Nutrition

Contributes to high levels of low-density lipoprotein

A client with heart disease asks about cholesterol intake. When teaching the client, the nurse will explain what about cholesterol?

BMR (basal metabolic rate)

the rate at which energy is used to keep the body alive when in a rested and fasting state

Micronutrients

vitamins and minerals (Help manufacture, repair, & maintain cells)

enteral nutrition

giving nutrients into the gastro-intestinal tract through a feeding tube

unsaturated fats

good fats - liquid at room temp Lower LDL & raises HDL

BMI normal

18.5-24.9

BMI overweight

25-29.9

BMI obesity

30-39.9

Gelatin, Broth, & Ginger ale

A client is started on a clear liquid diet after surgery. Which items should the nurse offer the client?

Hamburger on a bun

A nurse is giving discharge instructions to the parents of a 5-year old child who is recovering from surgery. What food should the nurse recommend that will ensure maintenance of a positive nitrogen balance? -Orange slices -Bacon sandwich -Hamburger on a bun - Chicken soup with carrots

Carrots, Green leafy vegetables, & Yellow/orange vegetables

A nurse is providing education about excellent food sources of Vitamin A for a client who is deficient in the vitamin. Which foods should the nurse include in teaching?

milk, eggs, cheese

A nurse teaches a pregnant woman about the need to increase her intake of complete proteins. Which foods identified by the client indicate that the teaching is effective? (Select all that apply.) - Nuts - Milk - Eggs - Bread - Beans - Cheese

Seeds & Peanut butter

A primary healthcare provider tells a client that Vitamin E is important for healthier skin. Which foods should the nurse recommend?

nonessential amino acids

Amino acids that can be manufactured by the body in sufficient quantities and therefore do not need to be consumed regularly in our diet

Provide oral supplements

During chemotherapy, altered nutrition is a common side effect. Knowing that compromised nutrition can contribute to an increased risk of infection and other problems, what can the nurse do to offset nutritional deficiencies?

Vitamin C and B

Our bodies don't store these vitamins, Must consume these vitamins daily.

essential amino acids

Significant amino acids, our bodies can't manufacture them, have to get them in food or supplements

Checking for residual stomach contents

The nurse is preparing to administer a nasogastric tube feeding to a client via infusion pump. What is the most important assessment the nurse needs to perform before beginning the pump

rapid growth, pregnancy, lactation, & healing

Vitamins are especially critical during periods of

nitrogen balance

When protein is broken down the nitrogen is converted to ammonia & excreted in the urine. The amount of nitrogen consumed as compared with the amount of nitrogen excreted in a given period of time

Prealbumin

a thyroxin-binding protein measured to evaluate the nutrition status of critically ill patients who are at high risk for malnutrition - level fluctuates daily & is the best way to detect acute change in malnutrition

Macronutrients

carbohydrates, proteins, and fats (supply the body with energy)

BMI underweight

less than 18.5

serum albumin

low levels are associated with malnutrition, malabsorption, & chronic liver disease. It can take days to detect nutritional problems

trace minerals

minerals that are needed in very small amounts - Copper, Fluoride, Iodine, Iron, & Zinc

major minerals

minerals that the body needs in amounts of 100mg/day or greater - calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium

BMI morbidly obese

over 40