Nutrition
Contributes to high levels of low-density lipoprotein
A client with heart disease asks about cholesterol intake. When teaching the client, the nurse will explain what about cholesterol?
BMR (basal metabolic rate)
the rate at which energy is used to keep the body alive when in a rested and fasting state
Micronutrients
vitamins and minerals (Help manufacture, repair, & maintain cells)
enteral nutrition
giving nutrients into the gastro-intestinal tract through a feeding tube
unsaturated fats
good fats - liquid at room temp Lower LDL & raises HDL
BMI normal
18.5-24.9
BMI overweight
25-29.9
BMI obesity
30-39.9
Gelatin, Broth, & Ginger ale
A client is started on a clear liquid diet after surgery. Which items should the nurse offer the client?
Hamburger on a bun
A nurse is giving discharge instructions to the parents of a 5-year old child who is recovering from surgery. What food should the nurse recommend that will ensure maintenance of a positive nitrogen balance? -Orange slices -Bacon sandwich -Hamburger on a bun - Chicken soup with carrots
Carrots, Green leafy vegetables, & Yellow/orange vegetables
A nurse is providing education about excellent food sources of Vitamin A for a client who is deficient in the vitamin. Which foods should the nurse include in teaching?
milk, eggs, cheese
A nurse teaches a pregnant woman about the need to increase her intake of complete proteins. Which foods identified by the client indicate that the teaching is effective? (Select all that apply.) - Nuts - Milk - Eggs - Bread - Beans - Cheese
Seeds & Peanut butter
A primary healthcare provider tells a client that Vitamin E is important for healthier skin. Which foods should the nurse recommend?
nonessential amino acids
Amino acids that can be manufactured by the body in sufficient quantities and therefore do not need to be consumed regularly in our diet
Provide oral supplements
During chemotherapy, altered nutrition is a common side effect. Knowing that compromised nutrition can contribute to an increased risk of infection and other problems, what can the nurse do to offset nutritional deficiencies?
Vitamin C and B
Our bodies don't store these vitamins, Must consume these vitamins daily.
essential amino acids
Significant amino acids, our bodies can't manufacture them, have to get them in food or supplements
Checking for residual stomach contents
The nurse is preparing to administer a nasogastric tube feeding to a client via infusion pump. What is the most important assessment the nurse needs to perform before beginning the pump
rapid growth, pregnancy, lactation, & healing
Vitamins are especially critical during periods of
nitrogen balance
When protein is broken down the nitrogen is converted to ammonia & excreted in the urine. The amount of nitrogen consumed as compared with the amount of nitrogen excreted in a given period of time
Prealbumin
a thyroxin-binding protein measured to evaluate the nutrition status of critically ill patients who are at high risk for malnutrition - level fluctuates daily & is the best way to detect acute change in malnutrition
Macronutrients
carbohydrates, proteins, and fats (supply the body with energy)
BMI underweight
less than 18.5
serum albumin
low levels are associated with malnutrition, malabsorption, & chronic liver disease. It can take days to detect nutritional problems
trace minerals
minerals that are needed in very small amounts - Copper, Fluoride, Iodine, Iron, & Zinc
major minerals
minerals that the body needs in amounts of 100mg/day or greater - calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium
BMI morbidly obese
over 40