Nutr 251 Exam 1
Hepatic system
"Hepatic" refers to the liver, which is one organ of the digestive system.
The stomach empties in about ____ hours depending on the contents and size of the meal. 5-6 10 1-4 8
1-4
mucus water acid hormones
Fluids involved in the processes of digestion and absorption may contain ____. (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question.
excrete waste, absorb nutrients, secrete substances
Three functions of epithelial tissues are to
How much digestive fluid (including water, mucus, acid, digestive enzymes, bile, and hormones) is secreted into the GI tract over the course of a day?
about 29 cups
The liver, gallbladder, and pancreas are part of the digestive system but are considered _____ structures. Multiple choice question. tertiary primary accessory
accessory
Nutritional status has _____ effect on organ function. (an, no, little)
an
Pepsin and Gastrin
an enzyme that is produced in the stomach.
what organs in the digestive system come in direct contact with food? Anus Gallbladder Liver Esophagus Pancreas
anus and esophagus
HCI destroys most harmful __ and viruses in foods.
bacteria
In healthy individuals, what lives throughout the GI tract?
bacteria
The pancreatic juices are very ___________ to neutralize the acidic chyme arriving from the stomach. neutral, like water basic, alkaline acidic, vinegar-like
basic, alkaline
What are not parietal cells of the stomach?
biles salts , potassium, and amino acid because parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor
Place the 5 sections of the colon in the order in which a substance would pass through the large intestine after it leaves the small intestine. cecum descending colon sigmoid colon transverse colon ascending colon
cecum ascending colon transverse colon descending colon sigmoid colon
The liquid contents of the stomach are a mixture of gastric secretions and partially digested food known as ____.
chyme
The roles of HCl produced by the stomach include
destroys harmful bacteria and viruses inactivates biological activity of consumed proteins. dissolves dietary minerals.
The first part of the small intestine is the ________________.
duodenum
what is the order of the parts in the GI tract?
duodenum jejunum ileum
Which of the following are examples of organ systems (system of the body)?
endocrine system digestive system
pancreatic lipase digests ________________.
fats/lipids
Identify three organs that are important parts of the digestive system, that do not come in direct contact with food matter in the gastrointestinal tract. Anus Gallbladder Liver Esophagus Pancreas
galbladder liver pancreas
The chief cells of the stomach secrete ____.
gastric lipase
The stomach is responsible for the production of ____. (Check all that apply.) ghrelin salivary amylase lingual lipase intrinsic factor
ghrelin and intrinsic factor
reside
having a permanent home
Meal composition affects how long the meal takes to move from the stomach to the small intestines. Which of the following types of meals would move most SLOWLY out of the stomach?
high fat meal
The main functions of the large intestine include... house gut microbiota. absorb water and electrolytes. form and expel feces. absorb fats into the portal vein.
house gut microbiota absorb water and electrolytes form and expel feces
The parietal cells of the stomach secrete ____.
hydrochloric acid
The substance necessary for the body to absorb Vitamin B-12 is
intrinsic factor
The large intestine is described as large compared to the small intestine because it is ______. larger in diameter than the small intestine longer in number of feet than the small intestine
larger in diameter than the small intestine
These accessory organs function along with the small intestine in the digestive process.
liver gallbladder pancreas
The resident bacteria throughout the GI tract are referred to as the gut ______________.
microbiota
Put the following digestive organs in the order they come in contact with food.
mouth esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine
Which of the following are components of saliva? Select all that apply.
mucus lipase amylase
Small intestine
one organ of the digestive system.
No absorption occurs in the _____________.
pancreas and gallbladder
Secretions from the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder are delivered into the small intestine via the Multiple select question. pancreatic duct hepatic duct bile duct lymphatic duct
pancreatic and bile duct
____________ is an enzyme produced in the stomach.
pepsin
several proteases digests ________________.
protein
Lingual lipase and salivary amylase are two components of the liquid called ____________ which is produced by glands in the mouth.
saliva
Lingual lipase and salivary amylase are two components of the liquid called _________________ which is produced by glands in the mouth
saliva
What is the substance in the pancreatic juice that allows us to buffer the acidic contents arriving in the small intestine from the stomach?
sodium bicarbonate
Pancreatic amylase is responsible for breaking down ____________ for digestion. . protein alcohol starch fat
starch
Only a small amount of nutrient absorption occurs in the _____________.
stomach
The contents of the stomach pass through the pyloric sphincter at the rate of a ______ at a time. teaspoon tablespoon liter cup
teaspoon
Absorption is ______.
the uptake of nutrients from the GI tract into either the blood or the lymph
lipoproteins
transport fat around the body and are not involved in digestion and absorption.
Which of the following dietary components are absorbed by the cells lining the stomach? (Select all that apply.) Glucose Water Alcohol Vitamins
water and alcohol (and a few forms of fat)
Which of the following are absorbed in the large intestine? water and electrolytes most fats alcohol glucose and other sugars
water and electrolytes
