiodothyronine (T3)

diabetes insipidus

caused by insufficient production of the antidiuretic hormone or by the inability of the kidneys to respond appropriately to this hormone

parathyroid gland

four small endocrine glands on the posterior side of the thyroid gland that secretes PTH that increases calcium levels and decreases phosphorous levels

addisons disease tx

give juice/NA+ wgt dail

cushing syndrome

group of signs and symptoms produced by excess cortisol from the adrenal cortex

anterior pituitary gland

growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), luitinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin

decreased release of ADH and urine output increased

hyposmolality

secondary hyperthyroidism

increase TSH, increase T4

hyperosmolality

increased serum, increased ADH, renal water absorbtion, decreased urine

increased ADH

increased urine output

Addisons disease

is disorder resulting from distruction or disfunction of the adrenal cortex resulting in a defeciency in cortisol, aldosterone, adrenal androgens and skin pigmentation adrenocortical insufficiency

what is the master gland

pituitary gland

manifestations of diabetes insipidus

polydipsia, polyuria, dilute urine(5-15 l per day), low specific gravity less then 1.005, weakness, dehydration, dry mucus membranes, tachycardia, poor skin turgor

hyperparathyroidism

the overproduction of the parathyroid hormone, causing the condition known as hypercalcemia

manifestations of cushing syndrome

thinning of hair, Buffalo Hump, supraclavicular fat pad, pendulous abdomen, slow wound healing, easy bruising, purple striae, thin extremities, increased hair growth in woman, moon face, acne

complications of thyroid surgery

thyroid storm, hemorrhage, resp distress, laryngeal nerve damage, tetany thyroid storm

primary hypothyroidism

↓ Serum T4 and ↑ TSH

secondary hypothyroidism

↓ Serum T4 and ↓ TSH