Nutrition: Chapter 14 Nutrients for Blood Health

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Approximately how long does it take to circulate blood from the heart through the body and back to the heart?

1 minute

Which of the following percentages make up leukocytes in the blood?

1 percent

What is the ionic state of ferrous iron?

+2

What fraction of the total iron content of a normal diet is heme iron?

1/10

Which of the following percentages of North American toddlers, adolescent girls, and women of childbearing age suffer from iron-deficiency anemia?

10 percent

What is the adult AI for vitamin K?

120ug

Which one of the following percentages represents how well heme iron is absorbed?

25 percent

How many grams of iron would be found in the hemoglobin if a person's body has a total of 5g of iron?

4 g

What is the approximate range for the absorption of vitamin K from foods?

40-70 percent

Approximately what percentage of the body's store of vitamin K is derived from GI tract bacterial synthesis?

50 percent

Which of the following percentages makes up plasma in the blood?

55

Which of the following is a protein that carries iron through the circulations to the tissues?

transferrin

Which of the following is a key nutrient in blood?

water

What percentage of the iron in a hamburger is non-heme iron?

60 percent

Your cousin Emily is a vegetarian. Since you have just learned in your nutrition class that non-heme iron is absorbed less efficiently than heme iron, you want to make sure Emily is getting enough iron. What should you recommend Emily do to maximize her iron absorption?

Eat her non-heme iron sources with a glass of orange juice

Which of the following conditions occurs with a deficiency of vitamin K?

Hemorrhaging

What is the function of the MFP factor?

It enhances iron absorption

How does vitamin C enhance iron absorption when consumed in the same meal?

It keeps iron in the reduced ferrous form

Other than blood clotting, which of the following is a major function of vitamin K?

It participates in synthesis of bone proteins

Which of the following statements illustrates the relationship between zinc and iron?

Proteins in the blood are need for their transport

Which of the following compounds provides a major storage reservoir for iron?

ferritin

Which of the following is known to enhance iron absorption?

foods containing vitamin C

What iron-containing compound carries oxygen in the bloodstream?

hemoglobin

Which of the following is known as an iron-overload protein?

hemosiderin

What is the name of the hormone produced by the liver that regulates iron balance?

hepcidin

Which of the following would be an iron-rich meal?

beef and tomato chili

In what chief capacity does vitamin K function?

blood clotting

During the iron recycling process, which of the following introduces iron into the hemoglobin of red blood cells?

bone marrow

Which of the following processes occur when iron is transported in the body?

Transferrin in the blood carries iron to the bone marrow

Which of the following nutrients enhances iron absorption from the intestinal tract?

Vitamin C

What is prothrombin?

a protein needed for blood clot formation

Which of the following foods provides iron in the most absorbable form?

chicken

Which of the following foods contains the MFP factor?

chicken leg

Which of the following is known to reduce the absorption of iron?

coffee

Which of the following types of cells control iron absorption?

intestinal cells

Free iron can cause damage to which of the following types of cells?

lipid cells

Which of the following improves absorption of iron from supplements when taken with them?

meat

Which of the following is another name for vitamin K?

menaquinone

Where is myoglobin found in the body?

muscle cells

What is the oxygen-carrying protein of muscle cells?

myoglobin

About how much iron is absorbed from a vegetarian diet compared with an omnivorous diet?

one-half as much

When calculating the mount of iron that can be absorbed from a meal, which of the following factors are of major importance?

protein content

Which of the following is known to require vitamin K for its synthesis?

prothrombin

Which one of the following are chief storage sties for surplus iron?

spleen

Which one of the following is a method by which small amounts of iron are lost from the body?

urine

Jennifer does not like leafy greens, which are a rich source of vitamin K. What other food provides an excellent source of vitamin K?

vegetable oil

Which of the following vitamins is synthesized by intestinal bacteria?

vitamin K

What is the ionic state of ferric iron?

-3

How does a person respond to high blood levels in hepcidin?

by decreasing iron absorption

Which of the following foods is likely to result in iron deficiency in children overemphasized in the diet?

milk


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