Nutr 251 Exam 1

Hepatic system

"Hepatic" refers to the liver, which is one organ of the digestive system.

The stomach empties in about ____ hours depending on the contents and size of the meal. 5-6 10 1-4 8

1-4

mucus water acid hormones

Fluids involved in the processes of digestion and absorption may contain ____. (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question.

excrete waste, absorb nutrients, secrete substances

Three functions of epithelial tissues are to

How much digestive fluid (including water, mucus, acid, digestive enzymes, bile, and hormones) is secreted into the GI tract over the course of a day?

about 29 cups

The liver, gallbladder, and pancreas are part of the digestive system but are considered _____ structures. Multiple choice question. tertiary primary accessory

accessory

Nutritional status has _____ effect on organ function. (an, no, little)

an

Pepsin and Gastrin

an enzyme that is produced in the stomach.

what organs in the digestive system come in direct contact with food? Anus Gallbladder Liver Esophagus Pancreas

anus and esophagus

HCI destroys most harmful __ and viruses in foods.

bacteria

In healthy individuals, what lives throughout the GI tract?

bacteria

The pancreatic juices are very ___________ to neutralize the acidic chyme arriving from the stomach. neutral, like water basic, alkaline acidic, vinegar-like

basic, alkaline

What are not parietal cells of the stomach?

biles salts , potassium, and amino acid because parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor

Place the 5 sections of the colon in the order in which a substance would pass through the large intestine after it leaves the small intestine. cecum descending colon sigmoid colon transverse colon ascending colon

cecum ascending colon transverse colon descending colon sigmoid colon

The liquid contents of the stomach are a mixture of gastric secretions and partially digested food known as ____.

chyme

The roles of HCl produced by the stomach include

destroys harmful bacteria and viruses inactivates biological activity of consumed proteins. dissolves dietary minerals.

The first part of the small intestine is the ________________.

duodenum

what is the order of the parts in the GI tract?

duodenum jejunum ileum

Which of the following are examples of organ systems (system of the body)?

endocrine system digestive system

pancreatic lipase digests ________________.

fats/lipids

Identify three organs that are important parts of the digestive system, that do not come in direct contact with food matter in the gastrointestinal tract. Anus Gallbladder Liver Esophagus Pancreas

galbladder liver pancreas

The chief cells of the stomach secrete ____.

gastric lipase

The stomach is responsible for the production of ____. (Check all that apply.) ghrelin salivary amylase lingual lipase intrinsic factor

ghrelin and intrinsic factor

reside

having a permanent home

Meal composition affects how long the meal takes to move from the stomach to the small intestines. Which of the following types of meals would move most SLOWLY out of the stomach?

high fat meal

The main functions of the large intestine include... house gut microbiota. absorb water and electrolytes. form and expel feces. absorb fats into the portal vein.

house gut microbiota absorb water and electrolytes form and expel feces

The parietal cells of the stomach secrete ____.

hydrochloric acid

The substance necessary for the body to absorb Vitamin B-12 is

intrinsic factor

The large intestine is described as large compared to the small intestine because it is ______. larger in diameter than the small intestine longer in number of feet than the small intestine

larger in diameter than the small intestine

These accessory organs function along with the small intestine in the digestive process.

liver gallbladder pancreas

The resident bacteria throughout the GI tract are referred to as the gut ______________.

microbiota

Put the following digestive organs in the order they come in contact with food.

mouth esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine

Which of the following are components of saliva? Select all that apply.

mucus lipase amylase

Small intestine

one organ of the digestive system.

No absorption occurs in the _____________.

pancreas and gallbladder

Secretions from the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder are delivered into the small intestine via the Multiple select question. pancreatic duct hepatic duct bile duct lymphatic duct

pancreatic and bile duct

____________ is an enzyme produced in the stomach.

pepsin

several proteases digests ________________.

protein

Lingual lipase and salivary amylase are two components of the liquid called ____________ which is produced by glands in the mouth.

saliva

Lingual lipase and salivary amylase are two components of the liquid called _________________ which is produced by glands in the mouth

saliva

What is the substance in the pancreatic juice that allows us to buffer the acidic contents arriving in the small intestine from the stomach?

sodium bicarbonate

Pancreatic amylase is responsible for breaking down ____________ for digestion. . protein alcohol starch fat

starch

Only a small amount of nutrient absorption occurs in the _____________.

stomach

The contents of the stomach pass through the pyloric sphincter at the rate of a ______ at a time. teaspoon tablespoon liter cup

teaspoon

Absorption is ______.

the uptake of nutrients from the GI tract into either the blood or the lymph

lipoproteins

transport fat around the body and are not involved in digestion and absorption.

Which of the following dietary components are absorbed by the cells lining the stomach? (Select all that apply.) Glucose Water Alcohol Vitamins

water and alcohol (and a few forms of fat)

Which of the following are absorbed in the large intestine? water and electrolytes most fats alcohol glucose and other sugars

water and electrolytes