Nutrition ch. 12
What amount of salt provides the Tolerable Upper Intake Level for sodium?
1 teaspoon
At what age do adults normally begin to lose bone mass?
30-40 yrs
A person's highest bone density is achieved by around age (years)
30.
Sam has recently been diagnosed with high blood pressure. His doctor recommended adopting the DASH diet plan. Along with including more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, he was also advised to reduce daily sodium intake to no more than 2000 mg. How much salt (g) would be allowed under Sam's restriction?
5
The normal blood pH range is approximately
7.35-7.45.
Which of the following is NOT among the factors that are effective in regulating the body's water balance?
Adrenaline
Where is the majority of the body's magnesium found?
Bones
Which of the following are good sources of dietary calcium?
Certain green vegetables
Which of the following is a general characteristic of sodium in processed foods?
Salted peanuts contain less sodium than cereals on a per-gram basis
What adverse response is known to occur in people who drink copious amounts of water while participating in intense physical activity?
Hyponatremia
What organ provides the major control for homeostasis of body fluids?
Kidneys
Which of the following is a symptom of potassium deficiency?
Muscle weakness
What is the force that moves water into a space where a solute is more concentrated?
Osmotic pressure
What is the greatest single source of sodium in the diet?
Processed foods
Which of the following is NOT among the features of potassium in nutrition?
Processed foods are a major source
Which of the following is NOT among the properties of electrolytes?
They include fat-soluble as well as water-soluble particles
The DASH diet plan was devised to prevent
hypertension.
What is the body's most indispensable nutrient?
Water
Which of the following is a feature of physical activity and bone health?
Working the muscles places stress on bones, which promotes bone density
In the body, water that resides between cells is known as
interstitial fluid.
All of the following dietary substances are known to adversely affect calcium balance EXCEPT
lactose in the diet
Sulfur is present in practically all
proteins.
Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to
provide rigidity for the bones and teeth.
All of the following are mild symptoms of dehydration EXCEPT
spastic muscles.
Which of the following is a major function of chloride?
Helps maintain gastric acidity
Barbara has been healthy up to the past couple of weeks, but since then has been complaining of considerable muscle weakness. Her doctor just received the results of blood tests, which showed that she is deficient in potassium. If Barbara continues her current habits of consuming a diet low in potassium, for which of the following disorders is she most likely to be at risk?
High blood pressure
What is another term for hypertension?
High blood pressure
Which of the following is a feature of sodium and health?
High sodium intake is known to promote calcium excretion
Which of the following minerals is least likely to be deficient in anyone's diet?
Phosphorus
Which of the following is NOT a function of water in the body?
Source of energy
Which of the following is a major function of magnesium?
Catalyst in energy metabolism
What is the recommended daily calcium intake for young adults?
1000 mg
Which of the following ages (years) is typically associated with people having the densest bone?
28
Which of the following events is specific to a salt-sensitive individual?
Blood pressure increases as salt intake rises
Which of the following shows the highest bioavailability for calcium?
Broccoli
Protective factors for osteoporosis include all of the following EXCEPT
female gender.
Which of the following contributes most to the weight of the human body?
Water
When a person loses fluid by sweating or bleeding, what minerals are lost in greatest quantity?
Sodium and chloride
How much calcium (mg) would typically be absorbed by a normal adult with a calcium intake of 1,000 mg?
950
Which of the following body structures helps to regulate thirst?
Hypothalamus