nutrition ch. 7-9 test

Anyone who eats a meal high in salt can temporarily increase the body's water content. a. True b. False

a. True

Children who don't drink milk often have lower bone density than those who do. a. True b. False

a. True

Soft water contains sodium, which may aggravate high blood pressure. a. True b. False

a. True

The best way to control salt intake is to cut down on highly processed and fast foods. a. True b. False

a. True

The primary role of fluoride is to prevent dental cavities throughout life. a. True b. False

a. True

The psychological desire to eat is called: a. appetite b. hunger c. satiety d. starvation

a. appetite

Deficiency of _______ can lead to neural tube defects. a. folate b. vitamin B6 c. vitamin B12 d. calcium

a. folate

A non-food source of vitamin K is: a. intestinal bacteria b. antibiotics c. sunlight d. tap water

a. intestinal bacteria

Pellagra is a _____ deficiency disease. a. niacin b. thiamin c. folate d. vitamin B12

a. niacin

The vitamin D deficiency disease that develops in adults is known as: a. osteomalacia b. rickets c. pellagra d. scurvy

a. osteomalacia

What is the main positively charged ion inside cells? a. potassium b. phosphorus c. sodium d. magnesium

a. potassium

The top food sources of zinc include: a. shellfish b. grapes c. unleavened bread d. potato

a. shellfish

The disease beriberi is due to deficiency of: a. thiamin b. riboflavin c. niacin d. biotin

a. thiamin

Which vitamin B is often deficient in alcoholics? a. thiamin b. riboflavin c. niacin d. biotin

a. thiamin

Bulimia nervosa is more prevelent than anorexia nervosa and is more common in women than men a. true b. false

a. true

Children who don't drink milk often have lower bone density than those who do a. True b. False

a. true

Most water-soluble vitamins are not stored in tissues to any great extent. a. true b. false

a. true

Waist circumference indicates central obesity and above a certain measurement, the risk for disease increases. a. true b. false

a. true

An uninformed strict vegetarian is at special risk for _____ deficiency. a. vitamin B12 b. folate c. vitamin B6 d. niacin

a. vitamin B12

Which vitamin aids in the conversion of tryptophan to niacin? a. vitamin B6 b. folate c. vitamin B12 d. thiamin

a. vitamin B6

All of the following are fat-soluble vitamins except: a. vitamin I b. vitamin D c. vitamin E d. vitamin K

a. vitamin I

Authorities recommend supplements as a source of calcium instead of foods. a. True b. False

b. False

What is the vitamin C deficiency? a. Pellegra b. Scurvy c. Beriberi d. Anemia

b. Scurvy

Vitamin E serves as: a. a provitamin b. an antioxidant c. an antivitamin d. a precursor

b. an antioxidant

By definition, a vitamin is all of the following except: a. required to prevent deficiency diseases b. an energy-yielding nutrient c. an organic compound d. needed in small amounts

b. an energy-yielding nutrient

All diets are appropriate for losing weight a. true b. false

b. false

Hard water contains magnesium, which may aggravate hypertension. a. true b. false

b. false

The FDA has extensive regulatory control over supplement sales. a. True b. False

b. false

The theory that vitamin C prevents or cures colds is well supported by research. a. True b. False

b. false

Which food provides the highest amount of zinc? a. legumes b. fish c. spinach d. oranges

b. fish

Which B vitamin is especially important for women of childbearing age to prevent neural tube defects? a. vitamin B6 b. folate c. vitamin B12 d. thiamin

b. folate

Which of these mineral supplements can easily cause accidental poisoning in children? a. calcium b. iron c. phosphorus d. magnesium

b. iron

What is the most abundant mineral in the body? a. phosphorus b. folate c. calcium d. iron

c. calcium

The B vitamins act as part of: a. anticoagulants b. antibodies c. coenzymes d. intrinsic factors

c. coenzymes

Energy nutrients can be stored in the body as: a. protein and glycogen b. lean tissue c. glycogen and fat d. triglycerides and lean tissues

c. glycogen and fat

Deficiency of what mineral can lead to anemia? a. vitamin B12 b. folate c. iron d. magnesium

c. iron

Your best friend complains that she is tired all of the time and has a problem concentrating. She also likes to chew ice. Which of the following deficiencies is your friend likely to have? a. zinc b. calcium c. iron d. magnesium

c. iron

Which food is NOT a good source of vitamin C? a. citrus fruits b. strawberries c. milk d. green peppers

c. milk

Which of the following provides the most satiety? a. carbohydrates b. lipids c. protein d. vitamins

c. protein

The main function of vitamin K is: a. to quench free radicals b. to help synthesize key bone proteins c. to help activate proteins that help clot the blood d. to act as an antioxidant in cell membranes

