Nutrition ch 1 questions

What is the kilocalorie difference between one gram of fat and one gram of carbohydrate?

5 kcal One gram of fat contains 9 kcal and one gram of carbohydrate contains 4 kcal, a difference of 5 kcal.

How many kcal per gram do lipids contain?

9

Which of the following statements are true about the best way to get nutrients and phytochemicals in your diet?

Base your diet on a variety of "whole" and minimally processed foods.

What term describes a food or beverage that is a poor source of micronutrients in relation to its energy value?

Empty-calorie

What is the state of health when the body is improperly nourished, including under- and overnutrition?

Malnutrition

Which two nutrients provide no usable calories for the body?

Minerals Vitamins

What term describes a food or beverage that has more vitamins and minerals in relation to its energy value?

Nutrient-dense

Which food listed below provides calories from only one of the macronutrients?

Vegetable oil

Which of the following foods would be considered nutrient dense?

Whole-grain cereals Fat-free milk

All of the following statements about food and supplements are true except______.

a good supplement can adequately replace a diet filled with a variety of whole foods

Which of the following food is more energy dense?

a slice of chocolate cake

No specific food contains _____ the nutrients needed by the body.

all of

The information we know about the relationship between diet and health is _____.

constantly evolving

By eating a variety of nutrient-dense foods you are likely to______.

obtain adequate amounts of the nutrients your body needs eat a safe amount of each nutrient

Dietary moderation can be achieved by______.

obtaining nutrients from the food one eats consuming food in reasonable amounts

A deficiency in niacin results in a deficiency disease called ______.

pellagra

The amount of a nutrient that allows the body to function optimally is called the __ dose

physiological

What term describes the amount of a nutrient that is within the range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally?

physiological dose

Most foods contain a mixture of _____.

protein carbohydrate fat

The endosperm is mostly _____.

starch

The most likely time for the possibility of nutrient toxicity to become a concern would be when_____.

taking a megadose of a vitamin or supplement

You should worry about getting a megadose of a vitamin when______.

taking a supplement that is 10x the recommended amount for the nutrient

How much of a nutrient needs to be consumed for it to be considered a megadose?

the amount of a vitamin or mineral that greatly exceeds the recommended amount of the nutrient

What is produced when a wheat kernel is stripped of its nutrient-rich germ and bran?

white flour

Choose the situations when it would be appropriate for people to take specific nutrient supplements.

certain inherited disorders older adults who may need higher amounts of a nutrient than what is found in food digestive disorders that interfere with nutrient absorption

When taken in high amounts, many vitamins behave like ______ and can produce unpleasant and even toxic side effects.

drugs

To ensure a healthy diet a person should______.

eat a variety of nutrient-dense foods to provide a safe and adequate amount of nutrients

Nutrient toxicity may result from ______.

eating large amounts of foods that are fortified taking megadoses of a supplement

What term describes the energy value of a food in relation to the food's weight?

energy density

Soft drinks are considered empty calorie foods, but even sugar sweetened soft drinks provide

energy. water.

Most foods are predominantly one nutrient.

false

Vitamins provide usable calories for the body.

false

By making certain dietary changes (such as decreasing fat intake), a person may _____.

forestall the development of certain diseases lessen the severity of a disease

To achieve nutritional adequacy and ensure good health, one should consume a variety of foods from the following food groups.

fruits and vegetables whole grains

Orange juice fortified with calcium, margarines that interfere with the body's ability to absorb cholesterol, and yogurt with live bacteria are all examples of______.

functional foods

What term describes a food that is manufactured to boost nutrient intakes?

functional foods

Supplements may______.

include nutrients that may be less available than those in food not contain all the nutrients needed by the human body not contain phytochemicals

A state of health that occurs when the body is improperly nourished is termed

malnutrition

Special diets prescribed for people with chronic health conditions are called _____.

medical nutrition therapies

The term used to describe the intake of a vitamin or mineral that greatly exceeds the recommended amount is a

megadose

A ________ is a nutrient needed in milligram or microgram quantities in the diet.

micronutrient

Consuming reasonable amounts of food while obtaining enough nutrients from food is defined as dietary______.

moderation

Lipids contain ______ calories per gram than carbohydrates

more

Older adults may need _______ amounts of vitamins and minerals than can be found in food.

more

Pellagra is a vitamin deficiency disease caused by a lack of the B vitamin called

niacin

There are _______ foods that will cure cancer.

no

Choose the food that is energy dense but provides some nutrition.

nuts

The average calorie intake for Americans has increased since 2010.

true

Since no natural food contains all the nutrients as they are needed by the body, _____ can help ensure the nutritional adequacy of a diet.

variety

What is the best way to get the appropriate nutrients and phytochemicals in your diet?

variety

The nutritional needs of healthy people ______ during different life stages.

vary

All of the following are macronutrients except______.

vitamins

It is difficult to keep up with new information on nutrition science, often confusing the public, because______.

we expect medical experts to have definitive answers that do not change what we learn is constantly evolving recommendations undergo revisions when new evidence is revealed

Examples of foods that are nutrient dense and energy dense are _____.

whole milk peanut butter nuts

What has happened to the average calorie intake for Americans since 1994?

Increased

Most foods contain nutrients from each of the classes of food groups. Which food listed below does not follow this pattern?

Margarine

Which of the following foods would be considered a provider of empty calories?

Sugar-sweetened soft drinks Pastries Alcohol

All foods have nutritional value.

True

Nuts are an example of a food that is energy dense but does not contain empty calories.

True

The information we have about diet and its relationship to health is constantly changing as new research becomes available.

True