Nutrition

What percentage of the world's children under the age of 5 have low weight for their height?

10

By what age do most people first have well-developed arterial plaque?

30

Among the leading causes of death in the United States diabetes ranks number

7

What is the chief transport substance for zinc in the circulation?

Albumin

What form of tocopherol shows vitamin E activity in the human body?

Alpha

Which of the following is a feature of choline in nutrition?

Average intakes in the United States are lower than recommended.

Which of the following is an early sign of vitamin C deficiency?

Bleeding Gums

​Which of the following toxic substances are formed from production of paper products used in food packaging?

Dioxins

Which of the following is a naturally occurring food source of vitamin D?

Egg Yolks

Which of the following conditions is known to lead to copper deficiency?​

Excess zinc

Which of the following conditions is known to lead to formation of mineral deposits in the blood vessels and kidney?

Excessive intake of Vitamin D

Natural disasters is the primary cause of the worst famine in the 20th century

False

The B vitamins serve as enzymes in the TCA cycle.

False

The distinction between the major and trace minerals reflects the importance of their functions in the body.

False

Water soluble vitamins yield energy when broken down.

False

Without sufficient vitamin K bones become soft.

False

A person with a disorder that limits absorption of bile is at increased risk for deficiency of

Folate

Which of the following food groups is a rich source of vitamin C?

Fruit Group

A person's level of C-reactive protein appears to be a strong predictor for

HEart attack

Which of the following vitamins is synthesized by intestinal bacteria?

K

​What term describes the malnutrition syndrome a child develops when the next child is born and the first child no longer receives breast milk?

Kwashiorkor

Which of the following describes an event in the visual response process?

Light energy strikes the retina and excites pigments to release retinal

Which of the following contains the highest amount of riboflavin when expressed per kcalorie?

Liver

​What is the term that describes the allowance of most additives in foods at levels 100 times below the lowest level known to cause any harmful effects?

Margin of safety

Which of the following is a major binding protein for zinc?

Metallothionein

Which of the following nutrients functions to prevent the appearance of a bilateral, symmetrical dermatitis, primarily on areas exposed to the sun?

Niacin

Vitamin A supplements are helpful in treating which of the following conditions?

Night blindness

What is the largest federal food assistance program in the United States?

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin A nutrition?

Supplements are recommended for certain groups of infants and children infected with the measles in the United States.

Which of the following foods provides the greatest amount of iron per serving?

Pinto beans

What is a major function of hemosiderin?

Protects the body against free iron release

Lowering salt intake is the most effect way to lower blood pressure.

false

Plaques in the arteries contribute to the development of diabetes.

false

The active components in black tea and green tea associated with favorable effects on the cardiovascular system are

flavonoids

The obstruction of a blood vessel by a clot that broke away from arterial plaque is termed

an embolism

A complication of diabetes is blurry vision, which results from swelling of the lenses of the eye caused by conversion of excess glucose to

glycated corneal membranes.

What is the only food intended to be consumed raw in which the FDA allows the use of sulfite additives?

grapes

Aging, inactivity, and obesity all contribute to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes

TRue

In the otherwise stable person with type 1 diabetes, a potential problem associated with physical activity is

hypoglycemia

B-cells produce antibodies.

True

Electrolytes in fluids help distribute the fluids inside and outside the cells, thus ensuring the appropriate water balance and acid-base balance to support life processes.

True

Folate protects against neural tube defects

True

Heme iron is only found in meat, poultry, and fish and is better absorbed than non-heme iron

True

Iodine is an essential component of the thyroid hormone

True

Irradiation of certain foods protects consumers from food-borne illness, but also raises some concerns

True

Pellagra is a deficiency of niacin.

True

Raw milk, seafood, meat, and eggs are examples of foods that frequently cause food borne illnesses.

True

Regular use of calcium and iron supplements can limit the absorption of manganese

True

Regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance and acid-base balance depends primarily on the kidneys.

True

Selenium is an antioxidant that works closely with glutathione peroxidase enzyme and vitamin E.

True

The most critical factor in providing food to all the world's people is a reduction in population growth

True

The most notable role for vitamin E is to protect lipids against oxidation.

True

The role of chloride in the stomach is to maintain a strong acidity.

True

The temperature danger zone for foods ranges from 40 degrees F to 140 degrees F

True

Vitamin B12 helps maintain the protective sheath on nerve fibers.

True

Vitamin D sends signals to three primary target sites: the bone, kidneys, and GI tract.

True

Weight loss and physical activity my protect against heart disease by raising your HDL and lowering blood pressure

True

Which of the following describes a relationship between sodium/salt and high blood pressure?

Weight loss is often as effective as sodium restriction in lowering blood pressure.

The excessive thirst common in diabetes is known as

polydypsia

Which of the following is the primary cause for hunger in the United States and in less developed countries?

poverty

SNAP debit cards may be used to purchase which of the following?

seeds to produce food

​A significant reduction in blood flow to the brain is termed

stroke

​The potential of a substance to harm someone is known as

toxicity

Sugar and salt are used as antimicrobial agents in foods because they prevent microbial use of the food's

water

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin D synthesis?

​Dark-skinned people require longer sunlight exposure than light-skinned people to synthesize equivalent amounts of vitamin D

Which of the following is a property of the fat-soluble vitamins?

​Deficiency symptoms may take years to develop on a poor diet

Which of the following disorders may result from vitamin E deficiency in people?

​Erythrocyte hemolysis

Which of the following is a feature of pantothenic acid in nutrition?

​It functions in the metabolism of amino acids, glucose, and fatty acids

Which of the following is a feature of copper nutrition?

​It is involved in collagen synthesis and wound healing

Which of the following is a feature of Accutane?(quiz 10)

​It is known to cause birth defects when used by pregnant women

Which of the following is a feature of osteocalcin?

​It requires vitamin K to bind to bone-forming minerals

Which of the following describes an event in the visual response process?

​Light energy strikes the retina and excites pigments to release retinal.

A measure of the rate at which a nutrient is absorbed and used by the body is termed

​bioavailability

A person who produces a normal amount of insulin but whose cells show suboptimal response is said to be

​insulin resistant

Zinc content is highest in foods that also contain a large amount of

​protein

Among the following, which would be the best source of niacin equivalents?

Chicken

What is the major carrier of the fat-soluble vitamins from the intestinal epithelial cell to the circulation?

Chylomicrons

Riboflavin needs are more difficult to meet when the diet is low in

Dairy Products

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin E?

Deficiencies occur from inability to absorb dietary lipids

Which of the following vitamins has been noted as preventing the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins?

E

A deficiency of vitamin A causes rickets and osteomalacia.

False

Calcium absorption is hindered by stomach acid

False

Classic sign of zinc deficiency is a goiter

False

Free radicals are abundant in fruits and vegetables.

False

Which of the following conditions may improve with vitamin E therapy?

Intermittent claudication

Which of the following would be the most appropriate food source of iodide for a person who lives inland?

Iodized table salt

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin E in foods?

Most convenience foods are poor sources of vitamin E

Which of the following foods is a very good source of vitamin A?

Pumpkin Pie

The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome may be treated with supplements of

Thiamin