c. to help activate proteins that help clot the blood

Eating liver can lead to toxicity of vitamin A a. True b. False

A. true

Which agency is responsible for ensuring that the public water system meets minimum standards for protection of public health? a. Environmental Protection Agency b. Food and Drug Administration c. World Health Organization d. Water Protection Agency

a. Environmental Protection Agency

A deficiency of niacin may result in which disease? a. Pellagra b. Scurvy c. Beriberi d. Rickets

a. Pellagra

The USP symbol on the label of a vitamin supplement means that: a. it has been tested for effectiveness b. it contains the ingredients listed on the label c. it has been scientifically proven to prevent chronic disease d. it has been tested for safety

b. it contains the ingredients listed on the label

Healthy people can eat vitamin A-rich foods in large amounts without risking tocixity, with the possible exception of: a. carrots b. liver c. cheese d. fortified breakfast cereals

b. liver

All of the following are trace minerals EXCEPT: a. iron b. magnesium c. iodine d. zinc

b. magnesium

Which two minerals are the major constituents of bone? a. calcium and zinc b. phosphorus and calcium c. phosphorus and magnesium d. magnesium and zinc

b. phosphorus and calcium

First sign of dehydration is: a. headache b. thirst c. confusion d. stomach ache

b. thirst

For men and women in the 19-50 year old range, the calcium DRI is ______ miligrams. a. 600 b. 800 c. 1000 d. 1200

c. 1000

Water-solube vitamins: a. are stored in body tissues to a large extent b. dissolve in body fluids but not in cooking water c. are easily excreted in the urine d. are not damaged by high temperatures or oxygen exposure

c. are easily excreted in the urine

Much of the vitamin E that people consume comes from: a. cooked vegetables b. meats, fish, poultry, and eggs c. vegetable oils and products made from them d. fruits and vegetables

c. vegetable oils and products made from them

Which of these B vitamins is present only in foods of animal origin? a. niacin b. riboflavin c. vitamin B12 d. vitamin C

c. vitamin B12

Which vitamin assists in wound healing due to its role in collagen information? a. vitamin B6 b. vitamin B12 c. vitamin C d. folate

c. vitamin C

What is one symptom of a beta-carotene toxicity? a. xerophthalmia b. night blindness c. yellow skin d. rough, dry skin

c. yellow skin

Adults in the US consume an average of _____ milligrams per day of sodium. a. 800 b. 1500 c. 2300 d. 3500

d. 3500

Deficiency of which vitamin(s) can lead to anemia? a. Vitamin B12 b. Folate c. Iron d. A and B e. A and C

d. A and B

Over half of the body's magnesium is stored in the: a. liver b. muscle c. teeth d. bones

d. bones

Any disease that produces _____ malabsorption can bring about deficiencies of vitamins A, D, E, and K. a. calcium b. protein c. carbohydrate d. fat

d. fat

Toxic amounts of this mineral in childhood can lead to permanently discolored teeth. a. calcium b. zinc c. magnesium d. fluoride

d. fluoride

Important roles of vitamin D include all of the following except: a. bone health b. cell growth and differentiation c. influence over reproductive system cells d. health of the retina of the eye

d. health of the retina of the eye

The DASH diet stands for Dietary Approaches to stop _______________. a. heartburn b. hypochondria c. hiccups d. hypertension

d. hypertension

Which of these mineral supplements can easily cause accidental poisoning in children? a. potassium b. sodium c. calcium d. iron

d. iron

Symptoms of vitamin A deficiency include: a. joint pain b. frequent urination c. hemorrhaging of small blood vessels d. night blindness

d. night blindness

Which of the following inhibits iron absorption? a. heme b. MFP factor c. vitamin C d. phytates

d. phytates

Which food has the lowest percentage of water? a. fresh apple b. lean steak c. margarine d. ready-to-eat cereal

d. ready-to-eat cereal

Foods rich in beta-carotene include: a. beets b. corn c. red cabbage d. sweet potato

d. sweet potato

Bone strength later in life depends on: a. the increased calcium absorption in the elderly b. the increased production of estrogen after menopause c. reducing physical activity to protect bones d. the formation of dense bones during youth

d. the formation of dense bones during youth

What is NOT one of the functions of vitamin C? a. to protect and recycle vitamin E to its active form b. to produce and maintain collagen c. to promote the absorption of iron d. to maintain the functions of the reproductive organs

d. to maintain the functions of the reproductive organs

Which vitamin can be synthesized by bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract? a. vitamin A b. vitamin C c. vitamin D d. vitamin K

d. vitamin K