Nutrition: Chapter 14 Nutrients for Blood Health
Approximately how long does it take to circulate blood from the heart through the body and back to the heart?
1 minute
Which of the following percentages make up leukocytes in the blood?
1 percent
What is the ionic state of ferrous iron?
+2
What fraction of the total iron content of a normal diet is heme iron?
1/10
Which of the following percentages of North American toddlers, adolescent girls, and women of childbearing age suffer from iron-deficiency anemia?
10 percent
What is the adult AI for vitamin K?
120ug
Which one of the following percentages represents how well heme iron is absorbed?
25 percent
How many grams of iron would be found in the hemoglobin if a person's body has a total of 5g of iron?
4 g
What is the approximate range for the absorption of vitamin K from foods?
40-70 percent
Approximately what percentage of the body's store of vitamin K is derived from GI tract bacterial synthesis?
50 percent
Which of the following percentages makes up plasma in the blood?
55
Which of the following is a protein that carries iron through the circulations to the tissues?
transferrin
Which of the following is a key nutrient in blood?
water
What percentage of the iron in a hamburger is non-heme iron?
60 percent
Your cousin Emily is a vegetarian. Since you have just learned in your nutrition class that non-heme iron is absorbed less efficiently than heme iron, you want to make sure Emily is getting enough iron. What should you recommend Emily do to maximize her iron absorption?
Eat her non-heme iron sources with a glass of orange juice
Which of the following conditions occurs with a deficiency of vitamin K?
Hemorrhaging
What is the function of the MFP factor?
It enhances iron absorption
How does vitamin C enhance iron absorption when consumed in the same meal?
It keeps iron in the reduced ferrous form
Other than blood clotting, which of the following is a major function of vitamin K?
It participates in synthesis of bone proteins
Which of the following statements illustrates the relationship between zinc and iron?
Proteins in the blood are need for their transport
Which of the following compounds provides a major storage reservoir for iron?
ferritin
Which of the following is known to enhance iron absorption?
foods containing vitamin C
What iron-containing compound carries oxygen in the bloodstream?
hemoglobin
Which of the following is known as an iron-overload protein?
hemosiderin
What is the name of the hormone produced by the liver that regulates iron balance?
hepcidin
Which of the following would be an iron-rich meal?
beef and tomato chili
In what chief capacity does vitamin K function?
blood clotting
During the iron recycling process, which of the following introduces iron into the hemoglobin of red blood cells?
bone marrow
Which of the following processes occur when iron is transported in the body?
Transferrin in the blood carries iron to the bone marrow
Which of the following nutrients enhances iron absorption from the intestinal tract?
Vitamin C
What is prothrombin?
a protein needed for blood clot formation
Which of the following foods provides iron in the most absorbable form?
chicken
Which of the following foods contains the MFP factor?
chicken leg
Which of the following is known to reduce the absorption of iron?
coffee
Which of the following types of cells control iron absorption?
intestinal cells
Free iron can cause damage to which of the following types of cells?
lipid cells
Which of the following improves absorption of iron from supplements when taken with them?
meat
Which of the following is another name for vitamin K?
menaquinone
Where is myoglobin found in the body?
muscle cells
What is the oxygen-carrying protein of muscle cells?
myoglobin
About how much iron is absorbed from a vegetarian diet compared with an omnivorous diet?
one-half as much
When calculating the mount of iron that can be absorbed from a meal, which of the following factors are of major importance?
protein content
Which of the following is known to require vitamin K for its synthesis?
prothrombin
Which one of the following are chief storage sties for surplus iron?
spleen
Which one of the following is a method by which small amounts of iron are lost from the body?
urine
Jennifer does not like leafy greens, which are a rich source of vitamin K. What other food provides an excellent source of vitamin K?
vegetable oil
Which of the following vitamins is synthesized by intestinal bacteria?
vitamin K
What is the ionic state of ferric iron?
-3
How does a person respond to high blood levels in hepcidin?
by decreasing iron absorption
Which of the following foods is likely to result in iron deficiency in children overemphasized in the diet?
milk