Nutrition Chapter 12
In what country was Zinc deficiency first discovered?
Iran
Adding fluoride to water can safely prevent _____.
dental caries
What is the best food source for iodide
Iodized salt, 1/2 tsp
What is the adult RDA for iodide?
150 mcg/day
What is the RDA for iron in women under the age of 50?
18 mg/day
The UL for zinc is _____ mg per day.
40
The UL for selenium is _______ µg/day.
400
_______ is a condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells and oxygen transport in the blood is impaired.
Anemia
Select food sources of selenium that could be consumed by a vegan.
Brazil nuts. baked beans
Select food sources for chromium.
Broccoli. Whole-grain Bread. Potatoes
Evidence is inconclusive on the role of selenium-rich diets in lowering risk for which of the following?
Cancer. Heart disease
Which of the following are functions of zinc?
Cofactor for more than 50 enzymes. DNA synthesis
Recall that selenium is a component of several
Enzymes
Accidental consumption of _____ supplements is the leading cause of death due to poisoning in children under the age of 6.
Iron
What is the leading cause of accidental death due to poisoning in children under age 6?
Iron
Selenium functions within the body as a component of several proteins referred to as ______.
Selenoproteins
True or false: Fluoridated water over a lifetime may reduce a person's likelihood of tooth decay by 25%.
True
True or false: Trace minerals that have yet to have a clearly identified function in humans include boron, nickel, vanadium, arsenic, lithium, and silicon.
True
Chromium levels in plant foods
are reflective of chromium content in the soil.
Select rich food sources of zinc.
beef roast. Oysters. baked beans.
Which of the following foods contain goitrogens?
cabbage. brussels sprouts. cauliflower.
Exceeding the UL for zinc may result in
depressed immune system function. lowered HDL cholesterol levels. diarrhea.
Choose the functions of iron.
growth. immune function. wound healing. energy metabolism. Reproduction.
Fluoride is not considered an essential nutrient because
it is not require for growth. it does not sustain life.
Americans typically consume ______ the RDA of 0.9 mg/day for copper.
more than
Chromium is important for the metabolism and storage of ______.
protein. lipid. carbohydrate
Anemia is a condition where the body does not have enough healthy
red blood cells.
Soy products, turnips, and broccoli all contain compounds that
reduce thyroid production
Soy products, turnips, and broccoli all contain compounds that
reduce thyroid production.
Zinc is readily found in which of the following foods?
roast beef. baked beans
To prevent dental fluorosis children should
spit out excess fluid. rinse with water after brushing teeth. use a pea-sized amount of toothpaste.
What are causes of fluorosis in children?
swallowing dental rinses. swallowing toothpaste
Which of the following terms best describe the mineral molybdenum?
trace. essential.
Food crops can be sources of organic arsenic as plants acquire the mineral naturally from
volcanic eruptions, soil deposits, normal erosion
Which of the following are good sources of copper?
whole grains. seeds. organ meats.
Manganese supports enzymes that assist in
wound healing. metabolism. bone formation.
Which of the following groups has marginally adequate intakes of iodine?
young American women
Which of the following minerals are trace minerals?
Copper. Iron. Manganese
What is the function of Chromium?
Enhances the effect of insulin. Glucose regulation
True or false: Conclusive evidence suggests that selenium, an antioxidant, has been show to significantly reduce the risk of cancer.
False
_____is the major storage form of iron that also helps regulate iron absorption.
Ferritin
Cavities can be prevented by consuming ______.
Fluoride
Which of the following is not considered an essential nutrient?
Fluoride
________ can remineralize the tooth surface and prevent cavities.
Fluoride
_______ is an enlargement of the thyroid gland as a result of an iodine deficiency.
Goiter
Consuming high amounts of the _______ form of arsenic can cause health problems such as cancer.
Inorganic
Chromium may help with the function of which hormone?
Insulin
______ is a necessary trace mineral for oxygen delivery and immune function.
Iron
________ is a necessary trace mineral for oxygen delivery and immune function.
Iron
_______ is an important activator of many enzymes that play roles in wound healing, metabolism, bone and cartilage formation and antioxidant function.
Manganese
What is the main source of heme iron?
Meat
Zinc deficiencies were first observed in diets high in unleavened breads. The food group they were most likely to lack that contributed to the zinc deficiency was ______
Meat
Which of the following are good dietary sources of iodine?
Milk. saltwater fish. seaweed
Which of the following is a cofactor of four enzymes including sulfite oxidase and xanthine oxidase?
Molybdenum
If an individual ate primarily locally produced foods, which location would have the least likelihood for developing goiter?
San Diego, CA
Exceeding the daily UL for selenium can lead to toxicity, known as ________.
Selenosis
What is the most common method for assessing an individual's iron status?
Serum ferritin concentration
What happens when the body has adequate iron stores?
The absorptive cells of the small intestine make ferritin which blocks iron absorption.
What gland uses iodine?
Thyroid gland
Select the primary function of iodine
Thyroid hormone synthesis
______ _______ _______ is the ratio of blood transferrin receptor to ferritin.
Total Body iron
________ minerals perform vital roles in the body although the body only requires consumption of less than 100mg/day.
Trace
Select the food source that provides the most selenium per serving.
Tuna, 3 oz
Which of the following minerals may have physiological roles in the body but since their roles are not clear, they have not been classified as essential nutrients?
Vanadium, Arsenic, Nickel
Zinc is necessary for which of the following?
Wound healing
The RDA for iron is highest for
a 30-year-old woman.
