nursing of adults I endocrine system
hypoparathyroidism
Tetany, muscular irritability, positive Chvostek sign, positive trousseau sing
graves disease
What would you suspect to be the cause of hyperthyroidism in a patient presenting with the symptoms of Goiter and exphthalmos
major endocrine glands
adrenal glands, adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla, anterior and posterior pituitary, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus
adrenal cortex
"A client with a history of hypertension is diagnosed with primary hyperaldosteronism. This diagnosis indicates that the client's hypertension is caused by excessive hormone secretion from which gland?
thyroid crisis
"Early this morning, a client had a subtotal thyroidectomy. During evening rounds, the nurse assesses the client, who now has nausea, a temperature of 105° F (40.5° C), tachycardia, and extreme restlessness. What is the most likely cause of these signs?
serum osmolarity
A client with untreated diabetes melitus has polyuria, is lethargic, and has a blood glucose of 560 mg/dL. The nurse correlates the polyuria with which finding
myxedema coma
A life-threatening medical emergency when the mental sluggishness, drowsiness, and lethargy of hypothyroidism progresses gradually or suddenly to a notable impairment of consciousness or coma.
posterior Pituitary Gland
ADH and oxytocin are secreted from which gland?
hashimoto's thyroiditis
AUTOIMMUNE INFLAMMATION OF THE THYROID THAT CAUSES HYPOTHYROIDISM & GOITER
adrenal medulla
An endocrine organ that secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine in concert with the activation of the sympathetic nervous system; for example, in response to stress.
primary hyperthyroidism
Decrease TSH, Increase T4
manifestations of SIADH
Decreased urine output and concentrated urine (so high urine specific gravity, headache, muscle weakness, anorexia, dark yellow urine
hyperthyroidism
Grave's disease, thyrotoxic crisis, excessive production of the thyroid hormone
adrenal gland
Hormone-producing glands located superior to the kidneys; each consists of a medulla and a cortex.
hypothyroidism
Hypofunction of the thyroid gland, with resulting insufficiency of thyroid hormone; Hasimoto Disease, Myxedema, goiter
hyperthyroidism manifestations
Nervousness; rapid pulse; heat intolerance; tremors; skin flushed, warm, soft, and moist; exophthalmos; increased appetite; weight loss; elevated systolic BP; cardiac dysrhythmias
hypothalamus gland
Regulate pituitary hormones; release or inhibit other hormones. Located in the center of the brain
function of ADH
Regulate water balance released by posterior pituitary gland in response to increased blood osmolarity. ADH regulates water excretion from the kidney.
what is SIADH
SIADH or syndrome of inappropriate ADH is a condition characterized by increased ADH secretion that leads to increased urine osmolarity and decreased serum osmolarity syndrome of inappropriate ADH release- non osmotic ADH release leading to water retention and hyponatremia
signs and symptoms hyperthyroidism
Symptoms include goiter, nervousness or irritability, fatigue or muscle weakness, trouble sleeping, hand tremors, rapid and irregular heartbeat, frequent bowel movements or diarrhea, and weight loss
SIADH
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
thyroid gland
butterfly shaped lobes connected by isthmus. secretes calcitonin-decrease calcium levels in blood-needs iodine to secrete TH. Thyroxine (T4) Triiodothyronine (T3)
diabetes insipidus
caused by insufficient production of the antidiuretic hormone or by the inability of the kidneys to respond appropriately to this hormone
parathyroid gland
four small endocrine glands on the posterior side of the thyroid gland that secretes PTH that increases calcium levels and decreases phosphorous levels
addisons disease tx
give juice/NA+ wgt dail
cushing syndrome
group of signs and symptoms produced by excess cortisol from the adrenal cortex
anterior pituitary gland
growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), luitinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin
decreased release of ADH and urine output increased
hyposmolality
secondary hyperthyroidism
increase TSH, increase T4
hyperosmolality
increased serum, increased ADH, renal water absorbtion, decreased urine
increased ADH
increased urine output
Addisons disease
is disorder resulting from distruction or disfunction of the adrenal cortex resulting in a defeciency in cortisol, aldosterone, adrenal androgens and skin pigmentation adrenocortical insufficiency
what is the master gland
pituitary gland
manifestations of diabetes insipidus
polydipsia, polyuria, dilute urine(5-15 l per day), low specific gravity less then 1.005, weakness, dehydration, dry mucus membranes, tachycardia, poor skin turgor
hyperparathyroidism
the overproduction of the parathyroid hormone, causing the condition known as hypercalcemia
manifestations of cushing syndrome
thinning of hair, Buffalo Hump, supraclavicular fat pad, pendulous abdomen, slow wound healing, easy bruising, purple striae, thin extremities, increased hair growth in woman, moon face, acne
complications of thyroid surgery
thyroid storm, hemorrhage, resp distress, laryngeal nerve damage, tetany thyroid storm
primary hypothyroidism
↓ Serum T4 and ↑ TSH
secondary hypothyroidism
↓ Serum T4 and ↓ TSH